HRP-12型负载杂多酸催化剂的失活原因及预防措施

采用XRD、NMR、IR、MS等手段对长链烷基苯合成中失活负载型杂多酸催化剂进行了表征,结果表明,催化剂的失活主要是由于表面结焦引起的,原料中的双烯、烷基芳烃杂质以及反应生成的副产物重烷基苯是引起催化剂结焦的主要原因,对原料进行脱双烯和脱芳烃精制、提高苯烯比以及用苯洗涤催化剂等措施能够有效抑制催化剂的失活。     

Iodide mediated electrolysis of acidic coke/coal suspension

Hydrogen is among the emerging energy vectors that are being developed to replace nonrenewable hydrocarbon energy sources. The preferred method to produce hydrogen without generating greenhouse gases is the electrolysis of water using renewable energy. The reduction of energy during the water electrolysis process is a desirable goal regardless of the source of electric power. Similar to ferrous/ferric mediation, iodide can be used as a mediator in the electrolysis of an acidic suspension of coke or coal. The iodide ion is oxidized at a far lower anodic potential than the alternative oxygen evolution reaction. This reduces the cell electrolysis voltage and, consequently, reduces electricity use. The iodide consumed at the anode is continuously regenerated by chemical reaction with the coke/coal in suspension.     

劣化环丁砜再生技术的工业应用

为解决国内外环丁砜抽提芳烃工艺中环丁砜的劣化问题，在不添加单乙醇胺的前提下，采用阴离子交换树脂处理劣化的环丁砜，可使系统的pH值从3．4升到5．5左右，离子交换树脂需30d左右再生一次，降低了设备的腐蚀，减少了装置的堵塞，使系统运行稳定，取得了可观的社会效益和经济效益。     

液碱纯度对阴床再生运行情况分析

从理论上分析了液碱对阴树脂再生度的影响。通过两种不同纯度的液碱再生阴树脂的实际运行经济指标统计分析，说明用高纯度液碱再生阴树脂，可提高树脂的工作交换容量和周期制水量，有很好的经济效益。     

长链烯烃-苯烷基化反应的分子筛催化剂再生性能的研究

通过热重分析和活性稳定性评定考察催化剂的再生性能。研究结果表明,进行氯气吹扫以及苯抽提后进行氮气吹扫两种预处理,导致失活催化剂的起燃点和烧焦反应活化能均有所提高,有利于控制烧焦反应速度。按苯抽提、氮气吹扫、烧焦的顺序,分三个阶段进行催化剂再生,再生催化剂的活性稳定性得到更充分的恢复。     

Pyrene oxidation as a model reaction for characterizing the mechanism of coke oxidation on Y zeolites

The same effect of temperature on the production of CO, CO₂ and H₂O was found during oxidative treatment of HY zeolites either impregnated with pyrene or coked. Therefore, pyrene oxidation can be used to specify the mechanism of coke oxidation. Three types of reactions can be distinguished: (a) condensation of polyaromatic molecules, (b) oxidation of polyaromatics into aldehydes, ketones, acids and anhydrides and (c) decarbonylation or decarboxylation of oxygenated compounds, all these reactions involving protonic sites.     

Study of Desorption Agent for LADS Process

This article refers to the procedure for selection, evaluation and development of the LADS-D desorption agent associated with the LADS-A adsorbent used in the non-hydroprocessing adsorptive desulfurization (LADS) process for FCC naphtha developed by LPEC Refining Research Institute. The LADS-D desorption agent can effectively remove the sulfides adsorbed on the LADS-A adsorbent. The saturated LADS-A adsorbent can be instantly regenerated by the LADS-D desorption agent to recover its adsorption activity. The LADS-D desorption agent can not only effectively remove all impurities adsorbed on the adsorbent, but also has strong ability to dissolve the impurities to keep a stable desorption efficiency of adsorbent to be basically commensurate with fresh adsorbent after extended use.     

Electrolytic regeneration of bleach solution in the motion picture industry

Cyclic voltammetric and galvanostatic experiments have been carried out with both synthetic and commercial bleach solutions with a view to regenerating the same. Maximum efficiency could be achieved if the oxidation is carried out below an anodic potential of 0·80 V vs SCE. The data obtained in galvanostatic experiments with RCE confirm the results of the earlier technique.     

Applications of Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Skin Regeneration and Rejuvenation

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multipotent stem cells derived from adult stem cells. Primary MSCs can be obtained from diverse sources, including bone marrow, adipose tissue, and umbilical cord blood. Recently, MSCs have been recognized as therapeutic agents for skin regeneration and rejuvenation. The skin can be damaged by wounds, caused by cutting or breaking of the tissue, and burns. Moreover, skin aging is a process that occurs naturally but can be worsened by environmental pollution, exposure to ultraviolet radiation, alcohol consumption, tobacco use, and undernourishment. MSCs have healing capacities that can be applied in damaged and aged skin. In skin regeneration, MSCs increase cell proliferation and neovascularization, and decrease inflammation in skin injury lesions. In skin rejuvenation, MSCs lead to production of collagen and elastic fibers, inhibition of metalloproteinase activation, and promote protection from ultraviolet radiation-induced senescence. In this review, we focus on how MSCs and MSC-derived molecules improve diseased and aged skin. Additionally, we emphasize that induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived MSCs are potentially advanced MSCs, which are suitable for cell therapy.     

Hesperidin Promotes Osteogenesis and Modulates Collagen Matrix Organization and Mineralization In Vitro and In Vivo

This study evaluated the direct effect of a phytochemical, hesperidin, on pre-osteoblast cell function as well as osteogenesis and collagen matrix quality, as there is little known about hesperidin’s influence in mineralized tissue formation and regeneration. Hesperidin was added to a culture of MC3T3-E1 cells at various concentrations. Cell proliferation, viability, osteogenic gene expression and deposited collagen matrix analyses were performed. Treatment with hesperidin showed significant upregulation of osteogenic markers, particularly with lower doses. Mature and compact collagen fibrils in hesperidin-treated cultures were observed by picrosirius red staining (PSR), although a thinner matrix layer was present for the higher dose of hesperidin compared to osteogenic media alone. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy indicated a better mineral-to-matrix ratio and matrix distribution in cultures exposed to hesperidin and confirmed less collagen deposited with the 100-µM dose of hesperidin. In vivo, hesperidin combined with a suboptimal dose of bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP2) (dose unable to promote healing of a rat mandible critical-sized bone defect) in a collagenous scaffold promoted a well-controlled (not ectopic) pattern of bone formation as compared to a large dose of BMP2 (previously defined as optimal in healing the critical-sized defect, although of ectopic nature). PSR staining of newly formed bone demonstrated that hesperidin can promote maturation of bone organic matrix. Our findings show, for the first time, that hesperidin has a modulatory role in mineralized tissue formation via not only osteoblast cell differentiation but also matrix organization and matrix-to-mineral ratio and could be a potential adjunct in regenerative bone therapies.