铝酸钠溶液在线自动检测系统

分析了实施铝酸钠溶液在线自动检测系统的目的和必要性,描述了该系统的测定原理、总体结构及试运行情况,程序运算得到的溶液浓度值与化验室分析值的误差一般不超过±2 5%,精度满足生产工艺要求。     

二维电子气中具有Rashba效应的电子输运特性

研究了在有限长度半导体异质结的二维电子气中具有Rashba效应的电子输运特性。从Schrdinger方程出发,通过解析分析来研究电子的透射系数、电子自旋及电导率。研究发现电子在垂直入射时可以得到透射率、反射率以及自旋态的解析解。斜入射时用数值方法求解。结果显示透射系数、电导率和电子自旋极化率随Rashba系数振荡,在取适当值时可以获得较高的电子极化率和电导率。     

黄土包气带水分运移的现场研究

本文主要介绍在核素迁移试验现场进行的黄土包气带水分运移研究的方法和主要结果。包气带水分运移试验场建有一座 9.0 m深的负压计观测竖井和二个 2 8.0 m深的中子仪测管。分别采用 WM- 1型负压计系统和 IHiii型土壤中子水分仪测量黄土剖面的基质势和含水量。一组负压计和中子仪测管在天然条件下测量 ,连续观测 2年多 ,用于水分运移特征研究 ;另一组测量停止淹灌后的水分再分配过程 ,连续观测 7个月 ,用于非饱和渗透系数测定。结果表明 :(1)降雨入渗主要影响深度、蒸发影响深度在 1.0 m以上 ;(2 )水分运移可分为 4个带 :1.0 m深度以上为强交替带 ,含水量、水势和水势梯度随时间变化快、变幅大 ,液态水的运移比较明显 ;1.0～ 7.2 m深度上为含水量和水势随时间变化小的弱交替带 ,除黄土颗粒大小变化较大的深度处 ,一般来说 ,水势梯度方向单向向下 ,其中 :含水量和水势在 1.0～ 1.6 m深度上随时间变化较大 ,液态水的运移也比较明显 ;在 5.0～ 7.2 m深度上 ,水分变化很小 ,基本趋于稳定状态 ,液态水的运移很不明显 ,微弱的热水汽扩散显现出来 ;在 7.2～ 2 3.0 m深度上 ,含水量除在黄土 -古土壤 -钙质结核层组合交界处有变化外 ,其余则基本保持与黄土颗粒大小变化相对应的稳定状态 ,为水分运移的传递带 ;2 3.     

铝电解质初晶温度和电导率数学模型的研究

测定了铝电解质的初晶温度和电导率,求出了一个范围较宽的初晶温度的数学模型。并根据工业铝电解的实际情况,分四段求出了其电解质的电导率数学模型。分析讨论了各因素对铝电解质初晶温度和电导率的影响,并求出了其等值图。     

固体氧化物燃料电池中的电解质

综述了固体氧化物燃料电池（SOFC）中固体电解质的研究概况,分析了ZrO2基、CeO2基、Bi2O3基固体电解质和掺杂的LaGaO3为代表的钙钛矿结构的固体电解质的优缺点以及作为SOFC电解质存在的问题,中低温度下稳定的高离子电导率的固体电解质的研制开发及固体电解质的薄膜化研究是降低S0FC工作温度的两个重要途径。     

Coagulation process of soymilk characterized by electrical impedance spectroscopy

Soymilk coagulation process is the most important step in tofu making. An experimental setup was developed to control the coagulation temperature and heating rate by ohmic heating and to perform impedance measurement in time-sharing mode. Soymilk coagulation process was characterized by electrical impedance spectroscopy. Frequency 10 kHz was chosen to analyze the coagulation process. Normalized conductivity was useful in determination of the endpoint of soymilk coagulation process. The coagulation process was considered as two successive first-order reactions. The rate constant in the first stage was 10 times higher than that in the second stage, both rate constants increased with coagulation temperature. The activation energy in the second stage was three times greater than that in the first stage. The successive reaction process was elucidated by using soymilk coagulation mechanism. The use of impedance measurement to analyze the coagulation process provides a basis for the control of soymilk coagulation process.     

方波电压法测量液体介质低tanδ值的原理和技术关键（续）

介绍了方波电压法测量液体介质tanδ的原理。分析了实现这一测量方法的技术关键。在测量系统的超稳时间、测量时间的控制、测量系统各参数的设置和电流测量仪器选用等方面，提出了通过实践验证的计算方法和解决方案，并证实该方法是测量液体介质低tanδ值，提高测量的分辨率和准确度一个有效途径。     

影响聚合物PEDT导电性能的因素分析

本文用化学聚合方法制备了新一代导电聚合物材料PEDT（3，4-聚乙烯二氧噻吩），分析了聚合物PEDT的导电机理，研究了聚合温度、聚合改良剂、单体氧化剂配比、溶剂含量、烘干温度等工艺条件对PEDT导电性能的影响。     

Catalytic performance of a novel amphiphilic alkaline ionic liquid for biodiesel production: Influence of basicity and conductivity

Three novel alkaline guanidine ionic liquids as amphiphilic catalysts have been successfully synthesized for two-phase transesterification, which can efficiently improve the catalytic activity for the synthesis of biodiesel. They were characterized by a series of techniques including ¹H NMR, thermal stability, electronegativity (DFT calculation), basicity and conductivity. It was demonstrated that 1,1,3,3-trimethyl-2-octyl-guanidine hydroxide(IL3) exhibited better catalytic activity compared with other base guanidine ionic liquid catalysts, which was related to the better basicity and electronegativity of the ILs. The experimental results indicated that catalytic performance was relative to both enough alkaline center and conductivity of ionic liquid catalysts, but the former was a main factor in the catalytic system. The catalytic performance also revealed that optimum catalyst dosage was about 6 wt.%, the appropriate reaction temperature was about 55 °C, the optimum n(Methanol)/n(Soybean Oil) for the biodiesel synthesis was about 15:1 and the suitable reaction time was 4 h on the basis of biodiesel yield of 97%. In addition, the reaction mechanism of the amphiphilic catalyst was illuminated by the interaction between the methoxyl group and the carbonyl group of the triglyceride after activating for two-phase transesterification.     

Study of Electrical Discharge Machining Performance in Water-Based Working Fluid

In this study, the role of working fluid in electrical discharge machining (EDM) was investigated based on its electrical conductivity. The function of gas bubble in material removal process was studied by comparing the crater that formed in water discharge with that formed in air discharge. The mechanism of material removal for EDM in water-based working fluid was proposed by analyzing the discharge voltage. Experiments were conducted to learn the influence of discharge parameters and working fluid conductivity on the crater forming process. The detected discharge waveform demonstrated that the effect of electrolytic reaction in the discharge process could be controlled by changing the conductivity of the working fluid. This study shows that water-based working fluid has good application prospects in EDM machining.