琥珀酸单-2-(吡啶-2-基)乙醇酯的合成与植物生长调节活性研究

丁二酸酐与2-乙醇吡啶经酯化反应,合成具有植物生长调节活性的新化合物琥珀酸单-2-(吡啶-2-基)乙醇酯。室内活性试验表明,其对玉米有促进生长的作用;进一步田间试验表明,其能够提高小麦产量、千粒重以及穗粒数,且对小麦安全,能够达到甚至略好于市售生长调节剂胺鲜酯(DA-6)的生长促进效果。该化合物合成方法简单,易于工业化生产。     

电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法测定石灰性土壤中有效磷

石灰性土壤中有效磷的测定通常采用钼锑抗分光光度法,操作复杂、检出限高。采用碳酸氢钠浸提-基体掩蔽结合电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法(ICP-AES)实现了对大批量土壤样本中有效磷的高效分析。实验中采用pH值为8.5、0.5 mol/L碳酸氢钠溶液为浸提液,按照20∶1的水土比(浸提液体积(mL)与土壤质量(g)之比)于(25±1)℃下振荡提取30 min;用定量滤纸过滤后,分取20.00 mL滤液,加入2 mL 硝酸(1+1)酸化,用250 mg的丁二酸掩蔽碱金属离子,选择P 214.914 nm为分析谱线,采用ICP-AES测定磷。结果表明,磷质量浓度与其发射强度在一定范围内呈良好的线性关系,线性相关系数为0.999 7。方法检出限为0.004 6 mg/kg,定量限为0.015 mg/kg。方法用于测定土壤标准物质(GBW07413a、GBW07414a、GBW07459、GBW07460、GBW07461)中有效磷,测定值与认定值基本相符,测定结果的相对标准偏差(RSD, n=6)为0.87%~2.1%;用于土壤样品中有效磷的测定,测定结果的相对标准偏差(n=6)不大于1.7%,与农业部标准方法(NY/T 1121.7—2014)测得的结果基本一致,无显著性差异。     

C_(8-12)烯基琥珀酸酐合成机理的研究

链式烯基琥珀酸酐因其含有碳碳双键和羧酸酐基,即亲水又亲油,可以合成多种衍生物,是一种重要的精细化学品中间体。文中阐述了高压下用顺丁烯二酸酐(又称马来酸酐,简称MA)和C8-12烯合成C8-12烯基琥珀酸酐的合成机理。     

光催化双极膜的制备及应用

以聚乙烯醇（PVA）和羧甲基纤维素钠（CMC）混合制成阳膜层材料,以聚乙烯醇和壳聚糖（CS）混合制成阴膜层材料。分别用氯化铬、戊二醛对阳膜、阴膜进行交联改性,并在阴阳膜层间加入具有光催化活性的纳米二氧化钛,得mCMC/TiO2/mCS双极膜。该双极膜在紫外光照射下,具有高的水解离效率,优良的亲水性能,双极膜阻抗小,工作电压低,并将该膜应用于合成乙醛酸和丁二酸体系中。     

脂肪族环氧四丙烯酸酯的合成及其在UV涂料中的应用

采用丁二酸酐、三羟甲基丙烷二丙烯酸酯在催化剂的作用下进行开环反应得中间体,然后再与新戊二醇二缩水甘油醚反应制得脂肪族环氧四丙烯酸酯,并且对其在UV涂料中的应用性能进行了研究。     

Comparitive study on facilitated pertraction of succinic acid using TRI‐n‐octylamine without and with 1‐octanol

Succinic acid has been pertracted with TOA using free liquid membranes without or with 1‐octanol. The addition of the alcohol led to the increase of up to 2.8–3 times of the acid's initial and final mass flows. At the same time, the influence of 1‐octanol on the transport capacity of the pertraction system was negative, its addition inducing the accumulation of succinic acid into the liquid membrane. A mathematical model describing the acid accumulation inside the liquid membrane has been developed for pertraction systems without and with 1‐octanol and offers good concordance with the experimental data. © 2012 Canadian Society for Chemical Engineering     

Processing of ethanol fermentation broths by Candida krusei to separate bioethanol by pervaporation using silicone rubber‐coated silicalite membranes

BACKGROUND: Pervaporation employing ethanol‐permselective silicalite membranes as an alternative to distillation is a promising approach for refining low‐concentration bioethanol solutions. However, to make the separation process practicable, it is extremely important to avoid the problems caused by the adsorption of succinate on the membrane during the separation process. In this work, the pervaporation of an ethanol fermentation broth without succinate was investigated, as well as the influence of several fermentation broth nutrient components. RESULTS: Candida krusei IA‐1 produces an extremely low level of succinate. The decrease in permeate ethanol concentration through a silicone rubber‐coated silicalite membrane during the separation of low‐succinate C. krusei IA‐1 fermentation broth was significantly improved when compared with that obtained using Saccharomyces cerevisiae broth. By treating the fermentation broth with activated carbon, bioethanol was concentrated as efficiently as with binary mixtures of ethanol/water. The total flux was improved upto 56% of that obtained from the separation of binary mixtures, compared with 43% before the addition of activated carbon. Nutrients such as peptone, yeast extract and corn steep liquor had a negative effect on pervaporation, but this response was distinct from that caused by succinate. CONCLUSION: For consistent separation of bioethanol from C. krusei IA‐1 fermentation broth by pervaporation, it is useful to treat the low nutrient broth with activated carbon. To further improve pervaporation performance, it will be necessary to suppress the accumulation of glycerol. Copyright © 2009 Society of Chemical Industry     

Corrosion protection of molybdate doped polypyrrole film prepared in succinic acid solution

ABSTRACT

Polypyrrole (PPy) was prepared on the mild steel substrate by electrochemical polymerisation in the solution containing pyrrole monomer and succinic acid. The mild steel surface could be passivated before and during electropolymerisation by molybdate. The morphology and structure of the PPy film were studied with SEM. The typical cauliflower structure of PPy was observed. Raman and IR spectroscopy showed that the obtained PPy was in an oxidised state. The thermal stability of PPy was investigated by the thermal gravimetric analysis, showing that PPy was stable at higher than 480°C. The electrochemical property of the PPy film was performed by open circuit potential, polarisation curves (I/E), and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The corrosion behaviour of mild steel (CT3) with PPy film in solution NaCl 3% was studied.

This paper is part of a supplementary issue from the 17th Asia-Pacific Corrosion Control Conference (APCCC-17).     

月桂醛和琥珀酸酐接枝改性天然胶原所得产物的表面活性

以月桂醛与琥珀酸酐接枝改性具有三股螺旋结构的天然胶原,得到了一种保留了天然胶原结构的生物表面活性剂(胶原基生物表面活性剂,简称BCB)。研究了BCB的基本表面活性,结果表明,BCB具有较好的泡沫膨胀和泡沫稳定性,其乳化活性(284.08 m2/g)与天然胶原(32.23 m2/g)相比有显著的提高,乳化稳定性和吸油能力也有所提升。BCB的润湿能力随着其浓度的增加而提高,表面张力随存放时间的延长而降低,在质量浓度为5.0×10-3g/L时,表面张力在3 000 s时达到平衡,为52.58 m N/m。研究表明,BCB和天然胶原的乳液类型均为O/W型。     

低粘度辛烯基琥珀酸淀粉酯的酸水解条件研究

水解时间、温度、酸浓度是影响辛烯基琥珀酸淀粉酯酸水解过程的主要因素。文中通过中心组合实验设计及响应面分析建立了辛烯基琥珀酸淀粉酯的水解模型,求出了酸法制备低粘度辛烯基琥珀酸淀粉酯(DS0.156,粘度0.004 Pa.s,12 r/min)的最佳工艺条件:时间6.39 h,温度49.85℃,酸浓度1.48%