A unified formulation for continuum mechanics applied to fluid–structure interaction in flexible tubes

This paper outlines the development of a new procedure for analysing continuum mechanics problems with a particular focus on fluid–structure interaction in flexible tubes. A review of current methods of fluid–structure coupling highlights common limitations of high computational cost and solution instability. It is proposed that these limitations can be overcome by an alternative approach in which both fluid and solid components are solved within a single discretized continuum domain. A single system of momentum and continuity equations is therefore derived that governs both fluids and solids and which are solved with a single mesh using finite volume discretization schemes. The method is validated first by simulating dynamic oscillation of a clamped elastic beam. It is then applied to study the case of interest—wave propagation in highly flexible tubes—in which a predicted wave speed of 8.58 m/s falls within 2% of an approximate analytical solution. The method shows further good agreement with analytical solutions for tubes of increasing rigidity, covering a range of wave speeds from those found in arteries to that in the undisturbed fluid. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

基于人工神经网络的商品销售额预测

介绍了BP神经网络的结构，算法和基于人工神经网络的商品销售额的预测，与传统方法相比较给出了ANN的优点及改进的方法。     

建筑土方工程施工中设计标高的确定

建筑土方工程量的大小直接影响工期和成本,施工场地设计标高是确定工程量的重要因素之一。施工场地设计平面考虑泄水的要求应是一个斜面,这个斜面在空间直角坐标系中,主要靠原点标高c、x轴向坡度i_x、y轴向坡度i_y三个要素来确定。为了使总土方量最小、工期短、成本低,应力争使挖、填土方量平衡,核心是场地设计平面上各点的施工高度之和为零。因在求施工高度之和的运算中要出现正负相互抵消,反映不出挖、填方的绝对值之和是多少,故采用“最小二乘法”原理,将各点施工高度平方以后在相加,然后对施工各点高度之和公式中的c、i_x、i_y取偏导数,得出准则三元一次方程组,求出c、i_x、i_y后再求出各点的实际标高和施工高度。     

浅析控制工程造价

合理确定和有效控制工程造价,是提高投资效益的重要手段。阐述了工程造价管理存在的问题,分析了造成工程造价失真的原因,提出了相应的管理对策。     

A multi-dimensional solver for the steady Euler equations

In this paper a numerical algorithm for the solution of the multi-dimensional steady Euler equations in conservative and non-conservative form is presented. Most existing standard and multi-dimensional schemes use flux balances with assumed constant distribution of variables along each cell edge, which interfaces two grid cells. This assumption is believed to be one of the main reasons for the limited advantage gained from multi-dimensional high order discretisations compared to standard one-dimensional ones. The present algorithm is based on the optimisation of polynomials describing the distribution of flow variables in grid cells, where only polynomials that satisfy the Euler equations in the entire grid cell can be selected. The global solution is achieved if all polynomials and by that the flow variables are continuous along edges interfacing neighbouring grid cells. A discrete approximation of a given spatial order is converged if the deviation between polynomial distributions of adjacent grid cells along the interfacing edge of the cells is minimal. Results from the present scheme between first and fifth order spatial accuracy are compared to standard first and second order Roe computations for simple test cases demonstrating the gain in accuracy for a number of sub- and supersonic flow problems.     

二甲基醚喷雾特性试验

利用纹影光学系统和高速数码摄影机对定容燃烧弹内的新型代用燃料二甲基醚的喷雾和蒸发过程进行了系统的研究,并与柴油的喷雾和蒸发特性进行了比较。结果表明,二甲基醚的喷雾射程和锥角随环境参数变化的规律与柴油相似,但在相同条件下,二甲基醚的喷雾射程比柴油小,喷雾锥角比柴油大;二甲基醚的蒸发速度比柴油快。在喷雾的发展过程中,二甲基醚燃料在喷雾影像区域内的分布比柴油均匀。     

组合预测法分析绿色纺织品的市场销量

绿色贸易壁垒,一种新型的非关税壁垒形式,已成为限制我国纺织品出口的重要因素,应引起企业的重视。本文利用组合预测法,分析影响绿色纺织品市场销量的主要因素,并预测市场销量与发展前景.     

如何确定钢纤维混凝土钢纤维掺量及品种

经过测定加入不同掺量和不同形状钢纤维混凝土的各项性能指标，首次提出一个便于计算和直观分析的参数—单位截面积钢纤维的根数，为寻求钢纤维最佳掺量及实际工程中合理使用钢纤维混凝土提供了设计依据．     

Compression Domain Volume Rendering for Distributed Environments

This paper describes a method for volume data compression and rendering which bases on wavelet splats. The underlying concept is especially designed for distributed and networked applications, where we assume a remote server to maintain large scale volume data sets, being inspected, browsed through and rendered interactively by a local client. Therefore, we encode the server’s volume data using a newly designed wavelet based volume compression method. A local client can render the volumes immediately from the compression domain by using wavelet footprints, a method proposed earlier. In addition, our setup features full progression, where the rendered image is refined progressively as data comes in. Furthermore, framerate constraints are considered by controlling the quality of the image both locally and globally depending on the current network bandwidth or computational capabilities of the client. As a very important aspect of our setup, the client does not need to provide storage for the volume data and can be implemented in terms of a network application. The underlying framework enables to exploit all advantageous properties of the wavelet transform and forms a basis for both sophisticated lossy compression and rendering. Although coming along with simple illumination and constant exponential decay, the rendering method is especially suited for fast interactive inspection of large data sets and can be supported easily by graphics hardware.