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51.
涡轮增压柴油机模拟计算等压法的探讨 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
针对有些模拟计算可以忽略排气压力波的影响,提出了等压法计算的设想,这是一种每一工作循环缸外热力过程只计算一次的简化方法。分析结果表明,这种计算可以满足零维模型必须满足的所有制约方程,能真实地模拟涡轮增压柴油机的实际工作过程,适用于各种增压系统,但仍有待于进一步的研究与改进。根据等压法,建立了一种适用于定压涡轮系统的计算模型--“定压涡轮”模型,用于MPC增压系统的计算,计算结果与试验结果基本吻合,与容积法计算结果趋于一致,从而验证了模型的正确性,同时也表明这种缸外计算法是有效的。 相似文献
52.
The aluminium species in different tea infusions were investigated, by determining their stability constants and concentration. This was done for some particular samples using a simple experimental method based on the sorption of aluminium on the strongly sorbing resin Chelex 100, by a batch procedure. From the thermodynamic information obtained it is possible to calculate the concentration of the different species, and in particular that of the free metal ion, which is very important for evaluating the adsorption of aluminium on biological membranes. It was found that aluminium in the tea infusions here considered is present at high total concentration, approximately 0.1 mM, but mainly linked to strong complexes, for instance with side reaction coefficient higher than 10(5.11) at pH 3.95 in one case (tea 1). This could be the reason for the low toxicity of aluminium in tea. These strong complexes were not dissociated even in the presence of Chelex 100. In this case only a limiting value of the reaction coefficient could be evaluated. The presence of the very strong complexes was found in all the tea sample here considered. In two of the considered samples (one black and one green tea) a part of Al(III) was linked to less strong complexes, for example with a reaction coefficient 10(4.14) (tea 2, pH 4.20). The presence in the considered tea infusions of other substances able to complex aluminium was also detected, by the well known ligand titration procedure, at concentration ranging from 0.65 to 3.37 mM in three tea infusions, and at somewhat higher concentration in the case of the ready drink, which was also considered for comparison. 相似文献
53.
陈训诰 《冶金标准化与质量》2004,42(1):37-40
分析材料试验机度盘偏转角度小 (准确度低 )、试样打滑、定义 (上屈服强度 -下屈服强度 -屈服强度 )模糊、不同应力速率等导致误读 ,并针对误读原因提出纠正方法。 相似文献
54.
Patrick Musonda 《Computational statistics & data analysis》2008,52(4):1942-1957
Second-order expressions for the asymptotic bias and variance of the log relative incidence estimator are derived for the self-controlled case series model in a simplified scenario. The dependence of the bias and variance on factors such as the relative incidence and ratio of risk to observation period are studied. Small-sample performance of the estimator in realistic scenarios is investigated using simulations. It is found that, in scenarios likely to arise in practice, asymptotic methods are valid for numbers of cases in excess of 20-50 depending on the ratio of the risk period to the observation period and on the relative incidence. The application of Monte Carlo methods to self-controlled case series analyses is also discussed. 相似文献
55.
The article analyzes the influence of the Internet Protocol (IP) access interface on the packet loss probability and delay
times in the optical packet switched network. The network and node model have been proposed, and the structure of the IP access
interface, including assembler and holder, have been included in the analysis. It has been shown that the increase of the
maximum optical packet sizes, as well as use of the holding feature as contention resolution mechanism, decrease the packet
loss probability, but introduce delays at the optical network access points. Modeling and analysis were based on the discrete
event simulation assuming self-similar traffic sources. IP packet lengths were modeled using empirical data.
This work has been conducted while the author was affiliated with the Telecommunication Laboratory, Swiss Federal Institute
of Technology (EPFL-STI-ITOP-TCOM), Lausanne, Switzerland 相似文献
56.
W. A. Curtin 《Journal of Computer-Aided Materials Design》1996,3(1-3):157-163
Summary The conceptual and computational issues regarding the development of models to predict microstructure/mechanical-property relationships in advanced ceramics are discussed. Advanced ceramics provide a particular challenge because their higher toughness or reliability, relative to monolithic ceramics, is a result of stable, distributed damage evolution. Capturing the details of distributed damage at atomistic and microstructural length scales is computationally prohibitive, but only in certain systems does it appear plausible to neglect atomistic and crack-tip details in favor of larger-scale damage propagation and interaction. Examples, mainly from the author's own work, are briefly presented to indicate the range of problems that have been addressed and the relative successes and failures. 相似文献
57.
采用表面效应集总模型综合考虑表面费米能级钉扎和表面复合效应,对AlGaAs/GaAsHBT表面效应的影响进行了二维数值模拟。结果表明,表面态的存在对集电极电流几乎不产生影响,但显著增加基极电流,使得电流增益明显下降。同时还发现在台面结构AIGaAs/GaAsHBT中外基区表面复合的集边效应,即外基区表面复合主要发生在发射极台面与外基区的交界处附近,与外基区长度基本无关。模拟还表明基区缓变结构可以减少表面复合,提高电流增益。 相似文献
58.
漳泽水库最优兴利调度研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
漳泽水库供水能力下降。优化调度方式是提高水库效益的最有效途径。通过采用随机动态规划方法与模拟模型交互运算得到现行控制水位的水库优化调度图。采用同样方法对不同控制水位的水库运行方式进行优化调度,选出的规划水库最优控制水位为汛限水位904 .5 m ,正常高水位905 .5 m 。优化的控制水位方案在保障水库防洪安全的前提下可供给城市生活和工业用水6 300 万m3 ,较现行控制水位下的供水量提高1 255 万m3 。但农业用水仍然不足,应采取一定措施给予解决,如对灌区工程进行改造,因地制宜采取不同节水措施和污水回用等。 相似文献
59.
PDC钻头在胜利油田深井钻井中的应用 总被引:5,自引:2,他引:3
胜利油田为提高深井钻井速度,试验应用了PDC钻头,结果表明,深井钻井应用PDC钻头可大幅度提高机械钻速,缩短建井周期,降低钻井成本,经济效益明显。通过大量的现场试验,扩大了PDC钻头在胜利油田的使用范围,并取得很好的效果,初步形成了PDC钻头推广应用区域模式。详细介绍了胜利油田不适用PDC钻头钻进的地层岩性,给出了钻头选型及钻井参数选择原则,并对应用效果进行了分析。 相似文献
60.
Marco Dalai Author Vitae 《Automatica》2007,43(8):1418-1425
In this paper we consider the problem of constructing confidence regions for the parameters of nonlinear dynamical systems. The proposed method uses higher order statistics and extends the LSCR (leave-out sign-dominant correlation regions) algorithm for linear systems introduced in Campi and Weyer [2005, Guaranteed non-asymptotic confidence regions in system identification. Automatica 41(10), 1751-1764. Extended version available at 〈http://www.ing.unibs.it/∼campi〉]. The confidence regions contain the true parameter value with a guaranteed probability for any finite number of data points. Moreover, the confidence regions shrink around the true parameter value as the number of data points increases. The usefulness of the proposed approach is illustrated on some simple examples. 相似文献