6061/A356异种铝合金脉冲MIG搭接焊*

利用直流脉冲MIG焊接技术,进行6061变形铝合金与A356铸造铝合金板材的搭接焊接,并分析接头的力学性能、微观组织及元素分布。拉伸试验结果表明,当A356铸造铝合金板在上,6061变形铝合金板在下,焊枪行走速度为10 mm/s时,搭接接头抗拉强度最高,为95 MPa。接头拉伸试样的断裂位置都位于焊缝区,断裂形式主要为混合型断裂。微观组织及元素分析结果表明,在A356铝合金一侧的部分熔融区内发生Fe和Mg元素偏聚,形成了片状Al-Fe-Si相和颗粒状Al-Fe-Mg-Si相,这两种富Fe相会削弱接头性能。在6061铝合金一侧的部分熔融区内产生了晶界液化,形成了Al-Mg-Si-Cu相+Al固溶体贫化区的液化组织,且该相周围有Fe元素偏聚。三角区是接头中最薄弱的位置,接头拉伸试样均起裂于此并最终断裂于焊缝。     

MIG焊接V型熔池特性的数理模型建立

通过对MIG坡口焊接工艺过程的分析将三维焊接物理过程简化为二维数理模型,建立移动高斯热源模型用于描述电弧与工件的热作用,建立熔池内的CFD模型用以描述熔池内熔化／凝固过程的流动传热传质现象,对典型V型坡口焊接过程进行实验和数值模拟研究,通过与实验得到的工件截面金相图对比分析验证了数理模型的准确性,最后对数理模型中高斯热源参数及熔池流动的驱动力机理模型进行了进一步讨论。结果表明通过合理的模型参数选择二维数理模型可以准确地分析MIG坡口焊过程熔池的演变过程。     

Pulsed MIG welding of AZ31B magnesium alloy

Abstract

Pulsed metal inert gas welding of AZ31B magnesium alloy is carried out, and continuous butt joints of high quality are obtained at optimised parameters. The effects of parameters on weld formation and welding stability are studied. The microstructure, mechanical properties and fracture of weld beads with different filler wires are investigated. The results show that it is a stable drop transition process with optimised parameters, which belongs to globular transfer. The precipitates in fusion zone and heat affected zone (HAZ) are uniform, dispersive and almost granular. The grain size in fusion zone is fine, and the grain size does not grow too large in HAZ compared with the base metal. The ultimate tensile strength of weld beads can be 94% of base metal, and the average elongation is 11%. Dimples and coarse tearing ridges can be observed on the fracture of the weld bead.     

单电源双丝脉冲MIG焊交替燃弧的电弧行为

搭建了单电源并联并列式双丝脉冲MIG焊接工艺试验系统,在试验过程中采集了双路焊接电流及电压信号,并对焊接过程中的电弧行为与熔滴过渡过程进行了同步拍摄.应用上述试验系统,在实现稳定焊接过程的基础上,分别研究了焊丝间距,电弧电压两个因素对单电源并联并列式双丝脉冲MIG焊交替燃弧过程的影响.结果表明,随着焊丝间距增加,电弧电压增大,交替燃弧频率减小,交替现象显著.焊接过程中产生的带电粒子的行为方式是交替燃弧现象的重要影响因素.     

Problems of computer modelling and information facilities for diffusion bonding

The methods for improving arc striking with wires of minor diameter and for ensuring the weld formation at a current of 10 A with minimum melting and spatter losses are considered.     

Calculation of the parameters of pulsed laser welding of thin sheets of aluminium alloys

One of the main advantages of the MIG/MAG process is its high productivity. In most of the applications, positive polarity is used, due to its greater arc stability, generation of less splatter and formation of weld beads with suitable geometry. However, in some applications, there is a need for greater production capacity than that offered by conventional MIG/MAG welding. In the literature, it is stated that negative polarity provides a higher fusion rate than positive, despite leading to a high level of splatter and unsuitable formation of the weld bead. Unfortunately, there is not much information available on the effects of the process variables in this polarity, much less justification for such. Therefore, this work is an attempt to try to understand the reason why there is a higher deposit rate in negative polarity, as well as the related effect on the geometry of the weld beads. To do this, comparative MIG/MAG welds were produced in both positive and negative polarities, using two compositions of shielding gases at two current values. The transfer mode and the behaviour of the arc were analysed by synchronized profiling. The geometric profile of the weld bead was evaluated by means of metallographic procedures. From the results, which disagree in part with the current literature, it was seen that both the transfer mode as well as the morphology and the appearance of the weld bead are dependent on the composition of the shielding gas. To explain the phenomena inherent in the greater fusion rate of wire in DC ? , the suggestion is that the fact that arc scales the sides of the wire in this polarity may be the governing factor.     

Retrofitment of a CNC machine for omni-directional tungsten inert gas cladding

ABSTRACT

Metal inert gas (MIG), Tungsten INERT GAs (TIG), laser and Electron beam (EB) cladding processes are used in cladding-based Additive manufacturing (AM). Only in the case of MIG, the raw-stock is fed axially into the molten pool resulting in the omni-directional cladding. In other processes, the raw-stock is fed off-axially into the molten pool resulting in deviation in the bead geometry from its actual trajectory and varying bead cross-section along the path. As the trajectories vary widely in cladding-based AM, it is required to maintain a consistent raw-stock feeding condition (namely, front, back or sides). Therefore, an auxiliary wire orienting mechanism has been developed which can be easily retrofitted with a conventional TIG cladding torch and CNC machine. The wire orientation angle is computed on-the-fly and hence the NC programme need not provide this information. Although this implementation was demonstrated for TIG, the same methodology holds good for laser and EB too.     

高氮不锈钢与675高强钢焊接接头微观组织与力学性能

根据低强匹配原则,采用ER307Mo不锈钢焊丝对13.5 mm厚高氮不锈钢和675高强钢进行了脉冲MIG焊接试验.结果表明,当焊接速度为5 mm/s、送丝速度为5.5～6.0 m/min、焊接电流为155～166 A、电弧电压为19.6～20.3 V时,可以得到成形良好、性能较佳的焊接接头.焊缝组织主要由奥氏体与铁素体...     

双旁路耦合电弧MIG焊熔滴过渡受力分析

针对双旁路耦合电弧熔化极惰性气体保护(Metal inert gas,MIG)焊过程,使用高速摄像采集不同旁路电流下的熔滴过渡图像,通过图像处理提取熔滴过渡数据信息,并对熔滴所受的主要作用力进行定量计算。根据计算结果对比分析不同参数下熔滴受力的动态变化情况,研究旁路电弧对熔滴过渡的促进机理。结果表明,在焊接总电流较大的情况下电磁力对双旁路耦合电弧MIG焊熔滴过渡的影响最显著,旁路电弧可以促进熔滴上弧根面积的扩展和熔滴缩颈的形成,通过增加向下的电磁力来促进熔滴过渡,且旁路电流越大旁路电弧对熔滴过渡的促进作用越明显;在焊接总电流不变的情况下,随着旁路电流的增加熔滴过渡频率随之增加,熔滴尺寸随之减小,熔滴过渡形式逐渐由大滴过渡转变为喷射过渡。     

回旋行波管收集极初始条件的研究

为了确定回旋行波管收集极入口的初始条件,利用CST2009模拟回旋行波管静态电子的运动轨迹,以3D模型,更直观、形象的显示出电子在回旋行波管中的运动轨迹。模拟计算表明,在电子注电压为70kV,电子注电流为10．4A,工作磁场为l.5T时,回旋行波管的电子注发射出的电子最终降落在收集极的530～700mm处。模拟结果为回旋行波管的设计和收集极的热分析提供了有效的依据。