钌(Ⅱ)多吡啶配合物作为DNA分子光开关研究进展(英文)

阐述八面体钌(Ⅱ)多吡啶配合物的光物理和光化学性质.当钌(Ⅱ)多吡啶配合物与DNA作用时,配合物的荧光会发生显著变化,使其能够作为DNA的敏感探针.介绍八面体多吡啶钌(Ⅱ)配合物在DNA结构探针、DNA分子光开关及DNA序列选择断裂试剂等生物无机化学领域的研究进展.评述单核及双核钌(Ⅱ)多吡啶配合物作为DNA分子光开关方面的研究前景与方法,对深入研究新型高效的DNA分子光开关提出建议和看法.     

Guanine and plasmid DNA binding of mono- and trinuclear fac-[Re(CO)3]+ complexes with amino acid ligands

We have synthesized and fully characterized four new complexes comprising the fac-[Re(CO)3]+ moiety and the ligands NH3, L-proline (Pro), or N,N-dimethylglycine (dmGly). The reaction of [Re(H2O)3(CO)3]+ with the two amino acids gives trinuclear complexes of general formula [Re(L)(CO)3]3 (where L = amino acid). We have studied the in vitro behavior of these compounds with guanine and DNA in order to understand whether the cytotoxicity exhibited by certain rhenium complexes based on the fac-[Re(CO)3]+ core is due to the formation of nucleobase complexes and inter- or intrastrand links between DNA bases. We have performed model studies with guanine and studied the structural effects induced by different rhenium(I) tricarbonyl complexes on PhiX174 plasmid DNA by electrophoretic methods. Our results show that rhenium complexes with two available coordination sites interact with plasmid DNA to form a stable adduct that is likely to involve two bases.     

基于标定的任意半径柱面上2维条形码畸变校正

摘 要：二维条码在直接零件标识技术中应用越来越广泛,但存在标刻在柱形零件上的二维条码由于扭曲形变而无法识读的问题。为了校正这种畸变,论文分析了柱面二维条码的畸变形成原理,然后基于标定的机器视觉装置与透视投影原理建立柱面上二维条码畸变校正模型,最后通过图像信息估计出柱形零件半径参数信息,并代入畸变校正模型得到最终的校正结果。实验结果表明,该方法能够较好的校正自由半径柱面上二维条码的扭曲畸变。     

P-糖蛋白基因疫苗的构建与鉴定

目的　制备P 糖蛋白基因疫苗。方法　利用PCR方法扩增编码人类P 糖蛋白多药耐药基因序列胞外区约 1kb片段 ,与真核表达载体pcDNA3进行定向重组 ,限制性内切酶BamHI和XhoI双酶切反应及测序鉴定该重组基因疫苗 ,磷酸钙共沉淀法转染人类K5 62红白血病细胞 ,经G418筛选后 ,免疫组化分析该重组基因疫苗表达产物的抗原特异性。结果　构建了pcDNA3 MDR1重组基因疫苗。限制性内切酶BamHI和XhoI双酶切分别显示 5 .4kb的载体片段及约 1kb的插入序列 ,测序 948个碱基中除 2个碱基突变外均与原序列排列相符。免疫组化方法证实细胞膜表面MDR1约 1kb片段的表达产物可被抗Pgp抗体识别。结论　构建的pcDNA3 MDR1重组基因疫苗可被市售的Pgp抗体特异性识别 ,具有Pgp抗原特异性     

混沌系统和DNA编码的并行遥感图像加密算法

目的 针对传统基于混沌系统的图像加密算法在加密遥感图像时存在速度差、安全性不足等问题,提出一种混沌系统和脱氧核糖核酸（deoxyribonucleic acid,DNA）编码的并行遥感图像加密算法,提升图像加密的效率和安全性。方法 利用明文图像的安全散列算法256（secure Hash algorithm 256,SHA-256）哈希值修改混沌系统的参数和初始值,提高算法的明文敏感性,并通过2维Hénon-Sine映射置乱图像,打乱像素之间的分布规律;然后利用图形处理器（graphics processing unit,GPU）并行计算密钥序列,缩短加密时间,通过选择多个高维混沌系统和修改混沌系统初始值确保密钥序列的随机性;最后利用密钥序列和GPU对图像进行DNA并行加密,得到最终的密文图像。在DNA并行加密过程中,生成一种DNA-S盒,对DNA编码进行非线性替换。结果 在遥感图像以及普通彩色图像上的仿真实验和安全性分析结果表明,本文算法在加密遥感图像上速度达到80 Mbit/s以上,密钥空间大于10²⁰⁰,信息熵趋近于8,密文图像直方图平坦均匀,且通过了美国国家标准与技术研究院（National Institute of Standards and Technology,NIST）随机测试以及卡方检验;与其他算法相比,本文算法在密钥空间、相邻像素相关性、像素改变率（number of changing pixel rate,NPCR）、统一平均变化强度（unified averaged changed intensity,UACI）和信息熵等评价指标上更接近理想值。结论 本文算法在大幅提升加密速度的同时,保证算法足够安全,能够抵抗各种攻击,适合遥感图像以及大容量图像的保密存储和网络传输。     

Failure to diverge in African Great Lakes: The case of Dolicirroplectanum lacustre gen. nov. comb. nov. (Monogenea,Diplectanidae) infecting latid hosts

Speciation of fish in the African Great Lakes has been widely studied. Surprisingly, extensive speciation in parasites was only recently discovered in these biodiversity hotspots, notably in monogeneans (Platyhelminthes) from Lake Tanganyika. Diplectanum is a monogenean genus of which only a single species is known from the Great Lakes: Diplectanum lacustre (Diplectanidae) living on lates perches (Latidae) of Lake Albert. Despite their primary marine origin, latids have diversified in African freshwaters including several Great Lakes. In better-studied marine diplectanid species, incongruence between morphological and genetic differentiation was documented. As freshwater systems provide more opportunities for speciation than the marine realm, we ask whether diplectanids of Lates spp. of the Great Lakes underwent similar diversification as their hosts. Fresh and museum specimens of five African latid species (Lates angustifrons, L. mariae, L. microlepis, L. niloticus, L. stappersii) were examined for the presence of monogenean gill parasites. Monogeneans were characterised morphologically via morphometrics of sclerotised structures and genetically using nuclear and mitochondrial markers. Continuous morphological variation was documented in these parasites. In addition, the genetic distance, based on the COI region, between parasites of geographically isolated host species did not reach the level typically associated with distinct diplectanid species. Therefore, a single species of a newly described genus, Dolicirroplectanum lacustre gen. nov. comb. nov. is suggested to infect latid species in the examined basins. We discuss this parasite’s failure to diverge in the light of the congruence between the rate of molecular evolution in COI and host historical distribution.     

共存阴离子对核酸阻锈剂在模拟混凝土孔溶液中钢筋阻锈作用的影响

将一种含有长度在20～80个碱基的各种引物的混合溶液溶解在核酸缓冲液中作为核酸阻锈剂,通过线性极化和电化学阻抗谱(EIS)两种电化学手段分别研究共存阴离子HCO_3~-和SO_4~(2-)对核酸阻锈剂在模拟混凝土孔溶液中对钢筋氯盐腐蚀的影响。利用X射线光电子能谱(XPS)分析了在有共存阴离子存在的模拟混凝土孔溶液中钢筋电极在核酸阻锈剂作用下表面膜的组成结构。结果表明:核酸阻锈剂具有良好的钢筋防腐蚀效果,共存阴离子HCO_3~-的存在使钢筋的腐蚀速率加快,但核酸的加入能明显减弱钢筋腐蚀倾向,具有和商用阻锈剂(主要成分为磷酸钠)基本相同的阻锈效率;共存阴离子SO_4~(2-)的存在加快了钢筋的腐蚀速率,且SO_4~(2-)的浓度较低时核酸阻锈剂的阻锈效率已经超过了同等条件下的商用阻锈剂。     

免标记DNA电化学传感器测定凝血酶

研制了一种基于介孔二氧化硅负载纳米金和适体DNA的免标记电化学传感器,用于检测凝血酶的含量。实验中先用三甲基氯硅烷(TMCS)封闭介孔二氧化硅(MPS)前驱体外壁硅羟基的活性,煅烧除去模板剂后,再用氨基丙基三乙氧基硅烷(APTS)与孔道内壁硅羟基反应,接枝氨基,最后得到内壁修饰氨基的介孔硅材料(APTS-TMCS-MPS)。金纳米粒子(GNPs)通过与APTS-TMCS-MPS氨基的静电作用力组装到介孔孔道内,然后和巯基修饰的适体DNA通过金硫键相结合,制得免标记探针(DNA/GNPs/APTSTMCS-MPS)。将探针修饰在玻碳电极表面,制得免标记DNA电化学传感器。将该传感器与含有凝血酶的待测液温育反应后,凝血酶和固定在介孔内的适体DNA发生特异性反应,形成位阻较大的适体DNA和凝血酶的复合物,从而增加了介孔孔道内的空间位阻,导致电流响应信号降低。随着凝血酶浓度的增加,孔道内部的位阻也随之增加。根据形成的复合物对电子转移和响应电流的阻碍,可以实现对凝血酶的免标记测定。实验结果表明,APTS-TMCS-MPS介孔孔道内的GNPs,可以提高孔道内电子的传递效率。在优化的实验条件下,该免标记DNA电化学传感器对凝血酶的检测线性范围是1.0×10-8~1.0×10-6 mol·L-1,检测限是7.5×10-9 mol·L-1(3σ)。     

Fe^3＋离子修饰的金纳米粒子对DNA的高效吸附

在谷胱甘肽功能化的金纳米粒子表面螯合Fe^3＋离子后,研究了DNA分子在不同p H和盐浓度条件下在粒子表面的吸附和脱附行为。在pH〈4.0的条件下,DNA通过所含的磷酸根基团与粒子表面的Fe^3＋离子产生配位相互作用而吸附到粒子表面,此过程受盐浓度影响不大。当pH〉4.0时,由于溶液中氢氧根离子的竞争作用,使DNA的磷酸根基团不能与Fe^3＋离子配位,此时只能通过静电或氢键作用吸附,但是吸附效率很低。因此,Fe^3＋离子修饰的金纳米粒子只在低p H条件下可以实现对DNA的高效吸附。这种基于配位作用的吸附效率要高于盐桥作用,而且不会受到溶液中盐浓度的影响。