美国混凝土硫酸盐侵蚀试验方法评析

指出混凝土硫酸盐侵蚀破坏的本质与其暴露条件如持续浸泡、干湿交替、溶液pH值、质量分数和温度相关．在阐明混凝土硫酸盐侵蚀反应类型和侵蚀机理的基础上，分析实验室5种硫酸盐试验加速途径，评述美国现行5种硫酸盐侵蚀试验方法，指出现行硫酸盐侵蚀试验方法，在测试时间、侵蚀破坏指标、多因素分析和模拟现场侵蚀破坏的有效性方面需要改进．     

一个稳健的用于HDR图像的相机响应函数标定算法

在Mitsunaga和Nayar给出的多项式模型的基础上,增加了图像亮度为0映射到场景亮度也为0的限制条件,并改进了迭代结束条件,所得到的新的标定算法可以使用多张不同曝光度的图像来标定相机响应函数,不同曝光度可以通过改变相机的光圈大小和曝光时间长短来得到.文中所述算法可以自动估计并最后求得精确的曝光度比,省略了原有算法需要输入曝光度比估计值的步骤.算法得到了相机响应函数后,可用多张不同曝光度的图像合成高动态范围的图像.和原有算法相比,此算法的稳健性得到了很大提高,实验表明它对所选的所有输入图像都能收敛,并且得到最优解.     

海洋赤潮生物图像实时采集系统

介绍了一种海洋赤潮生物图像实时采集系统,该系统为海洋赤潮生物监测系统的重要组成部分.该系统主要由流式系统和高速CCD图像采集系统构成,通过蠕动泵控制海水样品的流速,采用微控制器控制CCD拍摄图像的曝光时间,达到对高速运动的赤潮生物图像的清晰实时采集.该系统为监测和计算海洋赤潮生物及其浓度提供了一种有效的途径.     

Review of Protecting Children from Domestic Violence: Strategies for Community Intervention.

Reviews the book Protecting children from domestic violence: Strategies for community intervention, edited by Peter J. Jaffe, Linda L. Baker, and Alison J. Cunningham (see record 2005-04430-000). The book emerged from the International Conference on Children Exposed to Domestic Violence that was held in London, Ontario in 2001. It begins with an excellent chapter by Jeffrey Edleson synthesizing the literature on the impact of exposure to domestic violence on children. Edleson's chapter is followed by two papers examining emerging assessments and treatment programs. The second section of the book addresses current thinking about individual and group intervention approaches. The third section of the book examines broader system level responses, including public awareness and school-based campaigns, as well as responses by the courts and police. This is a well-organized collection of papers that provides a good overview of the state of knowledge and innovative practice in an emerging field of practice. Protecting Children from Domestic Violence provides practitioners, policy makers, and researchers with an excellent overview of current knowledge and practices in working with children exposed to domestic violence. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Perceived Facial Expressions of Emotion as Motivational Incentives: Evidence From a Differential Implicit Learning Paradigm.

Participants (N = 216) were administered a differential implicit learning task during which they were trained and tested on 3 maximally distinct 2nd-order visuomotor sequences, with sequence color serving as discriminative stimulus. During training, 1 sequence each was followed by an emotional face, a neutral face, and no face, using backward masking. Emotion (joy, surprise, anger), face gender, and exposure duration (12 ms, 209 ms) were varied between participants; implicit motives were assessed with a picture-story exercise. For power-motivated individuals, low-dominance facial expressions enhanced and high-dominance expressions impaired learning. For affiliation-motivated individuals, learning was impaired in the context of hostile faces. These findings did not depend on explicit learning of fixed sequences or on awareness of sequence-face contingencies. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

非线性疲劳损伤累积理论研究

为解决两级载荷作用下的材料常在损伤值不为一时破坏的问题，在原有常用疲劳累积理论的基础上，避开等效损伤，并考虑加载顺序、领域潜在损伤和损伤的非线性对材料疲劳寿命的影响，建立了一种非线性疲劳损伤累积模型及其计算公式，并利用两种材料疲劳实验数据，通过该模型预测了它们疲劳寿命，所得结果符合实际，证明了该模型及其计算公式对材料进行寿命预测是可行的．     

坡面非均匀沙起动规律研究

文章根据细颗粒泥沙起动特点 ,在坡面泥沙受力分析中 ,考虑了粘着力的作用 ,采用目前国内普遍使用的暴露度概念来反映非均匀沙的荫暴作用 ,将统计方法得到的暴露度引用到泥沙的起动公式中。采用滚动模式建立了坡面粘性非均匀泥沙的起动公式 ,并用试验资料进行了验证。通过试验资料验证的结果表明 ,在坡面粘性泥沙的起动中 ,考虑暴露度和粘性是合理的。     

锌及锌覆盖层户外大气暴露腐蚀行为的研究

户外大气暴露腐蚀造成了损失巨大,研究其腐蚀行为与规律意义重大.通过户外大气暴露腐蚀数据统计分析及腐蚀产物分析,确定了影响锌及锌覆盖层在我国典型地区大气暴露腐蚀行为的最主要的环境因子,在腐蚀动力学、腐蚀机理、腐蚀产物等方面系统研究了锌及锌覆盖层在我国典型地区的大气腐蚀规律.结果表明,相对湿度、SO2、Cl-是影响锌及锌覆盖层在北京、武汉、江津、广州典型地区大气腐蚀行为的主要环境因子.锌及锌覆盖层在上述典型地区大气腐蚀动力学以线性为特征,且腐蚀速率:江津＞广州＞武汉＞北京,与这些地区在试验时间SO2沉积率大小排列次序(江津＞广州＞武汉＞北京)相对应.锌及锌覆盖层在上述典型地区大气暴露主要腐蚀产物为:Zn4SO4(OH)6·5H2O,另含有少量Zn5Cl2(OH)8·H2O及Zn4Cl2(OH)4SO4·5H2O.     

Cognitive Trauma Therapy for Battered Women With PTSD (CTT-BW).

This article describes a second treatment-outcome study of cognitive trauma therapy for battered women with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD; CTT-BW). CTT-BW includes trauma history exploration: PTSD education; stress management; exposure to abuse and abuser reminders; self-monitoring of negative self-talk; cognitive therapy for guilt; and modules on self-advocacy, assertiveness, and how to identify perpetrators. One hundred twenty-five ethnically diverse women were randomly assigned to immediate or delayed CTT-BW. PTSD remitted in 87% of women who completed CTT-BW, with large reductions in depression and guilt and substantial increases in self-esteem. White and ethnic minority women benefited equally from CTT-BW. Similar treatment outcomes were obtained by male and female therapists and by therapists with different levels of education and training. Gains were maintained at 3- and 6-month follow-ups. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

A Comparison of Narrative Exposure Therapy, Supportive Counseling, and Psychoeducation for Treating Posttraumatic Stress Disorder in an African Refugee Settlement.

Little is known about the usefulness of psychotherapeutic approaches for traumatized refugees who continue to live in dangerous conditions. Narrative exposure therapy (NET) is a short-term approach based on cognitive-behavioral therapy and testimony therapy. The efficacy of narrative exposure therapy was evaluated in a randomized controlled trial. Sudanese refugees living in a Ugandan refugee settlement (N = 43) who were diagnosed as suffering from posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) either received 4 sessions of NET, 4 sessions of supportive counseling (SC), or psychoeducation (PE) completed in 1 session. One year after treatment, only 29% of the NET participants but 79% of the SC group and 80% of the PE group still fulfilled PTSD criteria. These results indicate that NET is a promising approach for the treatment of PTSD for refugees living in unsafe conditions. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)