T形配筋应变强化UHPC梁弯曲破坏机理

为分析应变强化UHPC梁弯曲破坏时UHPC和钢筋应变间关系,对5根梁试件进行了三分点加荷纯弯试验,试件变化参数为配筋率和钢筋种类.绘制了钢筋与应变强化UHPC的荷载-挠度曲线,将T形梁破坏过程分成3个阶段:弹性阶段、裂缝发展阶段、持荷至破坏阶段进行分析.并绘制了钢筋与应变强化UHPC的荷载-应变曲线,深入分析了在整个受弯过程中钢筋与UHPC的协同工作性.同时,结合UHPC和钢筋的应力-应变关系,将加载过程分为4个阶段,定量分析每个阶段钢筋和UHPC对抗弯承载力的贡献度.结果表明:钢筋达到屈服应变之前,钢筋与UHPC粘结可靠,保持应变一致性而共同受力;整个受弯过程中,应变强化UHPC抗拉强度提供的抗力与钢筋提供的相比占据重要比例(低配筋率时更大),建议在进行应变强化UHPC截面承载力计算时,应充分考虑UHPC抗拉强度的作用,保证承载能力计算方法的准确性.     

UWSNs节点运动模型及预测定位

为提高水下无线传感器网络(UWSNs)中动态节点的定位精度,降低通信能耗,提出采用节点的运动模型实现预测定位.考虑到近海监控网络中,潮汐运动是海水运动的主要成因,以粗略的近海潮汐运动模型为基础,以高斯径向基函数作为空间基函数构造节点的运动模型;利用K-medoids方法对模型中的高斯径向基函数中心进行聚类优化;提出了采用扩展卡尔曼滤波的方法实现模型系数的估计.考虑到普通节点与锚节点运动的空间相关性,设计了与到锚节点的距离相关的权重系数,以锚节点的运动模型系数估计普通节点运动模型中的系数,进而完成自身定位.对东经117.25°—132.2°,北纬24°—43.45°海域UWSNs的节点定位性能进行仿真分析,结果表明:所提出的节点预测定位方法的定位性能较高,定位覆盖度和定位精度高于SLMP方法和MP-PSO方法,平均通信能耗低于SLMP方法和MP-PSO方法.所提出的节点预测定位方法适用于大规模水下动态无线传感器网络定位.     

Four-year study of roughness patterns using weekly calibrations

In order to evaluate the stability and reproducibility of roughness measurements, calibrations of the same roughness standard were held over four years. Calibrations were performed in the Laboratório de Medição de Superfícies Ópticas (LMSO), on Mondays, between late January to early December every year. Here are presented and analyzed the calibration results and also the measurements of lab temperature and relative humid, at the time of calibration, in order to assess if there is any correlation between these influence factors in the obtained results. The LMSO lab is accredited by INMETRO (Brazilian NMI).     

Self-organized pattern on the surface of a metal anode in low-pressure DC discharge

Self-organization phenomena on the surface of a metal electrode in low-pressure DC discharge is studied. In this paper, we carry out laboratory investigations of self-organization in a lowpressure test platform for 100–200 mm rod-plane gaps with a needle tip, conical tip and hemispherical tip within 1–10 k Pa. The factors influencing the pattern profile are the pressure value, gap length and shape of the electrode, and a variety of pattern structures are observed by changing these factors. With increasing pressure, first the pattern diameter increases and then decreases. With the needle tip, layer structure, single-ring structure and double-ring structure are displayed successively with increasing pressure. With the conical tip, the ring-like structure gradually forms separate spots with increasing pressure. With the hemispherical tip, there are anode spots inside the ring structure. With the increase of gap length, the diameter of the selforganized pattern increases and the profile of the pattern changes. The development process of the pattern contains three key stages: pattern enlargement, pattern stabilization and pattern shrink.     

An empirical study on improving dissimilarity-based classifications using one-shot similarity measure

This paper reports an experimental result obtained by additionally using unlabeled data together with labeled ones to improve the classification accuracy of dissimilarity-based methods, namely, dissimilarity-based classifications (DBC) [25]. In DBC, classifiers among classes are not based on the feature measurements of individual objects, but on a suitable dissimilarity measure among the objects instead. In order to measure the dissimilarity distance between pairwise objects, an approach using the one-shot similarity (OSS) [30] measuring technique instead of the Euclidean distance is investigated in this paper. In DBC using OSS, the unlabeled set can be used to extend the set of prototypes as well as to compute the OSS distance. The experimental results, obtained with artificial and real-life benchmark datasets, demonstrate that designing the classifiers in the OSS dissimilarity matrices instead of expanding the set of prototypes can further improve the classification accuracy in comparison with the traditional Euclidean approach. Moreover, the results demonstrate that the proposed setting does not work with non-Euclidean data.     

Mining human mobility patterns from social geo-tagged data

Online social networks allow users to tag their posts with geographical coordinates collected through the GPS interface of smart phones. The time- and geo-coordinates associated with a sequence of posts/tweets manifest the spatial–temporal movements of people in real life. This paper aims to analyze such movements to discover people and community behavior. To this end, we defined and implemented a novel methodology to mine popular travel routes from geo-tagged posts. Our approach infers interesting locations and frequent travel sequences among these locations in a given geo-spatial region, as shown from the detailed analysis of the collected geo-tagged data.     

《俄勒冈实验》模式原则实施效果评述

C?亚历山大教授在其出版的《俄勒冈实验》一书中，以俄勒冈大学为实验母体，界定出一种设计方式，以适用任何社区的总体规划，并归纳为6种主要原则。文章从现实角度出发，针对俄勒冈大学规划现状，提取6种原则中的模式原则并选择其中较为重要的几项模式对其论述进行比较研究，并依照现有实施状况进行一般性评价。对俄勒冈大学规划现状的研究将为我国高校下一阶段的校园规划和校园更新建设提供一定参考价值。     

泵站前池单排方柱整流措施数值模拟

为改善泵站前池内水流流态,基于Fluent软件,运用RNG k-ε模型对加单排方柱的正向进水泵站前池流态进行数值模拟,分析单排方柱的几何参数对前池流态改善的影响。结果表明:单排方柱具有分流效果,流经单排方柱的水流会向前池两侧分散,在单排方柱的后方形成漩涡。无整流措施时,泵站前池流态紊乱;通过在前池加设单排方柱可显著改善流态;单排方柱宜布置在前池前中部,不宜布置在两侧回流区内;方柱宽度越小,分流作用越小,行近流速分布越不均匀。     

The effects of pause software on the temporal characteristics of computer use

The study investigated the natural work–pause pattern of computer users and the possible effects of imposing pause regimes on this pattern. Hereto, the precise timing of computer events was recorded across a large number of days. It was found that the distribution of the pause durations was extremely skewed and that pauses with twice the duration are twice less likely to occur. The effects of imposing pause regimes were studied by performing a simulation of commercially available pause software. It was found that depending on the duration of the introduced pause, the software added 25–57% of the pauses taken naturally. Analysis of the timing of the introduced pauses revealed that a large number of spontaneous pauses were taken close to the inserted pause. Considering the disappointing results of studies investigating the effects of introducing (active) pauses during computer work, this study has cast doubt on the usefulness of introducing short duration pauses.