MULTIPLE REGRESSION AND COMMITTEE NEURAL NETWORK FORCE PREDICTION MODELS IN MILLING FRP

This work utilizes the mechanistic modeling approach for predicting cutting forces and simulating the milling process of fiber-reinforced polymers (FRP) with a straight cutting edge. Specific energy functions were developed by multiple regression analysis (MR) and committee neural network approximation (CN) of milling force data and a cutting model was developed based on these energies and the cutting geometry. It is shown that both MR and CN models are capable of predicting the cutting forces in milling of unidirectional and multidirectional composites. Model predictions were compared with experimental data and were found to be in good agreement over the entire range of fiber orientations from 0 to 180°. Furthermore, CN model predictions were found to greatly outperform MR model predictions.     

张马屯铁矿提高硫铁精矿品位和降低尾矿品位实践

张马屯铁矿对生产工艺流程进行考查，查找硫铁精矿品位低、尾矿品位高的原因，通过改造闭路磨矿分级作业、调整浮选药剂制度、改造磁选作业，确保了分级溢流浓度和溢流细度满足工艺要求，提高了浮选作业效果，铁精矿品位达到６５．９５％，尾矿品位降至８．７９％。     

Fixed-angle, energy-dispersive x-ray reflectivity measurement of thin tantalum film thickness

In this work, we employed a fixed-angle, energy-dispersive x-ray reflectivity technique to obtain the thickness of thin tantalum films (examples <9 nm) within seconds using a conventional, low-energy x-ray copper or chromium source (20 kV/20 mA/400 W). We compared this fixed-angle, energy-dispersive result with more conventional fixed-energy (monochromatic source), angular-dispersive x-ray reflectivity to establish the validity of the energy-dispersive method. This x-ray technique may be particularly useful for the metrology of growing thin-barrier layers, atomic-layer passivation, and seed-layer measurements in future microelectronics applications. Currently, thickness precision is limited by modeling assumptions and the energy discrimination available from x-ray detectors.     

桶式制冰装置设计的几点体会

目前国内外大量用冰的食品加工 ,特别是渔船冰鲜和冷藏运输等行业中广泛应用着桶式块冰。本文通过八种常用冰桶规格及配套设备的设计 ,展开关于提高制冰效率的讨论     

钢筋钢纤维混凝土深梁抗裂度的计算方法

通过对28根深梁的试验研究，探讨了钢纤维混凝土层厚、钢纤维体积率和剪跨比等因素对钢筋钢纤维增强部分混凝土深梁正截面抗裂度和斜截面抗裂度的影响，以及达到全截面加入钢纤维对抗裂度增强效果的钢纤维混凝土层厚。试验表明：深梁的抗裂度随钢纤维体积率的增加而增大，当钢纤维体积率ρf=20%时，正截面可提高80%左右，斜截面抗裂度可提高50%左右，当钢纤维混凝土层厚达到深梁高度的0.6倍时，可 达到全截面加入钢纤维对抗裂度的增强效果。提出了与普通钢筋混凝土深梁和钢筋钢纤维混凝土深梁相衔接的钢筋钢纤维增强部分混凝土深梁正截面抗裂度和斜截面抗裂度的计算公式。     

最高冰塞,冰坝水位计算与预报的动力—随机模型

应用动力模型可以计算出某一流量过程的最高冰塞、冰坝水位。然而在设计工作中希望知道在某一概率流量情况下的最高冰塞、冰坝水位。为此，本文建立了相应的动力－随机模型。据本文作者所知道的情况，该模型在文献中尚未见到过。本文用水动力学及随机函数的相关理论两种方法论证了动力－随机模型解的收敛性。在该模型中本文建议用数学期望作为边界断面的时均值，用均方差作为边界断面上的随机值。在最大流量概率密度服从对数正态分布     

冰温度膨胀力的有限元分析

本文在对冰温度膨胀力的作用机理作简要分析的基础上，将有限元方法引入到冰温度膨胀力的计算中，对工程中常见的两类边界条件(即固定约束和摩擦约束)下的冰温度膨胀力进行了计算。通过对计算结果的分析，得到以下结论：从与现场实测数据的比较来看，有限元计算的结果比较合理。可以在设计中应用；冰盖一侧固定约束、另一侧摩擦约束时。冰作用于固定约束边上的膨胀力会产生高度的应力集中；两侧都是摩擦约束的膨胀力远小于其它约束时的冰膨胀力；温升率对直立墙上冰膨胀力沿冰厚分布的影响远大于对斜坡的影响。     

Aging study on interfacial microstructure and solder-ball shear strength of a wafer-level chip-size package with Au/Ni metallization on a Cu pad

Eutectic solder balls (63Sn-37Pb) joined to Cu pads with an Au/Ni metallization have been widely used in wafer-level chip-size package (WLCSP) technology for providing electrical and mechanical interconnections between components. However, some reliability issues must be addressed regarding the intermetallic compounds (IMCs). The formation of a brittle IMC layer between the solder/Cu pad interface impacts considerably upon the solder-ball shear strength. In addition, it will degrade the long-term operating reliability of the WLCSP. This study investigates, by means of experiments, the growth of the IMC layer under isothermal aging for the eutectic Sn-Pb solder reflowed on a Cu pad with an Au/Ni metallization. Forming the Cu pad with an Au/Ni metallization was achieved by a simple semiconductor-manufacturing process. The effects of the intermetallic layer on solder-ball shear strength were examined for various parameters, including the thickness of the Au layer, solder-ball size, and the diameter of the Cu pad. Experimental results indicate that two IMC layers, Au_0.5Ni_0.5Sn₄ and Ni₃Sn₄, form at the solder/Cu pad interface after aging. The Au_0.5Ni_0.5Sn₄ intermetallic layer dominates the total thickness of the IMC layer and grows with aging time while the solder-ball shear strength decreases after aging. The degradation of the solder-ball shear strength was found to be caused mainly by the formation of the Au_0.5Ni_0.5Sn₄ layer. The experimental results established that a thinner Au layer on Cu pad can effectively control the degradation of solder-ball shear strength, and this is especially true for smaller ball sizes.     

导管架灌浆腿柱的冲剪应力计算研究

借助SACS程序提供了三种导管架灌浆腿柱的有效壁厚计算方法,举例对采用有效壁厚及仅采用导管架的管壁厚对管节点进行冲剪应力计算对比,结果表明采用有效壁厚计算冲剪应力对优化导管架的设计,降低工程造价是完全可能的。     

Development of Expert Controller for Plasma Spraying Process

SOME PLASMA SPRAYING EQUIPMENTS ofnewly-developed have been added system monitorfunction and system self-diagnosis,alarming andamendment are realized,and the coating qualitycontrol can be achieved by setting up information baseof control parameters.But investigation of plasmaspraying technology is mainly concentrated onspraying process and coating properties in our country['2].In this paper,plasma spraying parameters andcoating properties and relationship between them areanalyzed by …