磨削加工中磨削液对砂轮堵塞影响的试验分析

砂轮堵塞是影响砂轮耐用度的重要指标，磨削液在磨削加工中起到润滑、冷却、清洗等作用，对砂轮的堵塞有着较大影响．文章通过试验，分析了磨削液对砂轮堵塞的原因．     

基于波动方程的聚焦点控制照明叠前深度偏移

 基于波动方程的聚焦点控制照明叠前深度偏移技术借助于差分计算，把速度、密度等介质参数的影响体现在差分计算的矩阵方程中，能够自动适应速度场的任意变化，快速傅里叶变换的使用也加速了波场延拓的计算速度。因此此法兼具有限差分偏移方法和傅里叶偏移方法的优点，既可适应速度场的剧烈变化，又可保证对陡倾地层的成像效果，是目前针对复杂构造最有效的成像方法之一。对于单个聚焦点及其周围的成像步骤为：①采用矩形网格情况下绕射走时的有限差分计算方法生成合成算子；②应用合成算子来合成面炮震源和面波记录；③对合成的面炮震源和面波记录做傅里叶有限差分法波动方程叠前深度偏移，得到该聚焦点及其附近区域的成像结果。按照上述成像步骤，将震源波场和炮集记录依据相应的外推公式进行延拓，最终应用成像条件求取成像值。在地质目标处选取多个聚焦点，可以得到面向目标的控制照明偏移成像，在多个层位上选取多个聚焦点进行控制照明叠前深度偏移，可以得到整块区域的成像。通过对Marmousi模型的试算，取得了较好的效果。     

莺-琼盆地的独特埋藏史

通过沉积速率线性外推剥蚀厚度恢复、脱压实和异常高压以及古水深校正的单井埋藏史和连井埋藏剖面及构造沉降分析,发现莺-琼盆地是个多旋回沉积盆地,其沉积物埋藏过程可分为早期缓慢浅埋和晚期快速深埋两大阶段.这种独特的埋藏历史不仅是储层孔隙增生与保存的主要控制因素之一,而且极大地影响了烃源岩于酪根热解反应路径、烃类的运移和聚集,异常高压的发育以及所发生的复杂的水(气)—岩相互作用.涸11-4油田位于南海北部湾盆地涸西南凹陷,距广西北海市103km,离涸10-3油田17km.油田于1993年9月19日投产,目前开发形势较好,产量、压力稳定.在开发实践中我们体会到,要提高油田开发水平,搞好油藏监测是非常重要的.1钻井和完井过程中的油藏监测     

基于去调频技术的斜视聚束SAR成像方法

针对具有方位谱混叠现象的斜视聚束式合成孔径雷达(SAR)成像问题,本文研究了一种基于去调频技术的成像方法.文中首先分析了斜视聚束SAR中的方位谱混叠现象,从理论上找出了斜视角影响方位粗聚焦的根本原因.基于分析结果,引入了回波信号非线性相位校正预处理法,彻底消除了斜视角的影响,从而得到正确的粗聚焦结果.然后基于斜视成像模型,推导了预处理回波信号的方位粗聚焦和精聚焦处理过程.在精聚焦的方位滤波处理中,针对非线性相位校正预处理导致的场景聚焦深度限制问题,提出了一种改进的非线性调频变标(NLCS)算法,实现了回波信号的高精度方位压缩.仿真实验结果证明了文中理论分析的正确性和所提方法的有效性.     

基于DSPP的单目图像深度估计

空洞空间金字塔池化（ASPP）在深度学习各种任务中均有应用,传统ASPP模块只考虑了提升卷积感受视野,但ASPP中的每次空洞卷积选取的像素点分散,会丢失大量像素点间的信息,而深度估计属于密集预测任务。针对ASPP模块这一弊端提出了一种动态密集的DSPP模块。该模块用一种动态卷积代替空洞卷积,结合ASPP的思想,采用不同大小的卷积尺寸,并结合通道注意力充分利用每一层的特征,解决了ASPP丢失信息的问题,与ASPP相比在大大减小模块参数量的前提下,提升了整体模型的准确率。在NYU Depth v2数据集上与主流算法相比深度图在均方根误差（RMSE）上降低了12.5%,到0.407,并且准确率（δ<1.25）提高了3.4%,达到0.875,验证了算法的有效性。     

轻骨料混凝土抗碳化性能及微结构分析

为了探究轻骨料混凝土抗碳化性能及微结构,采用绝对体积法配制全轻骨料混凝土(ALWAC)和次轻骨料混凝土(SLWAC),并与普通混凝土(NC)比对,测试混凝土在各龄期下的碳化深度,通过MIP压汞测试对比研究NC和ALWAC碳化前后微细观孔结构变化。结果表明:轻骨料混凝土特有的内养护效果,轻骨料周围水泥石日趋密实,因而ALWAC和SLWAC较NC抗碳化性能优,且随碳化时间增长碳化速率显著降低;微结构分析表明经历28 d快速碳化试验后,NC和ALWAC孔隙率分别由14.36%、30.33%下降至13.53%、28.70%,定量说明了碳元素入侵造成大量孔隙被填充细化,与水泥水化产物反应生成CaCO₃,孔径减小,密实度增加。最后给出了基于陶粒掺量的轻骨料混凝土碳化深度预测模型。研究成果可为轻骨料混凝土耐久性预测提供参考。     

某抽水蓄能电站上水库防渗帷幕深度优选研究

针对某抽水蓄能电站上水库地质条件较为复杂、库区存在两条由库内延伸到库外的中等宽度断层、副坝区基岩弱风化层较厚的特点,以及设计防渗方案不合理的问题,根据上库工程坝址区的地质结构、地形地貌及防渗帷幕设计,建立了三维有限元渗流分析模型。首先通过参数及地下水位反演确定了库区基岩的渗透系数和水库特征点处的地下水位,然后在设计防渗方案的基础上计算分析了不同防渗帷幕深度对库区渗流场、渗透流量及各部位渗透坡降的影响,并根据分析结果对防渗帷幕深度进行了方案优选。结果表明：河床断层附近和库周断层及副坝附近的防渗帷幕深度可增大10 m,左、右坝肩帷幕深度可分别减少10 m并降低至3 Lu标准,库周非断层及副坝附近的防渗帷幕深度可减少10 m。研究结果可为类似工程防渗帷幕深度方案的优选提供参考。     

Comparison of soil moisture at different depths for drought monitoring based on improved soil moisture anomaly percentage index

To better understand the characteristics and mechanisms of droughts at different drought stages, this study selected the Xiangjiang River Basin in China as the study area, and evaluated soil moisture (SM) at different depths for drought monitoring, through SM data simulated with the variable infiltration capacity (VIC) model. To solve the problem of unreasonable drought/wetness classifications based on the soil moisture anomaly percentage index (SMAPI), an improved soil moisture anomaly percentage index (ISMAPI) was developed by introducing the Box–Cox transformation. The drought/wetness frequency generated by ISMAPI demonstrated preferable spatial comparability in comparison with those from SMAPI. The lag time of ISMAPI relative to the standardized precipitation evapotranspiration index was closely related to soil depth, and was characterized by a fast response in shallow soil layers and a relatively slow response in deep soil layers. SM in shallow soil layers provided a measure for monitoring short-term droughts, whereas SM in deep soil layers provided a better measure for long-term persistent drought events. Furthermore, the occurrence and mitigation time of drought events identified by SM in deep soil layers usually lagged behind that identified by SM in shallow soil layers. Compared with deep SM, SM in shallow soil layers responded faster to meteorological anomalies, thereby resulting in shorter periods of SM persistence in shallow soil layers than in deep soil layers. This can explain the differences of SM at different depths in drought monitoring.     

Prediction of scouring around an arch-shaped bed sill using Neuro-Fuzzy model

In this study, Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS) has been used to model local scouring depth and pattern scouring around concave and convex arch shaped circular bed sills. The experimental part of this research study includes seven sets of laboratory test cases which were performed in an experimental flume under different flow conditions. A data set consists of 2754 data points of scouring depth were collected to use in the ANFIS model. The ratio of arch diameter, D, to flume width, W, is used as a non dimensional variables in all test cases. The results from ANFIS model were compared with the results of ANN model obtained by Homayoon et al. [24] and previously presented models. The results indicated that for D/W equal to 1 and 1.2, the ANFIS models produced a good performance for convex and concave bed sills. As a result, the ANFIS models can be used as an alternative to ANN for estimation of scour depth and scour pattern around a concave bed sill installed with a bridge pier.     

Parametric study of the electrical to thermal power conversion in an inductively coupledrf plasma torch

An inductively coupled (ic) radio-frequency (rf) stabilized argon plasma was generated in a quartz tube using a 7 MHzrf generator. The electrical and thermal powers were measured and the efficiency of energy conversion was computed. The results indicate that for a constant power input, there is an optimum argon flow rate for which maximum energy conversion efficiency occurs.