梯度折射率棒中传播的高斯光束轨迹解析解及其存在条件的讨论

本文提出光束轨迹方程的一般解，导出解析解的存在条件，推广了文献［１］的光线传播理论，文中以一特定梯度折射率棒为例，讨论了高斯光束在棒中的传播特性。     

Thermal Diffusivity in Supercritical Fluids Measured by Thermal Lensing

Thermal diffusivities of supercritical CO₂ and C₂H₆ were determined over a wide density range with a photothermal technique. The thermal lens, formed by the degradation of the absorbed light energy as heat by the sample, allows the employment of a nonequilibrium method in the critical region. Controlling the refractive-index gradient, i.e., a density gradient, perturbations can be maintained at levels where convection is negligible. An easy-to-operate setup allowed us to measure thermal diffusivities in the density ranges 5 to 20 mol·dm^–3 for CO₂ at 308 and 313 K and 2 to 12 mol·dm^–3 for C₂H₆ at 308 K with a standard precision of 15%.     

共聚物水凝胶的合成及其溶胀性能研究

以过氧化二苯甲酰(BPO)为引发剂，合成了N-乙烯基吡咯烷酮(NVP)-甲基丙烯酸肛羟乙酯(HEMA)-甲基丙烯酸丁酯(BMA)共聚物水凝胶，可作为软性角膜接触镜材料。探讨了不同比例的NVP、HEMA、BMA对材料溶胀性能的影响。     

栅控电子枪理论新探

本文主要是利用电子光学静电透镜原理，研究栅网对栅控电子枪的影响，以及如何消除这种影响。结果表明，理论分析的结果与实验相符，对实际栅控电子枪的设计具有一定的指导意义。     

自聚焦透镜用于端泵浦DPL的耦合光学系统

本文用自聚焦透镜耦合ＬＤ输出，解决了需要短焦距、大数值孔径透镜的设计和制方面的困难。提出了计算自聚焦透镜耦合效率的简化模型。用自聚焦透镜和一对正交柱面透镜设计了一个耦合系统，并用该耦合系统端泵浦Ｎｄ：ＹＡＧ棒做了实验。     

Plasma lens experiment at the final focus test beam

The proposed plasma lens experiment at the Final focus Test Beam (FFTB) facility of the Stanford Linear Accelerator Center has been approved by the adminstration. The experiment would allow the examination of plasma focusing devices for particle beams in the parameter regime of interest to future high-energy colliders. It is expected to lead to compact plasma lens designs capable of focusing the beam to unprecedented small spot sizes.     

内含柱面透镜的象散腔

本文用矩阵光学的方法研究了内含柱面透镜的象散腔，给出了其稳定图，此图清楚地显示出由于象散作而使用腔稳定工作区域大大缩小，本文还给了显示象散特征的稳定脸膜参数计算公式，并作了数值计算。     

pHEMA: An Overview for Biomedical Applications

Poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (pHEMA) as a biomaterial with excellent biocompatibility and cytocompatibility elicits a minimal immunological response from host tissue making it desirable for different biomedical applications. This article seeks to provide an in-depth overview of the properties and biomedical applications of pHEMA for bone tissue regeneration, wound healing, cancer therapy (stimuli and non-stimuli responsive systems), and ophthalmic applications (contact lenses and ocular drug delivery). As this polymer has been widely applied in ophthalmic applications, a specific consideration has been devoted to this field. Pure pHEMA does not possess antimicrobial properties and the site where the biomedical device is employed may be susceptible to microbial infections. Therefore, antimicrobial strategies such as the use of silver nanoparticles, antibiotics, and antimicrobial agents can be utilized to protect against infections. Therefore, the antimicrobial strategies besides the drug delivery applications of pHEMA were covered. With continuous research and advancement in science and technology, the outlook of pHEMA is promising as it will most certainly be utilized in more biomedical applications in the near future. The aim of this review was to bring together state-of-the-art research on pHEMA and their applications.     

A PRACTICAL METHOD FOR RECTIFYING INTERFACIAL TENSION DATA TO PREDICT THE SHAPE OF INTERFACES IN AN IMMISCIBLE LIQUID/LIQUID/GAS SYSTEM

The shape of interfaces formed by the contact of two liquid phases, immiscible with each other, and a gaseous phase can be predicted on the condition that the tension to work at each interface is known with a sufficient accuracy. In general, interfacial tension data available are not so accurate, however, as to be useful as they are in predicting the shape of interfaces, particularly when the spreading coefficient of either liquid (liquid 1) on the other (liquid 2) has a negative value of a small magnitude. Presented in this note is a simple method to rectify the interfacial tension data, with the aid of a measurement of the radius of a lens of liquid 1 of a known volume placed on the horizontal surface of liquid 2, and thereby make them usable for predicting interfacial geometries. The method is tested by applying it to benzene/water and n-pentane/water systems.     

The elusive role of the N-terminal extension of {beta}A3- and {beta}Al-crystallin

ß-Crystallins are structural lens proteins with aconserved two-domain structure and variable N- and C-terminalextensions. These extensions are assumed to be involved in quaternaryinteractions within the ß-crystallin oligomers orwith other lens proteins. Therefore, the production of ßA3-and ßAl-crystallin from the single ßA3/A1mRNA by dual translation initiation is of interest. These crystallinsare identical, except that ßAl has a much shorterN-terminal extension than ßA3. This rare mechanismhas been conserved for over 250 million years during the evolutionof the ßA3/A1 gene, suggesting that the generationof different N-terminal extensions confers a selective advantage.We therefore compared the stability and association behaviourof recombinant ßA3- and ßAl-crystallin.Both proteins are equally stable in urea- and pH-induced denaturationexperiments. Gel filtration and analytical ultracentrifugationestablished that ßA3 and ßA1 both form homodimers.In the water-soluble proteins of bovine lens, ßA3and ßA1 are present in the same molecular weight fractions,indicating that they oligomerize equally with other ß-crystallins.¹H-NMR spectroscopy showed that residues Met1 to Asn22 of theN-terminal extension of ßA3 have great flexibilityand are solvent exposed, excluding them from protein interactionsin the homodimer. These results indicate that the differentN-terminal extensions of ßA3 and ßA1 donot affect their homo- or heteromeric interactions.