硬脂酸单乙醇酰胺聚氧乙烯醚葡萄糖苷的制备及表征

以硬脂酸、单乙醇胺、环氧乙烷、葡萄糖为原料制备了硬脂酸单乙醇酰胺聚氧乙烯醚糖苷类系列产物,中间产物和目标产物结构经IR、1HNMR表征。标题系列化合物在国内外属首次合成,是高档的非离子表面活性剂。     

单乙醇胺磷酸酯的合成

以乙醇胺、磷酸为原料,经酯化反应合成了单乙醇胺磷酸酯。研究了影响反应的因素,优化了反应条件。酯化反应的最优条件为:n(乙醇胺)∶n(磷酸)=1.0∶1.4,回流反应5 h。经减压蒸馏除去溶剂癸烷得粗产品,收率达94.0%。再用90%乙醇纯化得目标产品。回收率95.0%。对目标产品进行熔点测定、元素分析和红外光谱表征,可确认该产品为标题化合物。该产品长期依赖进口,该方法已扩大试验,有待实现工业化。     

米糠油酸单乙醇酰胺磺基琥珀酸单酯盐的合成及性能

以米糠油甲酯为原料，采用正交试验法，优化了酰胺化、酯化的工艺，筛选出自制酯化催化剂Ct1，制得了透明、浅褐色的米糠油酸单乙醇酰胺磺基琥珀酸单酯二钠盐（ROMS）溶液。其固体物的质量分数为25％，活性物质量分数为18％。活性物质量分数为0．2％的水溶液的表面张力为34．73mN/m，去污率为28．78％。     

Degradation of alkanolamine blends by carbon dioxide

Aqueous solutions of MDEA, MDEA + DEA and MDEA + MEA containing 4.2 kmol/m³ total amine, were contacted with CO₂ at a partial pressure of 2.58 MPa and temperatures ranging from 120 to 180°C, in a stainless steel batch reactor. The reaction products include the known degradation compounds of the amines as well as products formed from secondary interactions in the amine blends. The rate of degradation was first order in the amines and, in magnitude, followed the sequence MDEA < MEA < DEA. Furthermore, the rate constant for MDEA was independent of amine substitution level and blend constituents. From a practical standpoint, MDEA + DEA blends would require frequent DEA make-up to maintain treating efficiency.     

胺法脱碳系统流程改进及优化模拟

采用一乙醇胺(MEA)进行燃煤电厂烟气脱碳是目前比较成熟和可行的技术,但是存在再生能耗高的严重缺陷。胺法脱碳系统流程改进及优化能有效降低再生能耗。应用Aspen Plus软件基于速率模型对传统胺法脱碳流程及其改进流程进行模拟研究。这些改进的流程包括吸收塔中间冷却流程、富液分流流程、贫液蒸汽再压缩流程、分流流程及富液分流与贫液蒸汽再压缩整合流程。研究结果表明:富液分流与贫液蒸汽再压缩整合流程节能效果最好,和传统流程相比再生能耗及等量功分别下降28.2%和11.9%。节能效果其次的是富液分流流程,再生能耗和等量功分别下降19.3%和11.8%。贫液蒸汽再压缩流程使再生能耗下降了14.1%,而等量功只下降了4.1%。吸收塔中间冷却流程和分流流程节能效果比较有限。     

Integrated adsorption and absorption process for post-combustion CO2 capture

This study explored the feasibility of integrating an adsorption and solvent scrubbing process for post-combustion CO₂ capture from a coal-fired power plant. This integrated process has two stages: the first is a vacuum swing adsorption (VSA) process using activated carbon as the adsorbent, and the second stage is a solvent scrubber/stripper system using monoethanolamine (30 wt-%) as the solvent. The results showed that the adsorption process could enrich CO₂ in the flue gas from 12 to 50 mol-% with a CO₂ recovery of >90%, and the concentrated CO₂ stream fed to the solvent scrubber had a significantly lower volumetric flowrate. The increased CO₂ concentration and reduced feed flow to the absorption section resulted in significant reduction in the diameter of the solvent absorber, bringing the size of the absorber from uneconomically large to readily achievable domain. In addition, the VSA process could also remove most of the oxygen initially existed in the feed gas, alleviating the downstream corrosion and degradation problems in the absorption section. The findings in this work will reduce the technical risks associated with the state-of-the art solvent absorption technology for CO₂ capture and thus accelerate the deployment of such technologies to reduce carbon emissions.     

Chemical modification of crosslinked phenyl acrylate copolymers with monoethanolamine

Copolymerisation of phenyl methacrylate, 4-chlorophenyl acrylate, 4-nitrophenyl acrylate and 2,4,6-tribromophenyl acrylate with divinyl benzene was carried out in aqueous suspension medium at 80°C using benzoyl peroxide as radical initiator. The resulting beaded copolymers were characterised by FTIR. optical and scanning electron microscopy. Polymer analogue reactions of these particulate copolymers with monoethanolamine were carried out at 60.80 and 100°C in dimethyl sulphoxide as solvent. The progress of the reactions was followed by observing the disappearance of phenyl ester carbonyl absorption at 1750 cm⁻¹ and the appearance of 1650cm⁻¹ vibration corresponding to the characteristic amide carbonyl. The percentage conversions were calculated, and the effect of polar substituents in the phenyl acrylates as well as temperature on the reaction are discussed.