澳大利亚煤层气产出水管理政策及反渗透技术的应用

澳大利亚对煤层气开发项目的环境保护要求十分严格,具有许多的相关法规,对产出水的处理要求严格,政府对产出水的管理政策指出了优先及非优先的水处理途径,ANZECC指南明确规定了灌溉及牲畜用水的TDS及SAR要求,为产出水处理方式的选择及处理程度提供了导向作用。本文结合澳大利亚煤层气项目的实际水处理情况对反渗透(RO)技术进行了探讨,以期对澳大利亚及国内外煤层气项目产出水的合理处理提供一定的借鉴作用。     

Personal privacy through understanding and action: five pitfalls for designers

To participate in meaningful privacy practice in the context of technical systems, people require opportunities to understand the extent of the systems alignment with relevant practice and to conduct discernible social action through intuitive or sensible engagement with the system. It is a significant challenge to design for such understanding and action through the feedback and control mechanisms of todays devices. To help designers meet this challenge, we describe five pitfalls to beware when designing interactive systems—on or off the desktop—with personal privacy implications. These pitfalls are: (1) obscuring potential information flow, (2) obscuring actual information flow, (3) emphasizing configuration over action, (4) lacking coarse-grained control, and (5) inhibiting existing practice. They are based on a review of the literature, on analyses of existing privacy-affecting systems, and on our own experiences in designing a prototypical user interface for managing privacy in ubiquitous computing. We illustrate how some existing research and commercial systems—our prototype included—fall into these pitfalls and how some avoid them. We suggest that privacy-affecting systems that heed these pitfalls can help users appropriate and engage them in alignment with relevant privacy practice.

Middleware benchmarking: approaches,results, experiences

The report summarizes the results of the Workshop on Middleware Benchmarking held during OOPSLA 2003. The goal of the workshop was to help advance the current practice of gathering performance characteristics of middleware implementations through benchmarking. The participants of the workshop have focused on identifying requirements of and obstacles to middleware benchmarking and forming a position on the related issues. Selected requirements and obstacles are presented, together with guidelines to adhere to when benchmarking, open issues of current practice, and perspectives on further research. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

新时代乡村绿化美化的美学途径与科学导则

城市化对中国乡村建设的审美标准和发展模式影响深远,新时代背景下必须对乡村绿化美化进行科学、正确的引导。立足新时代背景分析乡村绿化美化的战略意义和理论逻辑,结合理论与实践研究提出其靶向在"乡村"、基础是"绿化"、重点是"美化"、要点是"产业"。基于传统人居美学思想,对乡村三大功能区的各组成元素开展绿化美化建设,保护乡村整体景观风貌的原真性、增加生态保育区生态绿量、提升居住生活区景观品质、拓展经济发展区绿色产业。科学推进乡村绿化美化发展,需要组建专业团队,建立科学理论;鼓励学科交叉,探索科学方法;加强顶层设计,推进科学规划;强化技术支撑,把握科学途径;推进试点工作,提炼科学范例。