淹没水跃的数值模拟

本文通过求解时均N－S方程κ－ε紊流模型，数值模拟了淹没水跃由静止到最终稳定的全过程。采用隐式非正交同位网格有限体积法离散控制方程组，利用动网格技术跟踪自由表面，并由Orlanski开边界条件得到无反射的出口边界。文中给出了淹没水跃在不同时刻自由表面形状、内部流场结构和流速矢量的变化情况，并与试验资料进行了比较。结果表明，本文方法能够准确有效地描述淹没水跃这类复杂自由表面流动的紊动特性。     

运移路径模拟和应用尝试

油气二次运移的方式和方向对具体指出盆地油气资源量所赋存的位置有决定性的意义.在运载层中推动油气运动的作用力主要是浮力和毛细管力,而盖层则起着毛细管阻力作用.因此盖层的形状及空间分布就成了影响运移路径重要的封盖因素.该文试图根据盖层的几何形状特性,建立运移路径模拟模型,开发微机软件运行实施.在一个具体盆地进行运移路径模拟应用的结果反映,与已知勘探情况基本符合,能够检验油气期次性运移的地质概念,可以揭示运移过程,预测可能的运移聚集位置.      

横流环境中射流的数值研究

本文采用标准的k-ε模型及混合有限分析法对均匀横流环境中的铅直圆形射流进行了(射流比0.5～8)数值分析。所得射流轨迹线与实验资料吻合良好，且与理论分析得出了各种射流比(射流出流速度与横流速度之比)情况下的射流轨迹线、对称面上的内外边界线的统一数学表达式，得出了水平面上示踪质影响的最大宽度、射流横断面浓度最大值偏离射流中心值与射流比的关系式，还得出了射流是否发生附壁及产生分叉现象的界限值。文中数值结果清晰地显示射流背流面存在马蹄形的流动结构。     

永8复杂断块油藏水平井地质优化设计

永8块为复杂断块油藏，若全部采用直井开发，不但井网密度大、开采时间长，而且直井防砂后产量低，开发效益不明显。水平井开发的可行性论证认为，出砂的复杂断块油藏适合用水平井开发；水平段应与大断层保持一定的距离且位于正韵律油层的中上部。采用直井和水平井相组合的布井方式，可充分发挥直井钻遇油层层数多和水平井与油层接触面积大、产量高的优势，从而提高复杂断块油藏的开发效果。     

文13西块数值模拟研究

中原油田文13西块纵向和平面非均质严重，油水分布规律性不强。针对油藏存在的问题，采用油藏数值模拟方法，对油田开采历史进行了拟合，得出了剩余油分布状况，找出了剩余油的富集区域。同时还设计了4个开发方案，通过对比分析，推荐出最优开发方案。     

铁路桥梁横向振动模拟及适应快速行车结构型式的研究

针对铁路提速后出现的上承式简支钢板梁桥跨中横向振幅过大的问题,以羊楼司桥(L=32m单跨上承式简支钢板梁桥)为例进行实桥检测和数值模拟,建立车辆、线路、桥梁三者的联合模型,考虑轮轨接触力,应用MSC/DYTRAN大型结构分析程序进行车线桥动力相互作用的仿真分析。研究揭示我国用量最多的C62型货车以70∽80km/h的速度空载通过时,该跨度的钢板梁桥发生横向谐振的机理。此外,用该方法对32m跨长的组合梁结构进行桥梁动力特性及列车走行性分析,表明该结构满足提速货车和高速电动旅客列车走行的要求。研究结果对我国高速铁路桥梁建设和既有桥梁的改造具有积极意义。     

The Transport Properties of Hot Electrons in a Xenon/Methane Mixture

The results are given of numerical solution of the Boltzmann equation in a binomial approximation in view of elastic and inelastic electron collisions in Xe+CH₄ mixtures and in pure methane. The electron energy distribution functions obtained are used to calculate the electron transport coefficients for E/N values of up to several Townsends, i.e., the drift velocity, mobility, average and characteristic energies, diffusion coefficient. The results of calculation for pure methane fit the available experimental data. A similarity rule is found for the electron transport coefficients in a Xe+CH₄ mixture with different concentrations of methane molecules, which enables one to determine the values of transport coefficients in a mixture with a minor (less than 30 percents) methane content.     

The Difference in Turbulent Diffusion between the Active and Passive Scalars in a Thermally Stably Stratified Medium

The difference in the turbulent diffusion between the active (heat) and passive (mass) scalars in a thermally stably stratified medium is investigated. The axisymmetric problem is treated on the formation of a turbulent circulation flow above a heated disk and on the turbulent diffusion of a passive scalar (impurity) from a continuous surface source in a stably stratified medium. The results indicate that the thermal stratification causes appreciable differences in the coefficients of turbulent transfer between the active (heat) and passive (mass) scalars. This means that the assumption of the identity of the coefficient of turbulent diffusion of heat and mass, employed in conventional models of turbulence, produces significant errors in estimating the heat and mass transfer in a thermally stably stratified medium.     

Bifurcation points and bifurcated branches by an asymptotic numerical method and Padé approximants

The aim of this work is to develop a reliable and fast algorithm to compute bifurcation points and bifurcated branches. It is based upon the asymptotic numerical method (ANM) and Padé approximants. The bifurcation point is detected by analysing the poles of Padé approximants or by evaluating, along the computed solution branch, a bifurcation indicator well adapted to ANM. Several examples are presented to assess the effectiveness of the proposed method, that emanate from buckling problems of thin elastic shells. Especially problems involving large rotations are discussed. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

A three‐dimensional model describing stress‐temperature induced solid phase transformations: solution algorithm and boundary value problems

An always increasing knowledge on material properties as well as a progressively more sophisticated production technology make shape memory alloys (SMA) extremely interesting for the industrial world. At the same time, SMA devices are typically characterized by complex multi‐axial stress states as well as non‐homogeneous and non‐isothermal conditions both in space and time. This aspect suggests the finite element method as a useful tool to help and improve application design and realization. With this aim, we focus on a three‐dimensional macroscopic thermo‐mechanical model able to reproduce the most significant SMA features (Int. J. Numer. Methods Eng. 2002; 55 : 1255–1264), proposing a simple modification of such a model. However, the suggested modification allows the development of a time‐discrete solution algorithm, which is more effective and robust than the one previously discussed in the literature. We verify the computational tool ability to simulate realistic mechanical boundary value problems with prescribed temperature dependence, studying three SMA applications: a spring actuator, a self‐expanding stent, a coupling device for vacuum tightness. The effectiveness of the model to solve thermo‐mechanical coupled problems will be discussed in a forthcoming work. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.