马铃薯渣脱水技术研究

选用马铃薯渣的水分含量为91.42%,添加不同的脱水剂,采用正交试验优化生产条件.结果表明,采用L16(215)正交试验,确定马铃薯渣脱水最佳生产工艺,即含水量为88.91%(见正交试验结果)的马铃薯渣中添加氧化钙1.77%,氢氧化钠0.035%,氯化钠0.88%.马铃薯渣由糊状形成分散的固体颗粒所需时间最短,并可提高马铃薯渣的贮藏期和利用价值.     

Effect of repeated compaction of tablets on tablet properties and work of compaction using an instrumented laboratory tablet press

The repeated compaction of Avicel PH101, dicalcium phosphate dihydrate (DCP) powder, 50:50 DCP/Avicel PH101 and Starch 1500 was studied using an instrumented laboratory tablet press which measures upper punch force, punch displacement and ejection force and operates using a V-shaped compression profile. The measurement of work compaction was demonstrated, and the test materials were ranked in order of compaction behaviour Avicel PH101?>?DCP/Avicel PH101?>?Starch?>?DCP. The behaviour of the DCP/Avicel PH101 mixture was distinctly non-linear compared with the pure components. Repeated compaction and precompression had no effect on the tensile fracture strength of Avicel PH101 tablets, although small effects on friability and disintegration time were seen. Repeated compaction and precompression reduced the tensile strength and the increased disintegration time of the DCP tablets, but improved the strength and friability of Starch 1500 tablets. Based on the data reported, routine laboratory measurement of tablet work of compaction may have potential as a critical quality attribute of a powder blend for compression. The instrumented press was suitable for student use with minimal supervisor input.     

2,6-二氯苯腈合成方法研究

研究了一种合成2,6-二氯苯腈的新方法,优化出合成反应的最佳条件。     

Three-dimensional periodic structures of gold nanoclusters in the interstices of sub-100 nm polymer particles toward surface-enhanced Raman scattering

Regularly ordered polymer nanoparticle (PNP) assemblies incorporating gold nanoparticle (Au NP) clusters into the PNP interstices were fabricated by a simultaneous deposition of PNPs and Au NPs on a glass substrate. Monodisperse PNPs with an average size of 66 nm were employed as a template in the co-assembly to create the sub-100 nm periodic Au nanostructures on the substrate. First, mono-layering of PNP array with incorporation of 14 nm Au NPs was performed by a drop-casting to examine the number ratio of Au NPs to PNPs for multi-layering. Absorption spectra of the mono-layered co-assemblies of PNPs and Au NPs were employed to characterize the clustered state of Au NPs in the interstices of mono-layered PNPs. The number ratio suitable for homogeneous incorporation of Au NPs clustered in the interstice was found to be ranged from 6 to 8 in the characterization. Then, multi-layered co-assemblies of PNPs and clustered Au NPs were fabricated by a vertical deposition method with the Au NP number ratio of 8 to PNPs. Lifting rate of the substrate on which the PNPs were deposited was varied in the vertical deposition method to tune the film thickness of NP co-assembly. A decrease in the lifting rate to 1 μm/s could thicken the film to 0.71 μm corresponding to 13 layers of PNPs, resulting in the fabrication of periodic structures of Au NP clusters with a high packing density. Signal-to-noise ratio in the Raman measurement using p-mercaptobenzoic acid as a target molecule was successfully enhanced by multi-layering of the co-assembly, indicating that Au NP clusters were homogeneously incorporated into the interstices of PNPs in the co-assemblies.     

二水硫酸钙在铵盐溶液中溶解度测定及热力学计算

利用溶解法测定了二水硫酸钙(CaSO4×2H2O)在NH4Cl-H2O体系和NH4Cl-(NH4)2SO4-H2O体系中298.15~343.15 K温度范围内的溶解度. 结果表明,CaSO4×2H2O在2个体系中的溶解度均随NH4Cl浓度增加而增大;温度对CaSO4×2H2O的溶解度影响不明显. 利用混合电解质NRTL模型对实验数据进行模拟计算,得到了新的能量相互作用参数,建立了CaSO4×2H2O(s)-NH4Cl-(NH4)2SO4-H2O体系的混合电解质模型,计算值与实验值相对偏差为2.36%.     

石膏型卤水体系硫酸钙结晶过程研究

石膏型卤水体系真空蒸发制备NaCl过程中,CaSO4.2H2O对NaCl产品的纯度影响较大。研究了石膏型卤水体系中CaSO4.2H2O的结晶过程。实验研究了搅拌速率、停留时间、晶种量、温度等条件对石膏型卤水体系二水硫酸钙结晶过程的影响。研究结果表明:晶体的粒度开始随搅拌速率的增大不断增大,当搅拌速率达250 r/min时,晶体粒度达到最大值77.24μm;晶体粒度同样开始时随停留时间的增大而增大,当停留时间为120 min时达到最大值,此时平均粒径为70.39μm。CaSO4.2H2O晶体粒度随晶种量的增加而减小;在40℃～70℃范围内,晶体粒度开始随温度的升高而增大,在60℃时达到最大值,此时晶体的平均粒径为70.39μm,随后随温度的升高晶体的粒度逐渐降低。采用正交实验确定了石膏型卤水体系对二水硫酸钙生长影响的最佳实验条件为:温度为70℃、搅拌速率为250 r/min,停留时间为120 min,晶种量为3 g。此时的晶体的线生长速率为2.508×10-9 m/s。     

甲醇脱水制二甲醚工艺研究

介绍二甲醚的用途，根据甲醇脱水制二甲醚反应的特点，编制了一个规模为5000t／a两塔流程的甲醇气相催化脱水制二甲醚工艺。模拟后得到了一套数据，每吨二甲醚消耗甲醇的定额为1．414t。     

高速纸机靴形压榨压区摩擦状态的分析

介绍了高速造纸机靴形压榨的结构和工作原理,针对压区的实际摩擦情况,分析了在压榨力作用下靴套与靴板之间的摩擦状态,分析结果对进一步研究靴形压榨的脱水性能、工作状态和结构设计有很好的参考价值。     

浅谈制氢装置露点合格率的控制

介绍影响氢气露点合格率的几个主要因素,通过优化操作和技术改造,提高装置的露点合格率。避免装置因露点不合格带水冻线的事故发生。     

KM250/1600快速隔膜压滤机在钱家营选煤厂的应用

在主要工艺流程改造后,开滦集团钱家营矿选煤厂原有的七台板框式压滤机不能满足生产需要。因此,选煤厂引进了两台KM250/1600型快速高效隔膜压滤机以提高压滤车间的处理能力。本文介绍了该设备的主要特点以及在选煤厂的实际应用效果。