淮河与洪泽湖分离方案比较

从泄洪调蓄能力计算入手,比较了几种河湖分离方案。对比实测洪水资料并进行效益分析,指出恢复淮河干流深泓纵坡的挖深分离不仅具有可观的排涝效益,而且入海通道的泄洪效益也很显著。指出洪泽湖淤积阻力损失是淮河防洪、排涝标准过低的根本原因;科学而长远的解决方案将是入海通道泄洪、输沙、航运等综合社会经济效益最优而对环境影响最小的方案。提出了淮河与洪泽湖分离的规划研究方案和相关建议。     

宋代绘画艺术中的意境在园林景观照明中的运用——黄冈遗爱湖风景名胜区景观照明规划

遗爱湖风景名胜区位于湖北省黄冈市,是苏东坡文化节的主会场。遗爱湖虽位居城中,却保持着苏东坡谪居黄州时的原生态山水,湖岛山林、亭台水榭,无不让人仿佛身处宋风雅韵之中。风景区夜景照明规划采取了独特的＂融化在山水中的宋代绘画之光＂艺术定位,整个园区灯光从宋代山水画、风俗画、花鸟画中汲取灵感,赋予遗爱湖山水空间、园林建筑、景观小品以宋画般平淡素雅、天真清新的审美神韵,以此开创＂宋式绘画灯光＂的独特魅力。     

滨水区城市设计实践探索——长沙市滨水新城大泽湖核心区城市设计

长沙市滨水新城是长株潭“两型社会”综合配套改革试验区。本文以长沙市滨水新城大泽湖核心区城市设计实践为例,从“两型引领、城水共生”两个方面探讨滨水区城市设计特性,以期能够为滨水区的开发建设活动提供一种思路。     

杭州西湖的湖滨缓冲区风貌规划初探

杭州西湖的湖滨缓冲区对于其核心区的保护有着重要作用。本文针对目前建设中仍然存在的突出问题,通过深入分析,以景观风貌规划为先导、以建筑风貌控制为重点、以历史人文精神推广为灵魂,对其风貌规划展开了初步探究。     

Occurrence of toxic cyanobacterial blooms for the first time in Lake Karaoun,Lebanon

The increasing occurrence of cyanobacterial bloom in freshwaters worldwide is of great importance because of public health risks. In addition, they are very likely to have negative impact on ecological and economic aspects. In this study, the seasonal succession of phytoplankton population in Lake Karaoun in Lebanon was monitored from May 2009 to June 2011. The physicochemical parameters of lake water were then monitored for 1 year, from June 2010 until June 2011, to correlate the physicochemical parameters with the phytoplankton population in the lake. Our results showed, for the first time in Lebanon, that the eutrophied Lake Karaoun has been under the invasion of toxic cyanobacterial blooms since May 2009. The cyanobacterial bloom was persistent from late spring (May) until late fall (December) for 2 consecutive years. The high water temperature in the summer season is the main factor that has been affecting the growth of the cyanobacteria. The most frequently encountered bloom‐forming species were Microcystis aeruginosa and Aphanizomenon ovalisporum, which were either present individually or coexistent. The obtained results showed that during the period of cyanobacterial bloom, a deterioration of water quality defined by low levels of dissolved oxygen, total dissolved solids, and electric conductivity was reported. During cyanobacterial bloom period, the concentration of the orthophosphate–P (PO4‐P) was very minimal. The measured high value of chlorophyll‐a concentration during cyanobacterial bloom period (48.6 μg/L) was attributed to high photosynthetic activity. Cyanobacterial blooms can cause a variety of water‐quality problems in Lake Karaoun in addition to human health risk.     

黄旗海渔业养殖功能损害程度量化评估

以典型干旱区草型湖泊黄旗海为研究区,根据1999年~2001年实测水质资料,运用水污染损失率为基础的评价方法,对黄旗海渔业养殖使用功能损害程度进行评价表明:黄旗海水作为渔业养殖用水已受到严重威胁(中损害,1999年为重损害)。     

太湖流域节水潜力与措施

根据太湖流域近年水资源开发利用状况和用水指标,分析了太湖流域节水潜力:太湖流域用水量约为293.0亿m3,采取节水措施可节水87.5亿m3,其中农业灌溉可节水31亿m3,工业可节水37.5亿m3,生活可节水19亿m3。并从工程和非工程角度提出农业、工业、生活方面的节水措施。     

On the Assessment of Atmospheric Deposition of Sulfur and Nitrogen Species to the Surface of Large Inland Lakes—Lake Champlain

Early work indicated that wet deposition of radioactive fallout to the water surface of a lake greatly exceeded dry, when calculated as annual averages. To test whether this result also applies to the deposition rates of soluble trace gases from the lower atmosphere, data collected at land sites near Lake Champlain have been used to estimate deposition rates to the lake itself, using an analysis of the wind speed-up factor as an intermediate step. The contribution of dry deposition of the major nitrogen and sulfur chemical species is estimated to have been less than 20% of the total atmospheric deposition. However, this result must not be extrapolated to the watershed in which Lake Champlain resides, since evidence obtained elsewhere indicates that the dry deposition contribution over the entire watershed will likely be similar to the wet. The analysis indicates that for the period from 1992 to 1997 the annual total deposition rates of oxidized nitrogen and sulfur ranged from 300 to 500 tonnes per year and 600 to 1,100 tonnes per year, respectively.     

Inflow and outflow of agricultural chemicals in Lake Biwa

The annual pesticide inputs and outputs crossing the boundary of Lake Biwa were estimated. The inputs were calculated from continuous observations in four rivers flowing into Akani Bay, and from simultaneous observations in 65 influent rivers. The annual losses of pesticide from the watershed to Lake Biwa were 1.7% for esprocarb, 4.8% for mefenacet, 2.3% for thiobencarb, 3.7% for molinate, 9.4% for simetryn and 13.0% for isoprothiolane. The outputs from the lake were estimated from weekly observations in the Seta River. The loss of pesticides discharged downstream through the Seta River, compared with the amount applied, were estimated to be 0.9% for esprocarb, 3.2% for mefenacet, 0.5% for thiobencarb, 1.3% for molinate, 10.0% for simetryn and 5.7% for isoprothiolane. Pesticide outputs generally decreased to 30–80% of the input amounts, although simetryn was retained in the lake without substantial elimination.