温度和TS对小麦酒糟厌氧发酵产气性能的影响

在温度为30℃、35℃、40℃、45℃、50℃,TS分别为6%、8%和10%的条件下,研究了小麦酒糟厌氧发酵过程中的pH值变化和气产率。结果表明,各实验条件下,发酵液pH值均呈现出先下降后升高的趋势,基质浓度通过改变反应混合物的pH值来间接影响发酵的反应过程,同一温度下,TS越高越容易出现酸化;不同温度下,TS对产气率的影响较大,温度40℃时的产气率远高于其他温度,且不同TS浓度下的产气率相差较大。在本实验条件下,温度为40℃、TS为6%是小麦酒糟厌氧发酵的最适宜条件。     

表没食子儿茶素没食子酸酯的提取分离工艺研究

采用无水乙醇对茶叶进行浸提,用乙酸乙酯和蒸馏水分别对浸提液进行萃取后浓缩包含表没食子儿茶素没食子酸酯[epigallocatechin gallate,（-）-EGCG]在内的黄酮类物质。利用聚酰胺装填的层析柱对茶叶中的（-）-EGCG进行分离,并对分离产品结果进行分析。本实验以活性炭为脱色剂,考察了活性炭的用量、脱色时间、脱色次数、脱色后溶液pH、乙酸乙酯与水的配比以及洗脱荆中乙醇浓度等条件对实验结果产生的影响。在各项条件最优的情况下,每10g绿茶可以提取出纯度大于98％的（-）-EGCG单体0．39g。     

利用均值-极差控制图测评出酒率的变化

介绍了利用均值-极差控制图分析白酒企业出酒率变化的方法,具体分三个步骤：数据收集、数据整理和数据分析,分析结果可应用于优选生产条件。     

Influence of applied voltage and conductive material in DIET promotion for methane generation

The utilization of biological-, electrode- and conductive material-mediated direct interspecies electron transfer (DIET) between exoelectrogenic bacteria and methanogenic archaea for enhancing methane productivity is widely reported in the literature. However, two cardinal questions are still controversial, i.e., which applied voltage value would be more recommended to enhance methane generation? and how the DIET over IIET has the upper hand in enhancing methane productivity? Herein, the influence of different applied voltages to promote biological-, conductive- and electrode-mediated DIET was investigated in MEC-AD reactors with conductive material. Polarized bioelectrodes induced electrode-mediated DIET (eDIET) and biological DIET (bDIET), in addition to cDIET (conductive material-mediated DIET), improved the methane yield to 315.40 mL/g COD_r with an applied voltage of 0.9 V. Whereas further increase of applied voltage 1.2 V, lessened methane production efficiency due to high-voltage inhibition and adverse effect on DIET promotion. The anaerobic digestion coupled microbial electrolysis cells with optimal electric potential selectively promotes the DIET through polarized electrodes were confirmed through microbial analysis. As the contribution of DIET increased to 80%, the methane yield increased, and the substrate residue decreased, resulting in a significant improvement in methane production.     

Thermal and photon effects on the reaction of H2 and O2 to water over Ag–Pd/TiO2

The reaction of H₂ and O₂ to water are studied over a Ag–Pd/TiO₂ anatase catalyst, under dark and photo-irradiation conditions in the gas and liquid phases. The catalyst consisted of metal particles of mean size of ca.1 nm dispersed over 10–15 nm TiO₂ particles. Kinetic parameters including order of reaction (n), rate constant (k), and activation energy (E_a), were evaluated. E_a for the thermal reaction was found to be 49-47 kJ mol^?1. The oxidation reaction rate constant was found to be ca. 3 times higher in the presence of photons when compared to dark reaction at room temperature. The overall quantum yield of the reaction in the slurry phase was found to be 0.09. Considering the number of metal particles on TiO₂, the photon yield per metal particle was found to be 0.16. A possible explanation of the changes in kinetics with respect to experimental conditions is given.     

临涣选煤厂粗煤泥回收工艺优化的实践应用

临涣选煤厂针对洗选过程中存在的精煤泥旋流器组溢流跑粗、精煤泥弧形筛筛下水跑粗、精煤泥弧形筛脱水效果较差等问题，重点开展精煤泥分级旋流器组入料分配不均匀、筛分错配物影响、弧形筛脱水效果的现场攻关和研究。现场大量试验表明:通过停止精煤泥旋流器组，增加精煤泥弧形筛数量、减小筛缝尺寸，改变精煤泥弧形筛击打，改用高频脱水筛等方式，从源头上解决了精煤泥分级旋流器组跑粗，明显改善了精煤泥弧形筛筛下水跑粗的问题，提高了精煤泥弧形筛分选效果。在降低介泥灰分、减少浮选过程中粗颗粒的含量、缓解浮选回收压力、降低降低浮选油耗、提高浮选精煤灰分、保证精煤产率、节约生产成本方面有实践意义。     

Theoretical design study on the origin of the improved phosphorescent efficiency of DPEphos quinoline-substituted derivatives for OLEDs

Various tetrahedral heteroleptic Cu(I) complexes, as red organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs), show a concern of maximizing the quantum yield (QY) in order to improve the optoelectronic performance. Herein, three experimental [Cu(N^N) (bis [2-(diphenylphosphino)phenyl]ether)]⁺ (named 1, 2 and 3) were selected as the jumping-off point, following two complexes (named 4 and 5) were successfully designed by introducing bulky electron-donating substituents into N^N ligands continuously. As expected, the QY of designed complexes 4 (0.26) and 5 (0.13) exhibit over twice higher than that of 3 (5.4 × 10⁻²). This can be attributed to the enhanced electron-donating property of N^N ligand, which accelerated the radiative transition rate (k_r) through the apparently elevated energy level of the lowest triplet excited state (T₁) and strengthened transition dipole moments, even though the spin-orbit coupling (SOC) effect is weakened. Simultaneously, the tetrahedral geometric distortion could be effectively restrained by the bulky N^N ligands, but the high vibrational freedom of the terminal substituents could also bring in some unfavorable intra-ligand deformation, resulting in an upward of the nonradiative transition rate (k_nr) at 5 (k_nr: 0.30 × 10⁵ s⁻¹ for 4; 0.95 × 10⁵ s⁻¹ for 5). Therefore, it's worth noting that the balance of excited state energy level, SOC effect as well as the reorganization energy ought to be elaborately regulated to achieve the optimal QY. This detailed investigation on the microscopic mechanism of these Cu(I) complexes can provide instructive inspiration for experimentalists.     

早冠丝瓜406新品种的选育

早冠丝瓜406是以S4为母本、X06为父本配制而成的一代杂种.极早熟,植株主蔓分枝性强,生长性强盛;雌花节位低,首朵雌花着生于主蔓第5节~7节,采收期为播种后58 d^60 d开始;嫩瓜呈长棒形,果端较圆,果皮深绿色,单果重0.5 kg^0.9 kg,果实纵径42 cm^50 cm,横径3.7 cm^4.2 cm,前期产量为16772.0 kg/hm^2,总产量可达47447.5 kg/hm^2.适合长江流域、云贵高原及湖南地区早春设施和露地栽培.     

Coagulation process in Manchega sheep milk from Spain: A path analysis approach

Characteristics of sheep milk are of great interest for the dairy industry, as almost the totality of production is intended for cheesemaking. However, the existing relationships between these variables are complex. This study assessed composition, hygienic quality, coagulation properties, and curd yield of 1,200 individual Manchega sheep milk samples. The aim was to compare the effect of composition and hygienic quality on coagulation and curdling, and to evaluate the relationship between curd yields and the coagulation process and the effect of other features by using path analysis methodologies. Outcomes proved path analysis to be a useful and effective tool to assess these relationships through direct and indirect paths within the same model. Results showed that the factors that had a direct influence on milk coagulation were lactose concentration, casein content, and initial pH of milk. Contrastingly, somatic cells did not seem to have any effect (direct or indirect) on the coagulation process. Factors that directly affected curd yield were fat content, lactose concentration, casein content, and curd moisture. However, technological parameters showed little effect over curd yield.