偶联剂对玻璃纤维增强淀粉/聚乳酸复合材料性能的影响

分别以马来酸酐、KH550、KH560和KH570为偶联剂对玻璃纤维进行预处理,再与淀粉、聚乳酸(PLA)复合,通过熔融挤出法制备玻璃纤维增强淀粉/PLA复合材料。研究了偶联剂种类对玻璃纤维增强复合材料熔融指数、力学性能、热性能和熔融流变性能的影响。实验发现马来酸酐、KH550、KH570、KH560处理玻璃纤维增强淀粉/PLA复合材料的熔融指数和力学性能都依次增大,表明KH560处理玻璃纤维增强淀粉/PLA复合材料的界面黏结作用最强。对热性能进行表征发现,马来酸酐、KH550、KH570、KH560处理玻璃纤维增强淀粉/PLA复合材料玻璃化转变温度、重结晶温度、结晶度和热稳定性均依次提高。受玻璃纤维与淀粉/PLA基体界面黏结效果的影响,马来酸酐、KH550、KH570、KH560处理玻璃纤维增强淀粉/PLA体系的储能模量和复数黏度依次增大。     

玉米胚芽油对冰淇淋性质的影响的探讨

主要探讨了在冰淇淋生产过程中,以玉米胚芽油部分代替奶油的可行性。通过对稳定剂的品种、玉米胚油的添加量及工艺条件的研究找出了最佳配方,按此工艺生产的冰淇淋不仅具有紧密的形体,而且具有光滑细腻的组织结构和醇厚持久的风味,同时提高了冰淇淋的营养价值。     

高取代度羟丙基玉米淀粉的性质研究(Ⅱ)——流变学性质

研究了高取代度羟丙基玉米淀粉溶液的流变学性质及其影响因素。结果表明：高取代度羟丙基玉米淀粉在５％～２０％浓度范围,２０～４０℃范围内呈现假塑性流体特征,符合幂定律;高取代度羟丙基玉米淀粉浓度越高,温度越低,其假塑性越明显;取代度对羟丙基玉米淀粉的流变性影响较显著,而ｐＨ值的影响则较小;高取代度羟丙基玉米淀粉具有剪切稀化性质,其表观粘度受剪切速率的影响并不太明显。     

形状特征局部操作在实体造型中的实现

文章介绍了实体造型中形状特征的局部操作,研究了包含形状特征描述的数据结构,分析了形状特征的分类、框架、特征间的联系及有关操作,分析了欧拉运算及实现思路,在此基础上对实体造型进行局部操作,提高了造型中的运算效率,也对特征造型作了相应的探讨。     

Structure-activity relationships for analogs of (+)-(E)-endo-Β-bergamoten-12-oic acid,an oviposition stimulant ofHelicoverpa zea (Boddie)

-Bergamotenoic acid, a compound previously shown to stimulate oviposition inH. zea, was converted into a set of bicyclic analogs and tested with a set of acyclic side chain analogs to ascertain the molecular structure that maximizes insect behavioral response. While changes in the bicyclic ring elicited no variation in response, alteration in the side chain structure of-bergamotenoic acid resulted in significant changes in moth preference. Free rotation about the C-C bond proximal to the carboxylic acid group appears to be an important structural factor, since saturation of the side chain double bond significantly increased activity. The carboxylic acid group seems to be required for strong oviposition stimulation, since analogs lacking the carboxylic acid group exhibited no significant oviposition activity. Oviposition preference ofH. zea was also influenced by the length of the hydrocarbon chain to which the carboxylic acid is attached. While hexanoic acid was found inactive, the ovipositional preference for the heptanoic and octanoic acids was greatest for the one 8-carbon tested. This and other work suggest that carboxylic acids of specific chain lengths influence the oviposition behavior of bothHelicoverpa andHeliothis species and may be associated with host-plant selection. The potential use of this information in designing integrated pest management strategies for control ofH. zea is discussed.     

Effects of α-Terthienyl on the midgut detoxification enzymes of the European corn borer,Ostrinia nubilalis

The biochemical basis for the tolerance of the European corn borer,Ostrinia nubilalis, to the phototoxin-terthienyl was investigated by measuring the midgut polysubstrate monooxygenases and glutathioneS-transferase activities.-Terthienyl administered in the diet to the corn borers increased the level of cytochromeb ₅, NADH-cytochromec reductase,O-demethylase, and glutathioneS-transferase activities. The induced detoxification enzyme activities should enable the corn borer to metabolize-terthienyl more efficiently and therefore render the corn borer highly tolerant to-terthienyl.     

玉米种皮膳食纤维对面团流变学特性及饺子皮品质的影响

采用粉质仪和拉伸仪研究了不同添加量玉米种皮膳食纤维面团的粉质拉伸特性和质构特性,采用物性测试仪(TPA)研究了不同添加量玉米种皮膳食纤维对制作的生饺子皮和熟饺子皮质构的影响.结果表明:玉米种皮膳食纤维的添加,使面团的吸水率增大、形成时间与稳定时间显著延长、弱化度下降;使面团的拉伸曲线面积、抗拉伸阻力和拉伸比例增大,面团延伸性变小;使生饺子皮硬度和黏附性减小,其弹性、内聚性、胶凝性、咀嚼性和回复性增大,熟饺子皮黏附性减小,硬度、弹性、胶凝性、咀嚼性和回复性增大,内聚性基本不变.     

我国玉米供需曲线估测与市场预测

通过两阶段最小二乘法估测了我国玉米供需曲线,并预测未来两年均衡价格和净进口量.研究发现影响我国玉米供给的因素有玉米价格、大豆价格、技术进步和成灾率,影响我国玉米需求的因素有玉米价格、小麦价格、人均国内生产总值和总人口;预测未来两年我国玉米价格和净进口量都将呈上升趋势,我国将成为玉米净进口国.     

奶牛生物（活菌）饲料的研究

以酒精糟、白酒糟、碎玉米、啤酒糟等为原料,添加尿素、（NH4）2SO4及营养液F,采用“液体种子培养,多菌种混合固态发酵技术”生产奶牛生物（活菌）饲料。饲料粗蛋白平均含量36．55％、提高率1635％;酵母菌、有效细菌总数及活菌率分别为：7．85×10^8个g、7．11×10^9个,g和82．2％;β-淀粉酶1356mg／（g．h）、纤维素酶168um／（g．h）、中性蛋白酶1088ug／（g．min）、碱性蛋白酶372ug/（g·min）、糖化酶110u／（g．h）;VA80IU／（100g）、VB：2．35mg／（100g）、VD2945IU／（100g）、VC1．1mg／（100g）、烟酸10．7mg／（100g）。     

响应面法优化玉米麸质水中醇溶蛋白提取工艺

采用响应面法优化从玉米麸质水沉淀中提取醇溶蛋白的工艺.结果表明:在乙醇体积分数为74.5%,提取温度为68℃,液料比为7.5∶1(V/W),提取时间为30 min时,醇溶蛋白的提取率最高达82.17%,纯度为87.66%.与从玉米蛋白粉中提取玉米醇溶蛋白相比,该工艺能显著地缩短提取时间,降低生产成本.