几种复合传输线特性阻抗的计算

本文就高速光电器件微波封装提出了有希望的几种复合传输线（微带＋共面线，屏蔽微带＋共面线，微带＋不对称共面线），采用边界元法计算了它们的特性阻抗，给出了几组有工程价值的计算曲线，并讨论了实验结果。     

A scientific psychologistic foundation for theories of meaning

I propose, develop and defend the view that theories of meaning — for instance, a theory specifying the logical form or truth conditions of natural language sentences — should be naturalized to scientific psychological inquiry. This involves both psychologism — the claim that semantics characterizes psychological states — and scientific naturalism — the claim that semantics will depend on the data and theories of scientific psychology. I argue that scientific psychologism is more plausible than the traditional alternative, the view that a theory of meaning is a priori. After defending scientific psychologism against several objections, I offer a speculative proposal that shows how a theory of meaning can be integrated into scientific psychology.This essay is a descendant of part of my MIT doctoral dissertation. Thanks to Ned Block, Noam Chomsky, Jim Higginbotham and Bob Stalnaker for their comments and criticisms on earlier versions, and for helpful discussion of the issues.     

A literary guide for psychologists.

Recently, while visiting another science laboratory the author was given a glossary of phrases commonly used in scientific reports. Sure that all psychologists who read and write research reports are interested in maximizing "communication," the author cheerfully offers an abridged guide for use with psychological literature. Perhaps other psychologists can suggest additional definitions which will increase enlightenment. An example: What he said: "It has long been known that . . ." and what he meant: "I haven't bothered to look up the original reference but . . .." (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Richard Chatham Atkinson: Distinguished Scientific Contribution Awards for 1977.

Richard Chatham Atkinson was presented a Distinguished Scientific Contribution Award for combining classical methods of mathematics with emerging techniques of computer science, the best traditions of experimental psychology with new concepts of information processing, in the advancement of psychological theory and its applications. His long-term collaboration with Patrick Suppes yielded among its fruits the first extensive application of learning theory to multiperson interactions. With Richard M. Shiffrin, Atkinson developed the model that has set the pace for research on human short-term memory; with James Juola and others he developed an almost equally influential family of models for recognition and search processes. And on a quite different tack, Atkinson anticipated current demands for "relevance" with his pioneering contributions to computer-assisted instruction and optimization of learning. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

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论文发表数量是衡量作者本人、作者所在单位，乃至作者所在地区、国家的科技力量及其生产率的重要指标。通过对１９９３年我国２２种石油科技期刊上发表的１７５２篇论文的统计分析与引文研究，得出了石油科技领域论文发表数量的作者及其单位排序、著作或论文被引用次数的作者排序等结果。还计算了２２种石油科技期刊引用参考文献的半衰期，其中中文参考文献为６．０５年，外文的为１０．３６年；另外得出中文引文普赖斯指数为４０．２％，外文引文普赖斯指数为２０．４％。说明我国石油科技论文作者利用国外原文文献的能力还有待于进一步加强。     

APA participation in the science and engineering television journal.

APA "has joined with other scientific and engineering groups in a new effort in the area of scientific communication. This joint effort is a series of telecasts called the Science & Engineering Television Journal. The aim of the series is to supplement the usual communication techniques (books, journals, conferences, meetings) by television programming at a scientist-to-scientist level." 2 programs with APA Council approved participation, "Computer Simulation of Cognitive Behavior" and "Explorations in Semantic Space," have been presented. Comments and suggestions on a brief reply form mailed to psychologists in the area of the television presentations are indicated. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Unexpected partial crystallization of an amorphous polyamide as induced by combined temperature and humidity

In this study, it is presented for the first time, the characterization of an amorphous polyamide after having been subjected to humid thermal conditions such as those typically applied in the industrial sterilization of packaged foods. From a fundamental point of view, it was fortuitously found that the combination of heat and moisture, with and without the assistance of pressure, was capable of inducing some crystallization in the otherwise amorphous polymer. Characterization of the crystallization process was carried out by differential scanning calorimetry, Fourier transform infrared, and simultaneous time‐resolved small and wide angle X‐ray scattering synchrotron experiments. The crystallization of the polymer began as characterized by wide angle X‐ray scattering and differential scanning calorimetry in the presence of humidity at ～90°C and extended up to 120°C under autoclave conditions, and it is thought to be the result of heated moisture being able to disrupt the intense amide groups self‐association. Thus, the thermally activated molecular structure is thought to become plasticized by the combined presence of heat and water which, in turn, provoke sufficient segmental molecular mobility in the system to promote some degree of lateral order. Propertywise, the resulting consequences of this behavior are an increase in the barrier properties to oxygen and a reduction in water sorption. From an applied view point, it is suggested that this unexpected behavior could make this polymer of significant interest in retortable food packaging applications. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 102: 1216–1223, 2006     

Investigation of ultrasonic vibrations of wire-bonding capillaries

Ultrasonic energy is widely used in wire bonding for microelectronics packaging. It is necessary to ensure that the maximum ultrasonic vibration displacement occurs at or near the tip of the bonding tool (capillary) for optimal performance. In this study, amplitude profiles of ultrasonic vibrations along capillaries were measured with load using a laser interferometer. This provided valuable information in understanding and improving capillary performance. The method was applied to real time applications to optimize capillary designs and bonding processes for specific bonding applications. First, the application of a new capillary material with different zirconia compositions was evaluated. The new material with certain amount of zirconia composition showed that it was the capillary material of choice for ultra-fine pitch wire bonding. Next, comparative analysis was conducted to investigate the ultrasonic energy transfer of a new ‘slimline’ bottleneck and the conventional bottleneck. The actual bonding response of the molded slimline bottleneck showed comparable performance with the ground conventional bottleneck using the same bonding parameters. Finally, optimization of a 60-μm-bond-pad-pitch process was performed on a wire bonder. Within the optimized parameter ranges, the ultrasonic displacement of the capillary was monitored. For all possible combinations of bond force and bond power, the ultrasonic displacement of the capillary increased with increasing bond power, without drastic changes caused by bond force changes. This indicated that the selected process window was located in a stable region.     

斗式振动给料器在包装机上的应用

论述了斗式电磁振动给料器的设计方法,主要参数的选择,控制方式及性能等。为提高包装机械的速度提供了一定的依据。     

工程金属材料的表面纳米化技术（二）

在表面机械处理方式下，材料表面可以通过强烈塑性变形而实现纳米化，获得表面为纳米晶、晶粒尺寸沿厚度方向逐渐增大的梯度结构。表面纳米化（SNC）技术一方面能为研究形变诱发的纳米化过程和宽尺寸范围内（从微米到纳米量级）结构与性能的关系提供思路，制备理想样品；另一方面能通过纳米化显著地提高金属材料的性能，因此可望在工业上取得实际应用。文章从基本原理、制备技术、结构、性能和化学处理等方面介绍表面纳米化研究工作已取得的进展。