纳米氧化铝薄膜湿度传感器的研制

研究了阳极氧化三氧化二铝多孔膜的制备工艺,采用两步阳极氧化法和独特的后处理工艺获得了孔洞分布均匀、孔径大小一致且耐水合的多孔氧化膜,分析了传感器的湿敏特性:传感器的湿滞<2%,响应时问<10s,恢复时间<40s,性能非常优良.     

锂硫电池硫正极材料研究现状与展望

综述了锂硫电池硫正极材料的研究现状。针对锂硫电池目前存在的问题,展望了其发展趋势,并指出硫/有序多孔碳纳米复合材料对提升锂硫电池性能有重要研究价值;同时形成三维空间传导网络的导电添加剂和具有良好粘接性、导电性及电化学稳定性的粘结剂对锂硫电池性能提升也具有重要作用。     

超小型片式多层陶瓷电容器内电极印刷工艺研究

该文介绍了在超小型片式电容器内电极印刷中影响质量的诸多因素,并分析其原因,具体探讨了丝网网框、网布、丝印制版工艺对印刷质量的影响.结果表明,通过选用合适的网框、网布,使用镜面处理感光胶的制版技术,可以达到理想的印刷效果及合适的镍电极层厚度.     

硅酸钠对TC4钛合金微弧氧化电极参数及陶瓷膜的影响

硅酸钠是影响微弧氧化过程和微弧氧化膜结构的重要因素之一.采用恒压模式,以Na2SiO3,CH3COONa,EDTA·2Na为溶液,在TC4钛合金表面微弧氧化制备了陶瓷涂层,研究了Na2SiO3浓度对起弧电压,电极电流,陶瓷膜厚度、表面形貌、粗糙度以及陶瓷膜相组成的影响.结果表明:Na2SiO3有降低起弧电压和电极电流的...     

双染料共敏化的纳米晶二氧化钛多孔电极的光伏特性研究

通过化学吸附方法，在二氧化钛多孔电极上修饰甲基卟啉和酞菁锌两种染料，制备出双染料／ＴｉＯ２电极。酞菁和卟啉在可见光区有不同的吸收范围，它们共同修饰可使ＴｉＯ２电极在可见光区的光谱吸收和光电流响应具有较宽的范围，可提高对太阳光的利用率，改善电极的光电转换特性。     

Temperature effect on lifetimes of AMTEC electrodes

The alkali metal thermal to electric converter (AMTEC) is perhaps one of the most desirable devices for directly converting heat into electrical energy, particularly for deep space exploration, where time can be prolonged from a decade to a score of years. Its stability is expected to last for a long time, 15 years or more. The two major components responsible for power output of AMTEC are the electrolyte and the electrode. In this work, we describe research on the AMTEC electrodes, which might function without much power degradation as a function of time.     

Multilayer additive manufacturing of catalyst-coated membranes for polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells by inkjet printing

Inkjet printing is a versatile, contactless and accurate material deposition technology. The present work is focused on developing innovative strategies for inkjet printing of Catalyst-Coated Membranes (CCM) by performing Additive Manufacturing (AM) applied to Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cells (PEMFC), without resorting to intermediate substrates. Three different approaches for AM are presented and discussed: a) inkjet-printing of the membrane ionomer layer and the top catalyst layer; b) inkjet-printing of both catalyst layers onto a membrane; c) inkjet-printing of the ionomer layer as well as the catalyst layers onto the reinforcement layer of the membrane. The produced catalyst and membrane layers were characterized and proved uniform in terms of catalyst loading (0.2–0.4 and 0.08 mg_Pt cm^?2 for cathode and anode, respectively), ionomer distribution and thickness homogeneity (4 μm for catalyst layers). The fully inkjet-printed CCM outperformed conventionally made assemblies in electrochemical-performance testing, even reaching 15% higher power density.     

Nafion/polyaniline/silica composite membranes for direct methanol fuel cell application

This work investigates the characterization and performance of polyaniline and silica modified Nafion membranes. The aniline monomers are synthesized in situ to form a polyaniline film, whilst silica is embedded into the Nafion matrix by the polycondensation of tetraethylorthosilicate. The physicochemical properties are studied by means of X-ray diffraction and Fourier transform infrared techniques and show that the polyaniline layer is formed on the Nafion surface and improves the structural properties of Nafion in methanol solution. Nafion loses its crystallinity once exposed to water and ethanol, whilst the polyaniline modification allows crystallinity to be maintained under similar conditions. By contrast, the proton conductivities of polyaniline modified membranes are 3–5-fold lower than that of Nafion. On a positive note, methanol crossover is reduced by over two orders of magnitude, as verified by crossover limiting current analysis. The polyaniline modification allows the membrane to become less hydrophilic, which explains the lower proton conductivity. No major advantages are observed by embedding silica into the Nafion matrix. The performance of a membrane electrode assembly (MEA) using commercial catalysts and polyaniline modified membranes in a cell gives a peak power of 8 mW cm⁻² at 20 °C with 2 M methanol and air feeding. This performance correlates to half that of MEAs using Nafion, though the membrane modification leads to a robust material that may allow operation at high methanol concentration.     

The influence of surface morphology of TiO2 coating on the performance of dye-sensitized solar cells

The optimization of solar energy conversion efficiency of dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) was investigated by the tuning of TiO₂ photoelectrode's surface morphology. Double-layered TiO₂ photoelectrodes with four different structures were designed by the coating of TiO₂ suspension, incorporated with low and high molecular weight poly(ethylene glycol) as a binder. Among these four systems, P2P1, where P1 and P2 correspond to the molecular weight of 20,000 and 200,000, respectively, showed the highest efficiency under the conditions of identical film thickness and constant irradiation. This can be explained by the larger pore size and higher surface area of P2P1 TiO₂ electrode than the other materials as revealed by scanning electron microscopic (SEM) and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) analyses. Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) analysis shows that P2P1 formulation displayed a smaller resistance than the others at the TiO₂/electrolyte interface. The best efficiency (η) of 9.04% with the short-circuit photocurrent density (J_sc) and open-circuit voltage (V_oc) of 18.9 mA/cm² and 0.74 V, respectively, was obtained for a solar cell by introducing the light-scattering particles to the TiO₂ nanoparticles matrix coated on FTO electrode having the sheet resistivity of 8 Ω/sq.