二氧化钛直接制取金属钛工艺简介

阐述了各种二氧化钛直接电解制取金属钛的工艺及其原理，指出了熔盐电解TiO2法在工业应用上存在的问题。     

海绵钛生产过程中氯含量的控制

分析了海绵钛生产过程中影响氯含量的几个主要因素，即原料、还原料速、蒸馏周期、产品包装等，结合生产实践阐述了在生产过程中对海绵钛产品氯含量的控制措施。     

豆浆污染管式膜清洗系统的实验研究

开发海绵橡胶球(固)-水(液)两相清洗系统，用于豆浆污染的管式膜的清洗．通过海绵橡胶球清洗与传统大量水冲清洗方法对水通量恢复率和蛋清截留率的比较，确认了前者具有良好的清洗效果．前者恢复率比后者高约10％，蛋清截留率基本不受影响，对膜孔径无明显影响．     

Recent advances in the design,development, and targeting mechanisms of polymeric micelles for delivery of siRNA in cancer therapy

Small interfering RNA (siRNA) is a relatively novel nucleic acid-based therapy to treat diseases such as cancer. Nevertheless, substantial obstacles to its clinical applications have been reported, such as low cellular uptake, immunogenicity, off-target effects, and instability in physiological environments. The design of appropriate delivery vehicles capable of transporting siRNA to target cells has been pursued. Nanoparticles are extensively studied for the delivery of siRNA. Among the various nanocarriers, polymeric micelles have recently gained strong interest. Polymeric micelles of average nanometer size are straightforward to design and modify. Hydrophilic groups incorporated in the polymeric micelles can extend in vivo half-life of siRNA to ensure adequate accumulation in tumors, be exchanged for cations that electrostatically interact with siRNA, and be coupled to various ligands for cell-specific targeting. The polymeric micelle core provides stability and serves as a loading dock for drugs. In this review, the different types of polymers used, the design and characterization of polymeric micelles for siRNA delivery, and the established polymeric micelle targeting mechanisms are discussed.     

建成环境景观水文研究框架构建——基于 数字景观技术的景观水文分析、评价与优化

景观水文概念的提出为风景园林涉水研究与实践提 供了一个交叉、整合和创新的窗口，旨在协同涉水学科、人居 环境设计学科等交叉领域，形成一套系统性、创新性的研究与 应用路径。基于现阶段景观水文相关研究进展，聚焦多尺度响 应下的建成环境涉水景观要素空间属性及其水文响应，明确了 建成环境景观水文研究范畴，包括概念、研究尺度和研究对 象。基于景观水文相关研究理论、方法与数字景观技术，从景 观水文研究目标体系、设计流程、分析方法、评价体系、优化 方法5个方面，构建了建成环境景观水文研究框架，包括多目 标集成的景观水文研究目标体系、全过程定量的景观水文规划 设计循证流程、多平台耦合的景观水文分析方法、多准则综合 的景观水文效益评价体系，以及多目标决策的景观水文优化设 计方法。景观水文研究领域的拓展需要跨学科领域的理论与技 术支持，也需要融入人居环境学科的设计方法和逻辑思维。基 于以往研究成果初步构建了建成环境景观水文研究框架，旨在 为景观水文相关研究与应用实践提供思路。     

Succinyl pullulan-crosslinked carboxymethyl chitosan sponges for potential wound dressing

The crosslinked succinyl pullulan-carboxymethyl chitosan composite sponges (Pullulan-CMCS) were fabricated for potential wound dressing. The structure and micromorphology of Pullulan-CMCS sponges were investigated by FTIR spectroscopy and SEM. Pullulan-CMCS sponges had lots of porous structures, making it absorb much liquid and quickly reach swelling equilibrium. WVTR results showed that Pullulan-CMCS sponges can reduce the accumulation of wound exudates in a certain degree. Biocompatibility test showed these sponges had no cytotoxicity or hemolytic potential. In vivo experiments demonstrated that Pullulan-CMCS sponges can effectively heal full-layer wound of skin defects of male ICR mice with accelerated fibroblast proliferation and enhanced epithelial migration.     

Lewis Base Additives Improve the Zeolite Ferrierite‐Catalyzed Synthesis of Isostearic Acids

Isostearic acids (IA) are highly utilized for industrial purposes especially in the area of biolubricants, such as cosmetics and slip additives for polyolefin and related copolymer films. This study was designed to develop a zeolitic catalysis process for efficient IA production through isomerization of fatty acids. The process utilized zeolite protonated Ferrierite with a small amount of base additive to neutralize (i.e., poison) the acidic sites on the external surfaces of the zeolite particles to prevent side reactions. Of the six base additives examined, the proton sponge combined with the zeolite protonated Ferrierite was found to be the most effective for this isomerization. With only 0.5 wt% proton sponge additive to 5.0 wt% Ferrierite, the dimers were successfully suppressed from 20.6 wt% yield to 2.42 wt% with an IA yield of 83.4 wt% and a 98 % conversion.     

电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定核级海绵锆中痕量硼

硼的存在会严重影响核级海绵锆的中子平衡和反应堆的正常运转,因此,需要准确测定核级海绵锆中痕量硼。在采用电感耦合等离子体质谱法(ICP-MS)测定核级海绵锆中痕量硼时,锆基体干扰比较严重,必须对其进行校正或消除。实验用硝酸和氢氟酸溶解样品,以¹¹B为测定同位素,采用标准加入法克服基体干扰,建立了ICP-MS测定核级海绵锆中痕量硼的方法。结果表明,在优化的实验条件下,硼质量浓度在0.50~10.00 μg/L范围内与其对应的信号强度呈线性关系,相关系数为0.999 5,方法检出限为0.038 μg/g,定量限为0.125 μg/g。按照实验方法测定6个核级海绵锆样品中硼,结果的相对标准偏差(RSD)为2.3%,加标回收率为102%;采用分光光度法进行方法对照试验,两种方法测定结果基本一致。     

生物海绵铁载体最佳使用参数研究

通过生物海绵铁复合载体与SBBR结合处理城市生活污水,研究了影响铁离子释放的主要影响因素pH、 DO以及复合载体结合方式对处理效果的影响,最终确定出最佳的设计使用参数。结果表明,复合载体以B方式结合时脱氮除磷效果最佳;进水pH在中性或偏碱性条件下,脱氮除磷效果最佳,氨氮去除率为90%, TP去除率为86%; DO为2~4 mg/L时, COD去除率提高,达到76%, TN、 TP去除率均在85%以上。研究为载体的实际化应用打下了基础,也为同类研究提供了参考。     

Aquafaba,wastewater from chickpea canning,functions as an egg replacer in sponge cake

Aquafaba, the viscous liquid resulting from cooking chickpeas in water is typically discarded. However, this solution is now widely used by the vegan community as an egg replacement that adds texture to food products, such as mayonnaise, pudding, ice cream and baked goods. Sponge cake was prepared with either egg white or aquafaba derived from ten different brands of canned chickpea and the texture and colour were compared. Aquafaba obtained from each chickpea can produced foam which differed in both properties and stability. In addition, aquafaba from some brands provided comparable foam volume and stability to that achieved with egg white. The colour and texture of sponge cake made with either egg white or aquafaba were similar and acceptable, but cakes prepared with aquafaba were less springy, and less cohesive than cake that included egg white. Based on our results, it appears that aquafaba has potential to replace egg white in eggless cake recipes.