Mathematical analysis of viscometric (polymer) flow fields in capillaries: Taylor dispersion revisited

A general formulation for capillary flow of two miscible fluids – one a dilute plug of polymer fluid inserted into a fully developed Poiseuille flow of the other, a Newtonian stream – is examined for its long time behavior. Phenomenologically, the system evolves from an initial state, that of a plug within the boundaries of sharp, well defined fronts inside a Newtonian stream, to a more homogenized state in the very long time scale. This problem was addressed by G.I. Taylor but with regard to a system of two Newtonian fluids, leading to the well-known results commonly described as `Taylor axial dispersion'. In this paper, a general and systematic perturbation analysis is presented from which Taylor's result is recovered as a special case of a more general solution which applies to fluids incorporating elastic properties. In particular, the influence of viscoelasticity and (polymer) diffusivity on the observed pressure profile in the capillary conduit is examined. This effect is clearly separated out for small Peclet number flows using asymptotic and numerical analysis. The results identify the influence of fluid viscosity, elasticity, and diffusivity on the observed pressure profile and form the basis for the improved characterization of polymeric elasticity using capillaries – a finding that is of significant scientific and commercial interest. These results were obtained by the authors as a class of observations resulting from the perturbation analysis of forced-flow capillary devices in viscoelastic fluid property investigation.     

Does a regional accent perturb speech processing?

The processing costs involved in regional accent normalization were evaluated by measuring differences in lexical decision latencies for targets placed at the end of sentences with different French regional accents. Over a series of 6 experiments, the authors examined the time course of comprehension disruption by manipulating the duration and presentation conditions of accented speech. Taken together, the findings of these experiments indicate that regional accent normalization involves a short-term adjustment mechanism that develops as a certain amount of accented signal is available, resulting in a temporary perturbation in speech processing. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Further Establishment of the Field Perturbation Theory of the Pseudogaps in HTSC

Here I establish the field perturbation theory of pseudogaps in HTSC. The proposed ground state suggests an internal particle-hole field, which is normal to nesting surfaces, and having twice the Fermi wave number. It is proved that the system violates momentum conservation by the wave vector of this internal field. This violation applies to the quasi-particle propagators, as well as to the interactions. Interaction vertices via the Pauli matrix-τ₁ are established. This, in turn, establishes the validity of the pseudogap Hartree self-energy.     

层状介质中重力,地震联合反演的迭代算法

本文提出一种用于层状介质中重力、地震资料联合反演层速度、层密度及弯曲界面深度的迭代算法。该方法通过引入加权最小平方目标泛函,将层状介质中的重力、地震资料联合反演问题转化成具体的优化问题。为了得到反问题的最优解,文中系统地研究了层状介质中双摄动处理技术,以及层状介质中波场摄动的一阶 Born 近似解与理论重力异常摄动解。并应用 Tarantola 的反演理论,导出了梯度算子的计算公式。然后应用最速下降法给出了求取最优解的具体算法,得到了一种类似于地震偏移与空间更投影的迭代反演方法。对理论模型进行重力、地震联合反演的结果表明,该方法不仅可碱少未知参数的个数,提高反演的收敛速度,而且可减少反演的不适定性,不失为一种可行的多参数反演方法。     

不适定热传导反问题的两种求解方法及其比较

本文以不适定热传导反问题为对象，采用两种方法进行了求解。一种方法基于对具有测量误差的边界条件进行适当的微扰，使之化为适定问题；另一种方法基于Ｔｉｋｈｏｎｏｖ的正则平滑思想，对反问题中的输入数据进行平滑处理，以便使函数及其一阶导数均实现一致逼近。通过计算与求解表明，两种方法均能得到具有一定精度与稳定性的结果，其中以正则化法更为理想     

Linear variational principle for convex vector maximization

For infinitely dimensional convex vector maximization problems, it is proved that there exists, under certain conditions, an arbitrarily small additive perturbation of the performance criterion by a linear continuous operator such that the perturbed problem has efficient solutions. The study was sponsored by the Ukrainian State Fund for Basic Research __________ Translated from Kibernetika i Sistemnyi Analiz, No. 2, pp. 105–114, March–April 2007.     

随机有限元及其进展──Ⅰ．随机场的离散和反应矩的计算

本文讨论了随机有限元方法近二十年的进展。全文分为独立的两篇，本文为第一篇，其中讨论了随机场的离散，改进的模拟法，随机有限元方程的建立及随机反应各阶矩的计算．     

储能设备获最大功率的改进型光伏充电系统设计

针对光伏充电系统中能量利用率不高的问题,给出了改进型光伏充电系统的硬件及软件系统的设计方法。该系统基于低功耗单片机MSP430F1611,利用扰动观察法,通过控制数字电位器来间接调节MPPT变换器的输出电压,从而光伏电池功率与MPPT变换器效率在比值最优的情况下,可使得储能设备获得最大功率。经过仿真验证,该方法可以达到预期的效果,储能设备在同等条件下能获得更多的电能。     

FMS的模型参考自适应调度

用运筹学研究生产线调度问题已有几十年的历史,但由此得出的调度策略的实时性很差.1986年自动控制工作者提出了“PMS动态自适应计算机调”一词.令人感到十分新奇.可惜.从未见到任何有关的论文.本文研究FMS的模型参考自适应调度.本文采用我们提出的考虑了有限缓冲器容量的极大代数模型.环境的影响反映于对象参数的摄动,本文采用我们提出的摄动计算方法.调度器的设计采用次梯度法,以求解连续变量和离散变量混合的优化问题,附有数字实例,计算和仿真表明:FMS的模型参考自适应调度是可行的,是值得继续深入研究的。     

Aluminum. II. Derivation of C v0from C p and comparison to C v0 calculated from anharmonic models

The specific heat at constant pressure, C _p, of aluminum measured by Ditmars, Plint, and Shukla has been reduced to the volume V ₀ appropriate for 0 K employing the Murnaghan equation. The C _v0 thus obtained is compared with the theoretical C _v0 calculated in the harmonic and the lowest-order anharmonic approximation from three different pseudopotentials (Harrison, Ashcroft, and Dagens-Rasolt-Taylor) as well as a phenomenological Morse potential. The higher-order ( ⁴) anharmonic contributions are calculated from the same nearest-neighbor Morse potential as in the lowest-order anharmonic theory. The role of the vacancy and the higher-order anharmonic contributions to C _v0 has been examined and we conclude that the ⁴ contributions to C _v0 are much smaller than the vacancy contribution. After removal of the vacancy contribution, the reduced C _v0 is found to be in excellent agreement with the Ashcroft and Harrison pseudopotentials as well as the Morse potential including the ² and ⁴ contributions to C _v0.