取土场原位电渗处治过湿填料的施工方法

针对某高速公路取土场原位电渗处治过湿填料的施工方法进行了介绍,分别阐述了在取土场原位电渗处治过湿填料的施工设备、材料及其施工要点等内容,为电渗技术的进一步推广奠定了基础。     

Enhancing microcantilever capability with integrated AC electroosmotic trapping

Microcantilevers are finding wide applications in detecting biochemical agents. However, their usage has been limited to highly concentrated samples to ensure sufficient deposition of agents onto cantilevers. A pre-concentration or enrichment step will expand their application range to more dilute, practical samples and real-time detection. This paper reports the integration of in-situ particle concentrators on microcantilevers. Only a thin metal layer on microcantilevers is required to generate microfluidic convection of particles from solution bulk onto microcantilever surfaces, greatly enriching local particle counts and enhancing sensitivity of the system. A working prototype is presented in the paper. Preliminary experiments concentrating latex particles were conducted and the particle concentration effect has been experimentally verified using AFM probes as microcantilevers. As ACEO concentrator has no dependence on particle properties, the method is expected to be applicable to bio-particles collection.     

河道淤泥电渗-固化室内试验研究

为达到河道淤泥的排水减量和加固强度要求,缩短加固处理工期、降低综合处理成本,进行单一电渗、单一固化、模拟电渗-固化的室内对比试验,研究不同通电电流、不同固化剂掺入比、固化龄期等因素对宁波河道淤泥加固效果的影响。同时结合扫描电镜探究了加固土的微观特征变化,并进行加固机理分析。研究结果表明：采用较低的通电电流可降低综合处理成本、处理效果更均匀;固化剂掺入比在6%~10%的范围内,掺入比越高,电渗-固化联合处理相对于采用单一固化加固能够提升的强度幅度更明显;采用相同的固化剂掺入比,电渗-固化联合处理更有利于胶结物和水化产物的生成,电渗排水作用对固化土后期强度增长起到重要作用。     

电渗析膜技术的应用范例及其效益

本文介绍了电渗析膜技术在烧碱生产和锅炉给水处理中的应用效益及其设备生产厂家。     

交流电场作用下微电极表面电渗流流速的计算

为解决微流体在交流电场作用下电极表面电渗流的流速计算方法,在电极极化产生双电层的基础上,建立了交流电渗等效电路模型,通过对双电层容抗和溶液电阻的计算,得出了微电极表面交流电渗流流速的计算公式,并对各点交流电渗流速与频率的关系进行了分析.结果表明,电极参数为宽80μm,长2 mm,电极间距20μm的对称电极交流电渗,在电极表面上的各点电渗流流速与输入信号频率对数呈正态分布状态.研究结果为交流电渗驱动微流体提供了理论参考依据.     

电渗联合化学溶液加固淤泥质软土试验研究

采用自制室内试验装置,研究电渗联合化学溶液对淤泥质软土的排水固结效果。通过对比分析电流值、电渗排水量、抗剪强度和微观结构等方面的差异,进一步揭示了不同化学溶液对电渗固结效果的影响机理。试验结果表明:化学溶液的加入可以促进电渗排水,而小原子量、低价态离子的促进效果更为显著,在本次试验中Na⁺>Ca²⁺>Al³⁺;运动到阴极附近的Ca²⁺、Al³⁺离子可以参与反应生成胶结物质,增强了土颗粒间的黏结力,提高了阴极土体的抗剪强度,其中以Ca²⁺离子增强效果最明显,土体抗剪强度提高了3.5倍;而化学溶液的加入则会加速电极腐蚀和土体的酸碱化。     

用表面电渗法减少煤与外物的切向阻力

分析了煤的含水量及所受的正压力对煤与工作部件切向阻力的影响 ,并应用表面电渗技术减少煤的切向阻力。结果表明 ,煤的含水量与所受的正压力对煤切向阻力的影响有明显的交互作用。当正压力较小时 ,切向阻力随含水量的增加而增加 ;当正压力较大时 ,切向阻力与含水量呈抛物线关系。表面电渗法可有效地减少煤的切向阻力 ,但电极分布对电渗效果有很大影响。当正负极面积比为 1∶3时 ,最佳减阻值为 8 8%。     

毛细管电泳仪电渗流进样装置的研究

毛细管电泳仪从 80年代发展至今以其优越的性能 ,在分析、生化、医药领域已有飞速的发展与应用。毛细管电泳分析的特点之一在于其进样量少 ,最少可达纳升 (ｎＬ)级 ,因此 ,对进样的准确度与重现性就提出了较高的要求。目前 ,普遍采用的进样方式有基于流体力学原理的虹吸进样、压力进样、真空进样以及电动力学原理的电动力进样[1]。这些方式存在其各自的优缺点 ,对于虹吸进样 ,由于采用了先进的机械装置精确度有所提高、重现性较好 ,但这种技术也存在局限性 ,尤其对于粘度高的样品和电泳缓冲液 ,并且所用的装置较复杂 ,设备体积重量大 ,成本…     

Surfactant Enhanced Electrorenlediation of Phenanthrene

Removal of hydrophobic organic contaminants (HOCs) from soil of low permeability by electroremedia-tion was investigated by using phenanthrene and kaolinite as a model system. Tween 80 was added into the purging solution in order to enhance the solubility of phenanthrene. The effects of pH on the adsorption of phenanthrene and Tween 80 on kaolinite and the magnitude of -potential of kaolinite were examined, respectively. The effects of electric field strength indicated by electric current on the electroremediation behavior, including the pH of purging solution, the conductivity, phenanthrene concentration and flow rate of effluent, were experimentally investigated, respectively. In case of an electric field of 25 mA applied for 72 hours, over 90% of phenanthrene was removed from 424 g (dry mass) of kaolinite at an energy consumption of 0.148 kW-h. The experimental results described in present study show that the addition of surfactant into purging solution greatly enhances the removal of HOCs by electro     

间歇通电联合电极移动作用下电渗法加固滩涂淤泥试验研究

针对电渗法试验中出现的土体抗剪强度不足的问题,基于通电4h、断电30min为最优间歇比,依据试验时间来控制移动电极,展开了间歇通电联合电极移动作用下电渗法加固滩涂淤泥的室内试验研究,通过对比分析排水速率、电流、土样表面沉降等变化规律,研究电极移动时间对加固效果的影响。试验结果表明:间歇通电联合中期移动电极条件下的排水量最大,对于提高后期电渗排水效率是有必要的;间歇通电联合后期移动电极更有助于缓解电流衰减,土体含水率较低,土体整体抗剪强度较高,土体中部加固效果明显改善,土体表面沉降量最大,土体电渗固结效果显著;土体不同测点间的pH值和电导率变化较大。