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41.
纯胶酯化反应条件的优化 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
通过正交试验探讨了纯胶生产中酯化反应的工艺参数,试验结果表明:反应体系的pH值对取代度的影响最大,反应时间对取代度的影响最小;反应时间12h,反应温度为35℃,pH为8、5,淀粉乳质量分数为35%时反应效果比较理想。 相似文献
42.
以壳聚糖和辛烯基琥珀酸木薯淀粉酯(OSCS)为主要成膜基质,甘油为增塑剂、纳米ZnO为增强剂,研究不同OSCS/壳聚糖质量比对薄膜的性能变化。首先制备采用石油醚脱脂和碱法提取木薯淀粉,随后将木薯淀粉改性成OSCS。使用溶液共混法制膜,将壳聚糖溶液、OSCS糊化液及纳米ZnO均质混合,然后超声脱气,烘干成膜。分析不同OSCS/壳聚糖质量比对复合膜力学性能、吸水性、水蒸气透过系数和不透明度的影响。当OSCS/壳聚糖的质量比为1:1时,所得膜的力学性能最佳,抗拉强度为13.85 MPa,断裂伸长率为46.57%。吸水性和水蒸气透过系数随着OSCS和壳聚糖的质量比增加呈现上升的趋势,不透明度呈现先下降后上升的趋势,而OSCS/壳聚糖质量比为1.5:1时不透明度最低为1.56 A/mm。红外光谱证明不同OSCS/壳聚糖质量比的薄膜只是通过简单的物理混合,并无新化学键的产生,并且OSCS/壳聚糖的质量比为1:1时,热性能最佳,玻璃态转化温度最高为102.03 ℃。综合研究,OSCS/壳聚糖的质量比为1:1,整体性能较优,为辛烯基琥珀酸淀粉酯与多糖类复合提供理论基础。 相似文献
43.
44.
介绍了生物可降解材料脂肪族/芳香族共聚酯聚对苯二甲酸-共-丁二酸丁二醇酯(PBST)的合成工艺技术及基本性能,综述了近年来国内外PBST的研究现状和产业化现状。PBST的合成工艺主要是酯交换法和直接酯化法,酯交换法原料成本高、副产物分离较难、合成的PBST相对分子质量低;直接酯化法可以得到纯度较高的PBST,副产物只有四氢呋喃,现已成为合成PBST的主流工艺。PBST具有良好的生物可降解性,与聚对苯二甲酸-己二酸丁二醇酯(PBAT)的性能相近,在耐热性、拉伸强度、透水率方面性能更优。国外PBST没有批量化商业产品,国内PBST工程化技术开发和产业化推广方面拥有了自主知识产权,可以利用PBAT生产装置通过工艺调整进行生产。国内PBST产业化主要受原料丁二酸(SA)的制约,今后的研发重点是加强PBST合成、应用技术的开发,开发高效环保的SA生产方法。 相似文献
45.
乙酰化淀粉/PBS制备生物降解塑料的研究 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
以玉米淀粉为原料,以醋酸酐为乙酰化试剂,氢氧化钠为催化剂,利用微波辐射技术制得乙酰化淀粉。用制备的乙酰化淀粉与聚丁二酸丁二醇酯(PBS)共混,制备了可生物降解热塑性淀粉塑料。研究了共混物制备的最佳工艺条件及其力学性能、生物降解性能及吸水性能,并对产物进行了红外光谱结构分析和表面电镜扫描分析。 相似文献
46.
In this work, poly(butylene succinates) (PBS)/organically modified layered silicates (OMLS) composites were prepared by solution
blending. The degradability of PBS, PBS/layered silicates and PBS/OMLS nanocomposites have been investigated using enzymatic
degradation method. Effects of layered silicates and OMLS contents on the degradation behavior of PBS were explored. The results
reveal that the degradability of the composites was both enhanced by the addition of layered silicates or OMLS as compared
to the pristine PBS sample. The calculated data based on the autocatalytic model show that the degradation kinetics of PBS/layered
silicates composites is the chain scission process with the following autocatalytic reactions, which is very similar to that
of pure PBS matrix. On the other hand, the surface-catalyzed reaction model may be more suitable to describe the degradation
behavior of the PBS/OMLS nanocomposite. Moreover, the results show that rate-controlling step of the degradation reaction
for PBS/OMLS nanocomposite is more probable to be the desorption step. 相似文献
47.
Xianfeng Li 《Polymer》2009,50(16):4139-5464
A systematic procedure has been developed to construct a relaxed dense-phase atomistic structure of a complex amorphous polymer. The numerical procedure consists of (1) coarse graining the atomistic model of the polymer into a mesoscopic model based on an iterative algorithm for potential inversion from distribution functions of the atomistic model, (2) relaxation of the coarse-grained chain using a molecular dynamics scheme, and (3) recovery of the atomistic structure by reverse mapping based on the superposition of atomistic counterparts on the corresponding coarse-grained coordinates. These methods are demonstrated by their application to construct a relaxed, dense-phase model of poly(DTB succinate), which is an amorphous tyrosine-derived biodegradable polymer that is being developed for biomedical applications. Both static and dynamic properties from the coarse-grained and atomistic simulations are analyzed and compared. The coarse-grained model, which contains the essential features of the DTB succinate structure, successfully described both local and global structural properties of the atomistic chain. The effective speedup compared to the corresponding atomistic simulation is substantially above 102, thus enabling simulation times to reach well into the characteristic experimental regime. The computational approach for reversibly bridging between coarse-grained and atomistic models provides an efficient method to produce relaxed dense-phase all-atom molecular models of complex amorphous polymers that can subsequently be used to study and predict the atomistic-level behavior of the polymer under different environmental conditions in order to optimally design polymers for targeted applications. 相似文献
48.
Polymer composites consisting of poly(butylene succinate) (PBS) as matrix and corn starch (CS) or cellulose filler (CF) with a small amount of furfural (FR) from biomass were prepared by a hot‐pressing method at 120°C from a powder mixture. Mechanical properties of the composites' films were investigated using tensile test methods. The strain of these films was found to be developed by adding CS or CF and further improved by adding FR. The strain at break PBS with 15 wt % FR was improved by more than 16 times of that of PBS without FR. The biomass carbon ratios of polymer composites with oil‐based PBS (major component) and with biobased CS, CF, and FR were evaluated by 14C concentration ratio measured by accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) based on ASTM D6866. PBS with 40 wt % CS or CF had a biomass carbon ratio of 31 and 36%, respectively. PBS with 15 wt % FR had a biomass carbon ratio of 3.4%. This deviation was confirmed by FR content calculated from the peak area of the 1H‐NMR spectrum of PBS with FR which was 3.4%, almost the same as the biomass carbon ratio measured by AMS. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2009 相似文献
49.
50.
Polymer foam with complex cellular structure (CCS) possessing both large cell and small cell simultaneously has lower density as well as better mechanical and thermal properties than those with mono-porous cell structure, which could be applied in the fields of packaging and construction materials. In this article, organic montmorillonite (OMMT) was introduced into chain-extended poly(butylene succinate) (CPBS) through melt blending method. CCS in the resultant CPBS samples were generated in a stainless steel autoclave using supercritical CO2 as physical blowing agent by a cooling and two-step depressurization method. The crystallization temperature and crystallinity of CPBS increased by 4 °C and 2% respectively, due to the introduction of OMMT. Exfoliated structure of OMMT and some fish scale-like OMMT were observed in the CPBS/OMMT nanocomposites. The optimum range of the first depressurization between 1 and 7 MPa for fabricating the CCS in the CPBS foams with different contents of OMMT was obtained. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019 , 136, 47107 相似文献