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41.
Ali A. Moazzami Stefanie L. Haese Afaf Kamal‐Eldin 《European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology》2007,109(10):1022-1027
Sesame seed (Sesamum indicum L.) is a rich source of furofuran lignans with a wide range of potential biological activities. The major lignans in sesame seeds are the oil‐soluble sesamin and sesamolin, as well as glucosides of sesaminol and sesamolinol that reside in the defatted sesame flour. Upon refining of sesame oil, acid‐catalyzed transformation of sesamin to episesamin and of sesamolin to epimeric sesaminols takes place, making the profile of refined sesame oils different from that of virgin oils. In this study, the total lignan content of 14 sesame seeds ranged between 405 and 1178 mg/100 g and the total lignan content in 14 different products, including tahini, ranged between 11 and 763 mg/100 g. The content of sesamin and sesamolin in ten commercial virgin and roasted sesame oils was in the range of 444–1601 mg/100 g oil. In five refined sesame oils, sesamin ranged between 118 and 401 mg/100 g seed, episesamin between 12 and 206 mg/100 g seed, and the total contents of sesaminol epimers between 5 and 35 mg/100 g seed, and no sesamolin was found. Thus, there is a great variation in the types and amounts of lignans in sesame seeds, seed products and oils. This knowledge is important for nutritionists working on resolving the connection between diet and health. Since the consumption of sesame seed products is increasing steadily in Europe and USA, it is important to include sesame seed lignans in databases and studies pertinent to the nutritional significance of antioxidants and phytoestrogens. It is also important to differentiate between virgin, roasted and refined sesame oils. 相似文献
42.
Tetsuo Sato Yasuhiro Takahata Takahiro Noda Takashi Yanagisawa Toshikazu Morishita Shinji Sakai 《Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society》1995,72(10):1177-1183
Determination of the fatty acid composition of sunflower (Helianthus annua L.) seeds by near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy was examined. Sunflower seeds were husked (removed from their hulls by a husking
machine or manually with a knife). NIR spectra of these seeds were scanned from 1100 to 2500 nm at 2-nm intervals in a whole-grain
cell with a wideangle moving drawer for machine-husked seeds or in a single-grain cup for a manually husked single-grain seed.
The extracted oils from machine-husked seeds also were scanned by sandwiching them between a pair of slide glasses to create
a thin layer and by placing them on a syrup cup. For extracted oil, the absorption band around 1720 nm filled out to the shorter
wavelength region in the NIR second-derivative spectra as the percentage of the linoleic acid moiety increased, because linoleic
acid absorbs in this region. On the other hand, for husked seeds and for a single-grain seed, as the percentage of linoleic
acid increased, the trough at 1724 nm where oleic and saturated acids absorb decreased in the second-derivative NIR spectra.
Determination of the fatty acid composition of sunflower seeds could be carried out successfully according to the NIR spectral
pattern for both extracted oil (r=−0.989) and kernel seed (r=−0.993). This is important, especially for a manually husked
single-grain seed (r=−0.971), because it can still be germinated after such nondestructive analysis. 相似文献
43.
G.?Perretti E.?Finotti S.?Adamuccio R.?Della Sera L.?MontanariEmail author 《Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society》2004,81(12):1119-1123
The aim of the present study was to highlight the main differences between seed oils produced from conventionally cultivated
crops and organically cultivated ones and processed using mild extraction procedures. The composition and the nutritional
and health aspects of both types of sunflower seed oils were compared and were analytically tested to determine the macroscopic
differences in proximate composition, the main differences in the minor components, the main quality parameters, the in vitro antioxidant activity, and the presence of trans-ethylene steroisomers in FA. No significant trends were found in the oil samples for TAG and FA composition, but remarkable
differences were found in the composition of minor components and in the main chemical and analytical quality properties.
The organically grown samples had a higher total antioxidant activity compared with the conventional samples. Trans FA were found only in the conventional oils. 相似文献
44.
H. Sun D. Wiesenborn P. Rayas-Duarte A. Mohamed K. Hagen 《Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society》1995,72(12):1551-1555
Amaranth seed (Amaranthus hypochondriacus cv. K432) was processed to obtain oil, reported to be a promising source of squalene. The amaranth seed was ground using
a stone mill, then separated into oil-rich embryonic tissue (or “bran”) and starchy perisperm. Amaranth bran was much more
stable than rice bran when free fatty acid (FFA) content and peroxide value were monitored. Milling at a gap of 0.755 mm did
not result in excessive damage to the starch in the perisperm fraction and yielded a bran fraction that contained more than
three-fourths of the oil and a starchy fraction consisting of more than two-thirds of the seed weight. The bran particles
were too fine for effective bench-scale extraction of the oil. Consequently the bran was extruded into collects prior to extraction.
Two extrusion settings were evaluated regarding the rate of moisture injection, while the bran feed rates were constant. There
was no significant difference in appearance or size between the two dried collets. Collets were extracted with hexane using
an Armfield Extraction/Desolventizing Unit (Model FT 29, Armfield, Ltd., Hampshire, England). Oil recovery averaged 97.7 and
80.0%, respectively. Oil was extracted at high yield from the bran when the bran was extruded into collets. Oil can be obtained
as a coproduct of amaranth starch by milling and separating the fractions of amaranth seed. Milling, extrusion, and extraction
did not decrease significantly the squalene content in amaranth oil, but increased FFA content and peroxide value and changed
tocopherol content of the oil. 相似文献
45.
目的选育Vero细胞森林脑炎疫苗适应毒种。方法将森林脑炎疫苗鼠脑病毒“森张”株在Vero细胞上连续传代适应,并对不同代次收获的病毒液的病毒滴度、免疫原性、稳定性等进行检测。结果“森张”株病毒在Vero细胞上传代适应后,病毒滴度达8·5LgLD50/ml;免疫血清中和抗体效价高于1∶20,其它检测项目均符合疫苗生产用毒种的要求。结论Vero细胞适应的“森张”株毒种的初步特性显示可作为制备Vero细胞森林脑炎疫苗用毒种。 相似文献
46.
47.
以过硫酸铵为引发剂,十二烷基硫酸钠为乳化剂,采用种子聚合工艺,合成了偏氯乙烯质量分数为23%~43%的羧基偏氯乙烯丁苯胶乳。通过电镜观察到所合成的胶乳粒子具有核-壳结构。通过测定胶闰子表面层的羧基数量,研究了羧基的分布,结果表明,羧酸种类对羧基在胶乳粒子中及在聚合体系中的分布有重要影响,该胶乳作为地毯背衬粘合剂,具有粘合力高,极限氧指数高的特点,是一种较好的阻燃性粘合剂。 相似文献
48.
互联网的迅速发展与网络服务的高度分散,促使广大网民不断注册更多的账户,并导致口令重用行为普遍化,使得用户信息面临泄露的风险。为此,基于2011年底互联网泄密门数据和大学生在线调查数据,分析了网民口令的结构特征和重用行为,并由此设计融入信息维度和分级管理思想的多维口令体系。该体系以根口令-重用码结构为基础,内容维包含多个独立的信息因子,构成口令的可记忆性主体;形式维负责形式变换,以提升口令的复杂性和安全性;时空维用于保障口令的时效性和重用性。对比量化分析结果表明,该口令体系具备良好的记忆性和便捷性,能有效抵御暴力攻击和熟人攻击。 相似文献
49.
50.
S.?M.?NolascoEmail author L.?A.?N.?Aguirrezábal G.?H.?Crapiste 《Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society》2004,81(11):1045-1051
Tocopherols are natural antioxidants that increase the stability of fat-containing foods and perform important biological
activities. Significant variations (389 to 1873 μg g oil−1) in the total tocopherol concentration of sunflower seed oil have been reported. The main objectives of this work were to
determine the influence of intercepted photosynthetically active radiation on tocopherol concentration during seed filling
and to establish and validate relationships between tocopherol concentration in oil and other quality variables of the seed.
Seven sunflower hybrids were grown under good water and nutritional conditions in two similar experiments carried out in two
contrasting environments. Treatments were applied to modify the amount of radiation intercepted per plant during seed filling
in order to obtain a range in oil yield per plant and its components. Greater per plant intercepted radiation decreased the
tocopherol concentration in oil. Tocopherol concentration decreased when oil weight per seed increased. Tocopherol concentration
stabilized for oil weight per seed higher than 23 mg oil seed−1. This exponential relationship accounted for 73% of the variability in tocopherol concentration (507 to 1203 μg g oil−1) despite differences in hull type, locations, hybrids, and radiation treatments. The proposed relationship acceptably predicted
independent results. Crop management techniques could lead to seeds with greater concentrations of tocopherols. 相似文献