超声振动切削加工速度系数的研究

用速度系数K对振动切削的动态切削过程进行了分析,由试验研究得出:加工硬脆材料时,关键是振动切削中的冲击作用,当K=0.308时,冲击作用最强,切削效果最好,试验结果与理论分析基本一致。     

The use of an electrothermal plasma gun to simulate the extremely high heat flux conditions of a tokamak disruption

Disruption damage conditions for future large tokamaks like ITER are nearly impossible to simulate on current tokamaks. The electrothermal plasma source SIRENS has been designed, constructed, and operated to produce high density (> 10²⁵/m³), low temperature (1–3 eV) plasma formed by the ablation of the insulator with currents of up to 100 kA (100 s pulse length) and energies up to 15 kJ. The source heat fluence (variable from 0.2 to 7 MJ/m²) is adequate for simulation of the thermal quench phase of plasma disruption in future fusion tokamaks. Different materials have been exposed to the high heat flux in SIRENS, where comparative erosion behavior was obtained. Vapor shield phenomena has been characterized for different materials, and the energy transmission factor through the shielding layer is obtained. The device is also equipped with a magnet capable of producing a parallel magnetic field (up to 16 T) over a 8 msec pulse length. The magnetic field is produced to decrease the turbulent energy transport through the vapor shield, which provides further reduction of surface erosion (magnetic vapor shield effect).     

智能材料与聚合物

本文阐述了智能材料的概念、设计方法和相关的研究领域。在分子、原子、介观和宏观层次上讨论了聚合物的结构和智能性。     

氯乙烯精馏尾气吸附回收过程

阐述了活性炭吸附氯乙烯的基本原理和氯乙烯精馏尾气吸附回收的流程，对吸附床进行了主要的物料衡算和设备主要尺寸计算，提出了主要控制参数，并进行了效益分析。     

反应结合SiC电热材料的高温氧化特征

研究了反应结合SiC电热材料在1100～1580℃空气介质中加热时的氧化特征。结果表明：加热温度高于1420℃后，材料基体中的残留Si熔化并流动到表面形成SiO2。氧化后形成的SiO2与表面氧化层融为一体，提高了表面氧化层的致密度，有利于材料的抗氧化性能。1500℃左右为材料的抗氧化性能转折温度。在1500℃以下氧化时，反应结合SiC的抗氧化行为与重结晶SiC接近；高于1500℃氧化时，材料表面发生破坏性氧化，引起电热材料的失效。1500℃氧化后的表面氧化层中同时存在低温石英、方石英和非晶态SiO2。     

炭黑填充导电丁腈橡胶研究

研究了用华光化工厂产导电炭黑填充丁腈橡胶的导电性规律。探讨了配方、加工工艺、混炼胶存放、胶料老化以及测试条件等诸多因素与导电性的关系。优选出了硬度７０左右的胶料，其体积电阻率为２．２２Ω·ｃｍ。     

不锈钢活性炭滤器的氯腐蚀与防腐

本文就活性炭在预处理中脱氯的不锈钢滤器的氯腐蚀机理进行了探讨，并提出了不锈钢活性炭脱氯滤器的防腐方法和措施。     

面向21世纪的新型发酵有机酸工业（一）

近年柠檬酸工业高速发展,2002年的产量已达到40.2万t,出口28.3万t,出口额突破了2亿美元。价格大战使柠檬酸的出口价格呈持续下滑趋势,并已引起了相关国家的抵制。我国发酵有机酸行业必须攘外安内,以实现柠檬酸行业量变向质变的飞跃;扬长避短,抓住生物降解材料的发展机遇,发展聚乳酸、聚羟基链烷酯;推陈出新,关注苹果酸、丙酮酸和曲酸,提升整体水平。     

石墨粒度对低炭镁炭砖性能的影响

以电熔镁砂和4种粒度(≤0.149mm、 ≤0.074mm、≤0.044mm和≤0.01mm)的天然鳞片 石墨为主原料,在石墨含量为4%的条件下,研究了 石墨粒度对低炭镁炭砖的物理性能、抗氧化性和热震 稳定性的影响。结果表明:用细石墨取代较粗石墨 (粒度≤0.149mm)制成的镁炭砖,其物理性能、抗氧 化性和热震稳定性都有了明显的改善,且都以加入粒 度≤0.074mm石墨的效果最好。其原因是细石墨的 加入改善了镁炭砖的基质结构。石　墨     

The interpretation of X-ray photoelectron spectra of pyrolized S-containing carbonaceous materials

Theoretical models and ab initio Hartree-Fock wavefunctions have been used to investigate the S(2p) core level binding energies (BE), of pyrolized S-containing, carbonaceous materials. Comparison between experimental and calculated data for thiophene permits the accuracy of the present approach to be established. A systematic study of different situations demonstrates that, in these materials, non-oxidized S atoms can show peaks at very high BE relative to the C(1s) peak at 285.0 eV. This study confirms that the peak at 164.1 eV corresponds to ‘thiophenic’ S atoms. On the other hand, it shows that the peaks at higher BE could correspond to S atoms replacing C atoms in three-coordinated structures of graphene layers, in agreement with the arguments suggested in the experimental works. The energetic similarity between the two peaks at very high BE makes it difficult to differentiate between them, although the results of the present study seem to suggest that the peak at experimental BE ≈ 166 eV could correspond to S atoms coordinated to two C and one H atoms at the edge of graphene layers, while the peak at ≈ 169 eV would correspond to S atoms replacing C atoms in inner positions of the graphene layers, and it is bonded to three C atoms.