NiW/Al-PILC催化剂的页岩油加氢性能

采用铝柱撑粘土为载体制备了NiW/Al—PILC催化剂,研究了在页岩油加氢中的催化性能,与催化剂NiW/γ-Al_2O_3的催化性能进行比较。对催化剂进行表征,并对页岩油加氢所得柴油馏分[(180～350)℃]进行分析,结果表明,NiW/Al—PILM催化剂催化性能优于NiW/γ—Al_2O_3催化剂,其铝柱撑粘土层间距d_(001)=1.962 nm、比表面积为264.3 m~2·g~(-1),在该催化剂上页岩油加氢柴油收率达52.8%,20℃运动黏度5.025 mm~2·s~(-1),凝点-3℃,冷凝点1℃,闪点84℃,十六烷值64.3,20℃密度0.832 7 g·cm~(-3)。     

油页岩半焦与煤混合燃烧特性研究

采用热重分析仪对油页岩半焦与不同煤化程度的煤混合燃烧特性进行动态分析,讨论了掺混煤种和比例对燃烧过程的影响.结果表明,燃烧特性好的煤种可以改善页岩半焦燃烧特性,额吉长焰煤是最佳掺混煤种,随着煤掺混比例的提高,混合物燃烧特性指数增大.     

温度对油页岩快速热解特性的影响

采用喷动载流床快速热解装置,研究桦甸大城子4层油页岩的低温快速热解特性.采用改变气速的方法使不同热解温度下气体的停留时间一致,探讨不同热解温度对油页岩热解的气、液、固三相产物的产率、组成以及三者之间相互关系的影响,确定了在以获得液体燃料为主要目的时,530℃为桦甸大城子4层油页岩低温快速热解的最适宜温度.     

不同纤维面层对泡沫夹层复合材料低速冲击性能的影响

采用玻璃纤维、碳纤维、混杂碳/Kevlar和Kevlar纤维织物为面层,自制闭孔硬质聚氨酯泡沫芯材,通过RTM工艺制备了泡沫夹芯复合材料,分析了25J能量下的冲击损伤程度。提出了以泡沫夹芯结构的平均损伤角度、穿透深度和最大开裂宽度作为表征试样损伤程度的参数。结果表明:25J冲击能量下,Kevlar纤维面层泡沫夹芯试样,冲击载荷—时间历程曲线峰值最高,完成一次冲击试验历程最短,冲击后试样损伤程度最低;玻璃纤维面层泡沫夹芯试样,低速冲击载荷—时间历程曲线峰值最低,冲击后试样损伤程度最高。     

浅谈水泥稳定级配碎石基层施工工艺

结合润扬长江大桥北接线高速公路工程、扬州西北绕城高速公路工程水泥稳定级配碎石基层的施工,介绍了水泥稳定级配碎石基层的施工工艺,并提出了施工质量控制措施体会,以保证水泥稳定级配碎石基层的质量。     

牛庄洼陷沙三下—沙四上泥页岩特征及沉积环境

为了明确非常规油气藏中不同泥页岩岩石类型与沉积环境的关系,针对不同泥页岩特征及沉积成因问题,通过岩心观察,利用岩矿薄片、扫描电镜、显微荧光以及元素分析等分析化验手段,开展了牛庄洼陷沙三下—沙四上泥页岩沉积环境分析及其与泥页岩岩相类型的对应关系研究.结果表明:牛庄洼陷沙三下—沙四上泥页岩共发育纹层状泥质灰岩、纹层状灰质泥...     

四川盆地上奥陶统五峰组-下志留统龙马溪组页岩储层特征与演化机制

依据矿物岩石学、有机地球化学、储集空间、物性及含气性等特征,系统分析并探讨了上奥陶统五峰组-下志留统龙马溪组页岩储层特征、演化机制及其对页岩气勘探开发的影响,提出"生物硅钙控格架、协同演化促生孔、压力演化控保存"的页岩储层演化机制.研究结果表明:①岩相、有机孔载体类型及其赋存方式对有机孔的发育具有重要控制作用,硅质页岩...     

Heterogeneity of shale documented by micro‐FTIR and image analysis

In this study, four New Albany Shale Devonian and Mississippian samples, with vitrinite reflectance [R_o] values ranging from 0.55% to 1.41%, were analyzed by micro‐FTIR mapping of chemical and mineralogical properties. One additional postmature shale sample from the Haynesville Shale (Kimmeridgian, R_o = 3.0%) was included to test the limitation of the method for more mature substrates. Relative abundances of organic matter and mineral groups (carbonates, quartz and clays) were mapped across selected microscale regions based on characteristic infrared peaks and demonstrated to be consistent with corresponding bulk compositional percentages. Mapped distributions of organic matter provide information on the organic matter abundance and the connectivity of organic matter within the overall shale matrix. The pervasive distribution of organic matter mapped in the New Albany Shale sample MM4 is in agreement with this shale's high total organic carbon abundance relative to other samples. Mapped interconnectivity of organic matter domains in New Albany Shale samples is excellent in two early mature shale samples having R_o values from 0.55% to 0.65%, then dramatically decreases in a late mature sample having an intermediate R_o of 1.15% and finally increases again in the postmature sample, which has a R_o of 1.41%. Swanson permeabilities, derived from independent mercury intrusion capillary pressure porosimetry measurements, follow the same trend among the four New Albany Shale samples, suggesting that micro‐FTIR, in combination with complementary porosimetric techniques, strengthens our understanding of porosity networks. In addition, image processing and analysis software (e.g. ImageJ) have the capability to quantify organic matter and total organic carbon – valuable parameters for highly mature rocks, because they cannot be analyzed by micro‐FTIR owing to the weakness of the aliphatic carbon–hydrogen signal.     

辽河西部凹陷古近系页岩类型及测井识别

辽河西部古近系广泛发育泥页岩层,是页岩油气勘探的热点层系。利用测井技术识别该地区页岩并区分页岩类型,有助于提高页岩油气勘探开发效率。本次研究利用辽河西部凹陷常规老井的钻测录井资料,对该地区页岩的岩性特征及测井特征进行分析。研究表明,研究区古近系沙河街组页岩类型主要有油页岩、暗色泥岩、砂质泥岩以及钙质和白云质泥岩。泥页岩主要发育在沙河街组三段、水体稳定的深湖相区,矿物组分以黏土矿物为主。星形图测井相统计认为泥岩可表征为CAL>10 in且1Ω·m相似文献   

Effective diffusivity of oxygen in the ash layer of Huadian oil shale semicoke

Diffusion of oxygen in the ash layer usually dominated the combustion of oil shale semicoke particles due to the high ash content. Thus, effective diffusivity of oxygen in the ash layer was a crucial parameter worthy of careful investigation. In this paper, the effective diffusivity of oxygen in the ash layer of Huadian oil shale semicoke was measured directly using an improved Wicke-Kallenbach diffusion apparatus. The experimental results showed that higher temperature would lead to a higher effective diffusivity and a thicker ash layer had the negative effect. Especially, the effective diffusivity along the direction perpendicular to bedding planes was much lower than that along the direction parallel to bedding planes. In addition, an effective diffusivity model was developed, which could be used to describe the mass transfer of oxygen in the ash layer of oil shale semicoke.