硅烷偶联剂的性能与应用

硅烷偶联剂是一种能够增强无机填料与树脂之间界面结合力的化学物质，在塑料的填充改性中具有十分重要的作用。介绍了硅烷偶联剂的品种、结构和性能及新型硅烷偶联剂的开发情况。论述了硅烷偶联剂的作用机理和使用方法，并对其在填充复合材料中的应用效果进行了讨论。     

耐盐雾改性苯丙乳液的合成

采用种子-半连续乳液聚合方法,以阴/非离子复合乳化剂为乳化体系,苯乙烯、丙烯酸丁酯等为共聚单体,丙烯酰胺（AM）为交联单体,环氧单体（GMA）为功能单体,硅烷偶联剂（KH-570）为偶联剂,制备了水性耐盐雾改性苯丙乳液,考察了AM、GMA、KH-570对乳液及其涂膜性能的影响.结果表明AM用量为1.0％,GMA、KH-570用量均为3.0％,涂膜交联度98.2％、吸水率7.8％、附着力1级、耐盐雾时间600h.     

典型分解炉中硅烷分解沉积速率的研究

研究在典型硅烷分解炉中硅烷分解沉积多晶硅的沉积速率。硅烷分解沉积多晶硅实验在硅棒表面温度790～900℃、炉内气压5×10^4Pa条件下,探讨硅棒温度、硅烷流速与沉积速率的关系。结果显示：沉积反应活化能53．4kJ／mol。并与真空条件下沉积硅的过程进行对比,提出在典型硅烷分解炉中提高多晶硅沉积速率的可能途径。     

硅丙乳液的合成及其吸水性的研究

以丙烯酸丁酯、甲基丙烯酸甲酯、丙烯酸、乙烯基三乙氧基硅烷(VTES)为原料,分别采用半连续法、种子预乳化法和后添加VTES法制得了硅丙乳液。研究了聚合工艺对硅丙乳液的吸水率、冻融稳定性、钙离子稳定性等的影响。结果表明,采用半连续法和种子预乳化法制得的硅丙乳液,冻融稳定性比较好,经过冻融循环后可以复原;采用半连续法制得的乳胶膜的吸水率随着乙烯基三乙氧基硅烷的用量的增加而降低;采用后添加VTES法制得的硅丙乳液,其吸水率则随VTES用量的增加而升高,冻融循环后发生破乳。     

二步法硅烷交联电缆的投资价值分析

本文重点分析了硅烷交联的工艺、设备特点及技术经济性,从不同的角度分析了投资硅烷交联生产线的可行性。     

硅烷偶联剂处理对剑麻及其复合材料性能的影响

用KH -550硅烷偶联剂对剑麻纤维 (SF)进行表面处理 ,再制备剑麻/酚醛树脂复合材料 ,研究了SF表面处理对复合材料性能的影响 ,探讨了复合体系的界面粘合性 ,并借助偏光显微镜 (POM)和扫描电子显微镜 (SEM)观察了复合材料的形态结构。结果表明 ,经过KH -550硅烷偶联剂处理后 ,复合材料的界面粘合性较好 ,提高了其综合性能。     

PPy/APS-SiO2纳米导电复合材料的合成与表征

用化学氧化聚合复合方法合成聚吡咯／二氧化硅(PPy／SiO2)纳米复合材料。首先用不同百分含量的氨丙基三乙氧基硅烷(APS)处理SiO2，然后以水为反应介质，通过化学聚合方法合成PPy／APS—SiO2纳米复合材料，并利用红外光谱、热失重、X射线光电子能谱(XPS)、透射电镜和四探针等手段进行表征。结果表明，用APS处理过的SiO2合成的复合材料PPy含量增加，且通过XPS看出PPy／APS—SiO2表面富有PPy，而PPy／SiO2表面富有SiO2。其中用1％APS—SiO2合成的复合材料电导率最高，为38．46S／cm。     

硅烷偶联剂改性玻璃纤维增强硅气凝胶的研究

为了达到增强硅气凝胶力学性能的目的,采用硅烷偶联剂KH550与KH560二步改性接枝玻璃纤维,进而制备纤维增强硅气凝胶。利用扫描电子显微镜、红外光谱仪、比表面及孔径分布仪、热重-差热分析仪、导热系数仪、电子动静态疲劳试验机等对其表征。实验结果表明：硅烷偶联剂改性玻璃纤维与硅气凝胶复合后网络结构更加均匀、骨架强度更加稳定、孔径多在30 nm以下、具有良好的热稳定性;同时,改性玻璃纤维的最佳添加量为20%（质量分数）,此时其密度为0.167 g/cm³,导热系数为0.018 5 W/（m·K）,接触角为127°,抗弯强度为1.042 MPa,抗压强度为0.669 MPa,达到预期实验目的。     

Development of a superhydrophobic polyurethane-based coating from a two-step plasma-fluoroalkyl silane treatment

A method of achieving a superhydrophobic surface based upon a highly filled polyurethane (PU) paint coating has been demonstrated through the use of a combined oxygen/argon plasma pretreatment and a fluoroalkyl silane (FAS) final treatment.The combined plasma-FAS treated PU surface has been investigated and characterised using: field emission gun secondary electron microscope (FEG-SEM); X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS); energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX); water contact angle analysis (WCA); atomic force microscopy (AFM), and; Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR).It was found that the oxygen/argon plasma treatment increased both the surface roughness (R_a) and surface free energy (SFE) of the PU paint coating from approximately 60–320 nm, and, from ~52 to ~80 mN/m respectively. It was also found that the plasma process created a multiscale roughened texture through the process of differential ablation between the PU polymer and the barium sulphate solid content, which is present in the paint as an extender, and other additives. In addition, the process also imparted favourable polar groups into the PU surface from the ionised and radical oxygen species in the plasma.When the FAS coating was subsequently applied to the PU without prior plasma treatment, there was a significant increases in water contact angles. This parameter increased from approximately 60° on untreated PU to around 130° with FAS applied. In this case, the SFE decreased to ~7.5 mN/m and showed 42.0 at% fluorine present as indicated by XPS.However, subsequently applying the FAS polymer after plasma pretreatment takes advantage of the known synergistic relationship that exists between surface roughness and low surface free energy coatings. The two processes combined to create superhydrophobicity with a surface that exhibited water contact angles up to 153.1°. With this optimised process, the apparent SFE was 0.84 mN/m with a more highly fluorinated surface present. In this case 47.2 at% surface fluorine was observed by XPS.In addition to changes in SFE, plasma treatment was also observed to alter levels of surface gloss and colour. After exposure to 600 s of plasma gloss levels are shown to reduce from values of from ~50 to ~21 (GU), with small but significant corresponding increases in the lightness and yellowness of the surface.     

金属涂装硅烷前处理技术的研究进展

评述了金属涂装硅烷前处理技术的研究进展,对其成膜与防腐机理、工艺方法以及硅烷产品的改性做了详细的介绍。新型硅烷锆盐复合产品能够显著提高纳米膜层的耐蚀性,硅烷产品与高泳透力电泳涂料配套使用能够保证涂层的性能,硅烷产品稳定性的提高使其在工业生产中得到广泛应用。