基于报废量预测的电子废弃物回收产业现状与对策 —— 以长三角为例

长三角为我国经济最活跃、电子废弃物回收产业发展相对完善的地区之一。运用stata多元回归分析报废量的影响因素,用Holt模型预测长三角区域电子废弃物报废量。结果显示, 2050年电视机累计报废量将达到35亿台,手机报废量将达到65亿部。通过分析长三角电子废弃物回收产业规模、回收体系、地方性法律政策及公共意识4个方面,发现在回收体系构建方面,仍然存在非正规回收渠道占据主要市场,正规企业产能过剩以及回收点覆盖不合理等问题。结合未来电子废弃物报废量与回收产业现状,提出了系统性的政策建议。     

八宿巨型滑坡的发现及其意义（特约稿）

巨型滑坡全球不常见,但是破坏性极强,其识别对于加深区域构造背景的认识,防灾减灾和工程建设均有指导意义。基于遥感解译、无人机地形测绘和现场调查,报道了新发现的八宿巨型滑坡及其残留堆积体特征,初步分析了成因机制与演变过程,估算了滑坡方量。主要结论如下：（1）八宿滑坡发育于怒江缝合带的夏里-八宿裂谷带内,岩性以古生界加玉桥岩群大理岩组和侏罗系马里组变质砂泥岩为主,上部岩层产状为陡倾顺坡向,下部岩层产状为陡倾逆坡向,岸坡结构总体上为上硬下软;（2）滑坡区横跨冷曲的左右两岸,长约7200m,宽约4800m,面积约22.5km2,估算方量约35×108m3,目前残余方量约14×108m3,是国内已经确认的方量最大的滑坡;（3）滑坡极可能属于历史地震诱发的高速堵江滑坡,堰塞坝高度约185m,堆积体碎裂化严重,且在冷曲右岸爬升超过600m。滑坡形成后,堆积区历经了堰塞坝溃决、多拉寺次级滑坡、泥石流堆积与冲刷、表面流水冲刷等改造过程,但是滑坡地貌特征整体保存良好。由于滑坡和泥石流堵江,冷曲在滑坡区先后两次改道;（4）从滑坡与冷曲的演变过程来看,推测滑坡的发生时间应在晚更新世。即八宿滑坡为古滑坡;（5）八宿巨型滑坡的发现说明迄今为止我们对青藏高原地质环境的认知仍然十分有限。川藏铁路等工程建设应加强基础地质与工程地质研究,以及地质灾害风险论证,确保施工与运行期安全。     

降水和植被变化对龙川江径流量的影响

基于龙川江大峡谷进出口水文控制站楚雄站和小黄瓜园站的长系列水文资料和流域森林盖度变化资料,结合小波分析方法,对降水、植被与径流量变化间相互关系以及径流量各时间尺度准周期变化的本质和形成机制进行了研究。结果表明:研究区降水量序列存在2 a、4 a和14.5 a左右的主周期,径流量序列具有2 a、4 a、6 a和22 a左右的主周期;其中径流量低频振荡所反映的是总径流中来自于壤中水径流和存在于裂隙中的地下水径流的准周期变化,而高频振荡反映的是总径流中来自于地面径流的准周期变化;径流量的年内变化和年际高频振荡主要是由降水量变化所引起的,而径流量序列6 a和22 a的主周期是由土壤和裂隙对降水量序列4 a和14.5 a的主周期滞后放大作用所形成的,径流量序列4 a的主周期是由干热河谷特殊自然地理环境所形成的;径流量与降水量间相互关系在1969年左右发生了突变     

剪切速率在大型塑料注射模设计中的拓展应用

通过对聚合物熔体流变学的研究,探讨了剪切速率的变化对塑件成型的影响,以及其与塑料注射模浇口形式和尺寸的关系,并将其实际应用到汽车大型塑件注射模浇注系统的设计中,取得了较好的效果。     

纳米晶体Se的微观结构特征

本文采用Ｘ射线衍射和透射电子显微镜研究了纳米晶体Ｓｅ的微观结构特征．通过测定不同晶粒尺寸的纳米晶体Ｓｅ的点阵参数ａ和ｃ，发现纳米晶体Ｓｅ中存在晶格畸变，畸变量与晶粒尺寸有关．得到了纳米晶体Ｓｅ中晶胞体积变化与晶粒尺寸的关系．并由点阵参数计算出纳米晶体Ｓｅ的键长．用非晶态Ｓｅ中的无规链折叠的晶化机制解释了纳米晶体Ｓｅ中晶格畸变现象．     

CALCULATION OF TRANSFORMATION VOLUME FRACTION TO HQ590 HOT ROLLED STRIP STEEL DURING CONTINUOUS COOLING

On the basis of phase transformation kinetics, the transformation of γ→α,P,B have been investigated through considering the effect of deformation. The calculation methods of volume fraction have also been given. Comparing with common method, the simulated results are in more agreement with experiment results.     

NANO-MULTILAYERS WITH HIGH PERPENDICULAR ANISOTROPY FOR MAGNETIC RECORDING

(FePt/Ag)n nano-multilayers were deposited on MgO (100) single crystal with laser ablation and then subjected to annealing. FePt L1o grains with (001) texture and thus a large perpendicular magnetic anisotropy constant Ku of the order of 106 J/m3 were formed. A thick Ag layer is found to be favorable for decreasing the dispersion of the easy axis for magnetization. The measurement of time decay of magnetization gave rise to a small activation volume of the order of 10-25m3, showing the promising of being the recording medium for future high density perpendicular recording.     

深冲汽车簿钢板织构的表述方法

利用晶体学性质,将深冲汽车薄板的两种主要特征织构表述于反极图之中,再利用织构定量技术便能简捷地分析深冲钢板的织构与深冲性能的关系。经验证,此法与ODF定量分析所得的结果一致。     

Fatigue crack growth resistance of SiC<Subscript>p</Subscript> reinforced Al alloys: Effects of particle size,particle volume fraction,and matrix strength

The main aim of this work was to study the effects of particle size, particle volume fraction, and matrix strength on the long fatigue crack growth resistance of two different grades of Al alloys (Al2124-T1 and Al6061-T1) reinforced with SiC particles. Basically, it was found that an increase in particle volume fraction and particle size increases the fatigue crack growth resistance at near threshold and Paris regimen, with matrix strength having a smaller effect. Near final failure, the stronger and more brittle composites are affected more by static modes of failure as the applied maximum stress intensity factor (K _max) approaches mode I plane strain fracture toughness (K _IC).     

Numerically optimal design for the system with coupled complex transport phenomena-application to the Submerged Entry<Emphasis Type="Italic">Nozzle</Emphasis> in continuous slab caster

This study presents a simple and robust algorithm for the optimal design of the system with coupled complex transport phenomena: the transport phenomena comprise fluid flow, heat and mass transfer. The (1+1)-Evolution Strategy method is adopted as the optimization method. In order to analyze the transport phenomena in the complex geometry generated during the optimization procedure, thefinite volume method with a boundary fitted curvilinear coordinate system is used. To confirm the validity of the present method, the optimal design for the inner shape of the simplified two-dimensionalSubmerged Entry Nozzle in the continuous slab caster is conducted. It is shown that the resulting design of the nozzle is consistent with the purpose and constraints of the design.