Multiple Na,K-ATPase Subunits Colocalize in the Brush Border of Mouse Choroid Plexus Epithelial Cells

(1) Background: The unusual accumulation of Na,K-ATPase complexes in the brush border membrane of choroid plexus epithelial cells have intrigued researchers for decades. However, the full range of the expressed Na,K-ATPase subunits and their relation to the microvillus cytoskeleton remains unknown. (2) Methods: RT-PCR analysis, co-immunoprecipitation, native PAGE, mass spectrometry, and differential centrifugation were combined with high-resolution immunofluorescence histochemistry, proximity ligase assays, and stimulated emission depletion (STED) microscopy on mouse choroid plexus cells or tissues in order to resolve these issues. (3) Results: The choroid plexus epithelium expresses Na,K-ATPase subunits α1, α2, β1, β2, β3, and phospholemman. The α1, α2, β1, and β2, subunits are all localized to the brush border membrane, where they appear to form a complex. The ATPase complexes may stabilize in the brush border membrane via anchoring to microvillar actin indirectly through ankyrin-3 or directly via other co-precipitated proteins. Aquaporin 1 (AQP1) may form part of the proposed multi-protein complexes in contrast to another membrane protein, the Na-K-2Cl cotransporter 1 (NKCC1). NKCC1 expression seems necessary for full brush border membrane accumulation of the Na,K-ATPase in the choroid plexus. (4) Conclusion: A multitude of Na,K-ATPase subunits form molecular complexes in the choroid plexus brush border, which may bind to the cytoskeleton by various alternative actin binding proteins.     

沉积硫酸盐对Fe-20Cr合金800℃氧化行为的影响

采用动力学测量、SEM、X-射线等手段研究了沉积硫酸盐对Fe-20Cr合金800℃氧化行为的影响.结果表明,沉积盐引起Fe-20Cr合金加速氧化.     

Cardiac Oxidative Signaling and Physiological Hypertrophy in the Na/K-ATPase α1s/sα2s/s Mouse Model of High Affinity for Cardiotonic Steroids

The Na/K-ATPase is the specific receptor for cardiotonic steroids (CTS) such as ouabain and digoxin. At pharmacological concentrations used in the treatment of cardiac conditions, CTS inhibit the ion-pumping function of Na/K-ATPase. At much lower concentrations, in the range of those reported for endogenous CTS in the blood, they stimulate hypertrophic growth of cultured cardiac myocytes through initiation of a Na/K-ATPase-mediated and reactive oxygen species (ROS)-dependent signaling. To examine a possible effect of endogenous concentrations of CTS on cardiac structure and function in vivo, we compared mice expressing the naturally resistant Na/K-ATPase α1 and age-matched mice genetically engineered to express a mutated Na/K-ATPase α1 with high affinity for CTS. In this model, total cardiac Na/K-ATPase activity, α1, α2, and β1 protein content remained unchanged, and the cardiac Na/K-ATPase dose–response curve to ouabain shifted to the left as expected. In males aged 3–6 months, increased α1 sensitivity to CTS resulted in a significant increase in cardiac carbonylated protein content, suggesting that ROS production was elevated. A moderate but significant increase of about 15% of the heart-weight-to-tibia-length ratio accompanied by an increase in the myocyte cross-sectional area was detected. Echocardiographic analyses did not reveal any change in cardiac function, and there was no fibrosis or re-expression of the fetal gene program. RNA sequencing analysis indicated that pathways related to energy metabolism were upregulated, while those related to extracellular matrix organization were downregulated. Consistent with a functional role of the latter, an angiotensin-II challenge that triggered fibrosis in the α1^r/rα2^s/s mouse failed to do so in the α1^s/sα2^s/s. Taken together, these results are indicative of a link between circulating CTS, Na/K-ATPase α1, ROS, and physiological cardiac hypertrophy in mice under baseline laboratory conditions.     

K2O和Na2O对高Al2O3炉渣组元活度和MgO含量的影响

 随着高品位铁矿石消耗的加快,资源逐渐趋于贫化,钢铁企业可利用的铁矿石原料逐渐向中低品位原料转变,尤其是高铝铁矿,这类原料的使用无疑会增加高炉渣中Al₂O₃质量分数,影响高炉现有的操作制度。Al₂O₃质量分数为15%～17%的高炉渣,由于Al₂O₃含量高而使高炉渣的冶金性能变差,为了保证高炉渣的冶金性能,必须在其中添加8%左右的MgO。然而,Al₂O₃含量相似的浦项钢铁的高炉渣,其MgO质量分数仅为4%左右,高炉实现了高效、稳定、顺行。因此,从高炉CaO-SiO₂-Al₂O₃-MgO四元渣系的物理化学机理出发,研究了K₂O、Na₂O对高炉渣四元渣系CaO-SiO₂-Al₂O₃-MgO中各组元活度的影响;研究了“渣-气”平衡条件下渣中碱金属氧化物和气体中碱金属的关系;计算了K₂O、Na₂O和MgO对黏度的影响。结果显示,在考虑高炉渣CaO-SiO₂-Al₂O₃-MgO中各组元活度、碱金属在渣-气间的分布和炉渣黏度的情况下,当碱金属氧化物K₂O和Na₂O存在时,可以适当减小MgO含量,并可以保证高炉渣各组元活度及炉渣黏度基本不变。这不仅有助于减少高炉原料中添加含镁熔剂、提高原料品位、高效排碱、降低碱危害、减少碳排放、延长高炉寿命及降低成本,还能促进钢铁企业实现节能减排的目标。     

Effects of sodium tungstate on characteristics of microarc oxidation coatings formed on magnesium alloy in silicate-KOH electrolyte

Oxide coatings on AM60B magnesium alloy were prepared using the microarc oxidation（MAO） technique in silicate-KOH electrolyte with addition of 0-6.0 g/L Na2WO4. The MAO processes in base electrolyte with different concentrations of Na2WO4 were studied. The microstructure, compositions and mechanical tribological characteristics of the oxide coatings were also investigated by SEM, XRD, XPS, microhardness analysis and ball-on-disc friction testing, respectively. It is found that the addition of Na2WO4 into the base electrolyte has direct effect on the characteristics of voltage-time curves and breakdown voltage in MAO process. The number of micropores at top of the coating surface is increased by the addition of Na2WO4. The fraction of forsterite Mg2SiO4 in the oxide coating increases with increasing concentration of Na2WO4 in base electrolytes. Furthermore, the microhardness and wear resistance of oxide coatings are enhanced as well.     

Na2B4O7对镁合金旧料组织和性能的影响

利用等离子发射光谱仪、电镜、X衍射、万能材料试验机、腐蚀试验等手段研究了不同Na2B4O7含量的熔剂对镁合金废旧料的力学性能、相组成、断口形貌以及腐蚀行为的影响.研究表明,使用含Na2B4O7的熔剂可以使镁合金旧料中Fe的质量分数降低到0.004%以下,同时提高材料的抗拉强度和伸长率.腐蚀试验表明含Na2B4O7的质量分数为20%的熔剂可以使材料的腐蚀速率从15.1 mg*cm-2*d-1降低到0.4 mg*cm-2*d-1.电镜观察和X衍射表明,净化处理对断口形貌和相组成没有明显影响.最后分析了Na2B4O7除铁的机理,认为Fe与B形成某种化合物沉淀下来是主要原因.     

无铅压电陶瓷的研究进展

在压电陶瓷领域，无铅压电陶瓷从环保的角度考虑越来越引起人们的注意。本文主要综述了以BNT为基的3类无铅压电陶瓷体系。它们都是很好的无铅压电陶瓷的侯选材料，其中BNBT－6，BNTN－3和BNST－2的机电耦合常数K33分别为0．55，0．43，而且具有较高的频率常数和较小的介电系数，适用于众多高频超声换能检测领域以及压电致动装置等方面，所以作为无铅压电陶瓷它们是很有潜力的。     

国外过氧化氢在化学合成中应用研究进展

介绍了近期国外过氧化氢在部分化学品合成中应用研究新进展 ,产品包括过碳酸钠、过碳酰胺、4Na2 SO4·2H2 O2 ·NaCl加合物、叔胺氧化物、水合肼、二羟基苯、季铵盐过氧化氢和甲乙酮肟。内容涉及产品质量 (纯度、安定性、溶解速率、外观等 )、产品收率、催化剂、工艺过程等方面改进。主要介绍专利技术。     

火焰光度法测定氧化铝中的氧化钠

氧化铝原料纯度高,熔点高,不被氢氟酸—硫酸所分解,但能迅速熔解于热的硫—磷混酸溶液中。控制溶液中硫—磷混酸的浓度,并在氧化钠系列标准溶液中配入等量的硫—磷混酸,即可在火焰光度计上直接测量氧化钠的含量。     

Intercalated PS/Na+‐MMT Nanocomposites Prepared by Ultrasonically Initiated In Situ Emulsion Polymerization

Summary: A new technique, ultrasonically initiated in situ emulsion polymerization, was employed to prepare intercalated polystyrene/Na⁺‐MMT nanocomposites. FTIR, XRD, and TEM results confirm that the hydrophobic PS can easily intercalate into the galleries of hydrophilic montmorillonite via ultrasonically initiated in situ emulsion polymerization, taking advantages of the multi‐effects of ultrasonic irradiation, such as dispersion, pulverization, activation, and initiation. Properly reducing SDS concentration is beneficial to widen the d‐spacing between clay layers. However, the Na⁺‐MMT amount has little effect on the d‐spacing of nanocomposites. The glass transition temperature of nanocomposites increased as the percentage of clay increased, although the average molecular weight of PS decreased, and the decomposition temperature of the 1obtained nanocomposites moves to higher temperature.

TEM of PS/Na⁺‐MMT nanocomposite prepared by ultrasonically initiated in situ emulsion polymerization.