磷硼复合添加对Inconel 718合金铸态组织及均匀化处理参数的影响(英文)

研究磷硼复合添加对Inconel 718高温合金铸态组织及均匀化处理参数的影响。结果表明:磷硼的加入促进块状Laves相的形成。由于硼在最后残余液相中大量富集,形成一种富含Nb、Mo和Cr的含硼相。根据DSC和电子探针分析结果,确定磷硼复合添加Inconel 718高温合金的凝固顺序为L→L+γ→L+γ+MC→L+γ+MC+Laves→γ+MC+Laves+含硼相。由于低熔点含硼相的存在,磷硼复合添加Inconel 718高温合金的均匀化处理温度应比标准Inconel 718合金低至少40°C。     

Delta工艺Inconel 718合金热变形条件下的流变行为

在Gleeble-3500热模拟实验机上对Delta工艺Inconel 718合金进行高温压缩实验,研究其高温压缩变形的流变应力行为。结果表明:δ相时效态Inconel 718合金在本实验条件下具有正的应变速率敏感性,流变应力随着应变速率的降低和变形温度的升高而减小,动态再结晶是合金重要的软化机制。δ相时效态Inconel 718合金的热变形激活能为497.407 kJ/mol,高温压缩峰值流变应力与变形温度和应变速率的关系可用双曲正弦函数表示。     

Inconel625合金高速热变形动态再结晶的临界条件

通过等温热压缩试验获得Inconel625合金在变形温度为1000～1200℃,应变速率为1～80S^-1条件下的真应力-应变曲线,利用加工硬化率,结合lnθ-ε曲线上的拐点判据及-δ（1nθ）／δε-ε曲线上的最小值,来研究Inconel625合金动态再结晶的临界条件。结果表明,在该实验条件下,Inconel625合金的lnθε曲线均出现拐点特征,对应的-δ（lnθ）／δε-ε曲线出现最小值,该最小值处对应的应变即为临界应变;临界应变随应变速率的增大和变形温度的降低而增加,并且临界应变和峰值应变之间有一定的关系,即εc=0．69εp;动态再结晶时临界应变的预测模型可以表示为εc=4．41×10^-4Z^0.14261。     

The effects of microstructural features on the performance gap in corrosion resistance between bulk and HVOF sprayed Inconel 625

It is commonly observed that there is a performance gap between the corrosion resistance of thermally sprayed coatings and the equivalent bulk material. This is attributed to the significantly modified microstructure of the sprayed coatings. However, currently there is no detailed understanding of which aspects of microstructural modification are primarily responsible for this performance gap. In this work several deliberately microstructurally modified versions of the Ni-based superalloy Inconel 625 were produced. These were subjected to potentiodynamic electrochemical testing in 0.5 M H₂SO₄ to investigate the links between specific microstructural features and electrochemical behaviour. Samples were prepared by high-velocity oxy-fuel (HVOF) thermal spraying, laser surface remelting using a high power diode laser and conventional powder sintering. Microstructural features were examined by optical and scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction. Potentiodynamic testing was carried out on the following forms of Inconel 625: wrought sheet; HVOF sprayed coatings; sintered powder compacts; laser melted wrought sheet and HVOF sprayed coatings. Using the corrosion behaviour, i.e. passive current density, of the wrought sheet as a baseline, the performance of different forms of Inconel 625 was compared. It is found that a fine dendritic structure (with associated microsegregation) produced by laser remelting wrought sheet has no significant effect on corrosion performance. Up to 12% porosity in sintered powder samples increases the passive current density by a factor of only around 2. As observed previously, the passive current density of HVOF sprayed coatings is 20-40 times greater. However, HVOF coatings subjected to laser surface remelting are found to have a passive current density close to that of wrought material. It is concluded that, whilst porosity in coatings produces some decrease in corrosion resistance, the main contributing factor is the galvanic corrosion of localised Cr-depleted regions which are associated with oxide inclusions within HVOF sprayed samples.     

变速变载条件下Inconel带材的成形性能

Inconel铟镍合金是核电设备中燃料组件格架条带的常见原材料。为了提高核燃料组件格架条带产品的冲制质量,对铟镍合金板料冲压成形性能进行了研究。针对该材料价格昂贵和各向异性明显的特点,采用有限元方法进行分析。首先通过试验方法得到材料力学性能参数,再利用有限元模拟分析在变速变载条件下铟镍合金的成形性能。研究了冲压成形速度、速度模式、压边力大小和载荷模式对铟镍合金成形性能的影响。最后通过模具冲制试验结果分析验证了有限元模拟分析的正确性。结果表明:通过有限元数值模拟分析更加了解了铟镍合金板料冲制性能,并为格架条带冲制提供了工艺参数。     

金属与氮复合注入对Inconel 718摩擦磨损性能的影响

为提高Inconel 718零件的抗磨损性能,采用直线式高能离子注入机对Inconel 718材料进行表面强化。利用X射线衍射仪、电子背散射衍射、X射线光电子谱、俄歇电子能谱等表征材料的组织结构、相组成和元素浓度-深度分布,采用纳米压痕仪、摩擦磨损试验机检测材料的纳米硬度和摩擦磨损性能。结果表明,不同离子注入工艺对Inconel 718抗磨损性能提升具有不同效果,(N+Ti)组合注入可提升基体抗磨损性能达2.5倍以上,纳米硬度提升幅度达到36%。(N+Ti)组合注入工艺在Inconel 718表层形成非晶以及纳米级Ti Nx析出相,随注入深度增加,注入原子主要以间隙或置换形式存在于基体晶格中。     

高温剪断式触发吸收球非能动停堆装置可行性分析

非能动停堆系统是事故工况下核能系统的重要安全保障。为保证和增强钍基熔盐堆核能系统的安全性,通过对比分析现有的非能动停堆装置,本文提出了钍基熔盐堆高温剪断式触发吸收球非能动停堆装置。利用Inconel 625合金在650-700°C力学特性发生陡降的特点,对高温剪断式触发结构——薄壁挡板进行设计,并通过Abaqus软件对其二维结构在事故工况下不同温度时的响应状态进行稳态、瞬态断裂模拟。模拟结果表明,当设定温度超过650°C且持续升高时,薄壁挡板会在4-10 s内发生断裂;在非事故工况下,若温度异常升高到670°C后随即降低时,薄壁挡板不会发生断裂。因此,在紧急事故工况时,设计的高温剪断式触发结构能够可靠剪断,确保第二停堆系统非能动触发,进一步提高钍基熔盐堆的安全性。     

Effects of precipitation phases on the hydrogen embrittlement sensitivity of Inconel 718

We investigated the effects of precipitation phases on the hydrogen embrittlement (HE) sensitivity of Inconel 718 by means of tensile tests. Hydrogen was charged into the test specimens via a cathodic charging process prior to the tensile tests. Various heat treatments were applied to conventionally aged specimens to fabricate specimens with different precipitation conditions for the γ″ phase and the δ phase. For each precipitation condition, we fabricated two specimens, one of which was charged with hydrogen before the tensile test. All specimens were tensioned under identical tensile conditions. The percent loss of the reduction of area (RA) caused by pre-charged hydrogen was used to assess HE sensitivity. Both the δ phase and the γ″ phase were found to play significant roles in altering HE sensitivity of Inconel 718. When these phases were totally dissolved, the HE sensitivity of the alloy was very low. The percent loss of RA decreased along with a decrease in the fractional volume of γ″. The δ-free aged alloy had greatly enhanced HE resistance, the same level as that of conventionally annealed alloy, and its strength was equal to that of the conventionally aged alloy. Fracture origins noted on the specimens were located on the surface layers and displayed brittle cleavage when pre-charged hydrogen was utilized. Local transgranular cleavages initiated from the δ/matrix were also observed in conventionally aged specimens, where there was a presence of pre-charged hydrogen. Therefore, the δ phase was considered to promote HE by initializing micro-cracks from δ/matrix interfaces. Since the d-free aged alloy has both good strength and good ductility, we propose that it is advantageous for fabricating some hydrogen-containing parts.     

Elemental Partitioning Characteristics of Equilibrium Phases in Inconel 718 Alloy at 600-1100 ℃

 The optimization of heat treatment and chemical composition for Inconel 718 alloy has been investigated uninterruptedly because of its excellent mechanical properties and metallurgical workability. The species, chemical compositions and content of equilibrium phases of Inconel 718 alloy in the temperature range of 600-1100 ℃ were calculated by using thermodynamic software “Thermo-Calc” and the latest relevant datebase of Ni-base superalloys. A concept of elemental partitioning fraction was used to study the partitioning characteristics of alloying elements in each equilibrium phase at different temperatures, such as Ni, Cr, Fe, Nb, Mo, Al, Ti and C, and some calculation results were confirmed under a scanning transmission electron microscope (STEM). The results showed that the elemental partitioning characteristics with the change of temperature revealed the selective partitioning characteristic of alloying elements in equilibrium phases at different temperatures, such as Nb was mainly distributed in δ and γ′ phase, C in carbides, Al and Ti in γ′ phase and Cr, Mo in Laves phase. At the same time, the effect of the change of component and quantity for each precipitated phase on matrix phase can be helpfully understood, which provided a theoretic foundation to optimize the chemical composition and heat treatment in different environments for Inconel 718 alloy.     

基于虚拟正交试验的Inconel690合金大口径厚壁管挤压工艺仿真

研究挤压成形参数影响规律并确定合理的参数取值范围,是开发难变形合金大型型材挤压工艺技术和挤压过程精细化控制,以及大吨位(如2万吨)挤压机的研发、调试及应用迫切需要开展的重要内容。基于DEFORM-2D平台,以规格为Ф420mm×60mm的难变形Inconel690合金管材穿孔针挤压为研究对象,建立了适用、可靠的无缝管材穿孔针挤压过程的有限元仿真模型;选取挤压比λ、模角α、定径带长度h、坯料初始温度T、挤压速度v等重要成形参数为影响因素,以坯料温度峰值Tmax、坯料金属损伤峰值Dmax、模口坯料金属流速均方差Fsdv和挤压力峰值Lmax为衡量指标,开展了基于模拟仿真的虚拟正交试验研究。结果表明,影响Tmax、Dmax、Fsdv、Lmax的因素主次顺序分别为:T>v>λ>h>α、α>v≈λ>T>h、h>v>T>α>λ、λ>T>α>v>h;综合考虑成形管材质量、挤压力等因素,获得了2万吨难变形合金卧式挤压机上挤压该规格Inconel690合金管材的合理成形参数取值范围为:λ=5.74～6.37、α=35～45°、h=60～120mm、T=1080～1180℃、v=150～250mm/s。