Two-step design of critical control systems using disturbance cancellation integral controllers

An efficient critical control system design is proposed in this paper. The key idea is to decompose the design problem into two simpler design steps by the technique used in the classical loop transfer recovery method (LTR). The disturbance cancellation integral controller is used as a basic controller. Since the standard loop transfer recovery method cannot be applied to the disturbance cancellation controller, the nonstandard version recently found is used for the decomposition. Exogenous inputs with constraints both on the amplitude and rate of change are considered. The majorant approach is taken to obtain the analytical sufficient matching conditions. A numerical design example is presented to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed design.     

An improved new error estimation algorithm for optimal filter lengths for stereophonic acoustic echo cancellation

In this paper, we propose an new error estimate algorithm (NEEA) for stereophonic acoustic echo cancellation (SAEC) that is based on the error estimation algorithm (EEA) in [Nguyen-Ky T, Leis J, Xiang W. An improved error estimate algorithm for stereophonic acoustic echo cancellation system. In: International conference on signal processing and communication systems, ICSPCS’2007, Australia; December 2007]. In the EEA and NEEA, with the minimum error signal fixed, we compute the filter lengths so that the error signal may approximate the minimum error signal. When the echo paths change, the adaptive filter automatically adjusts the filter lengths to the optimum values. We also investigate the difference between the adaptive filter lengths. In contrast with the conclusions in [Khong AWH, Naylor PA. Stereophonic acoustic echo cancellation employing selective-tap adaptive algorithms. IEEE Trans Audio, Speech, Lang Process 2006;14(3):785-96, Gansler T, Benesty J. Stereophonic acoustic echo cancellation and two channel adaptive filtering: an overview. Int J Adapt Control Signal Process 2000;4:565-86, Benesty J, Gansler T. A multichannel acoustic echo canceler double-talk detector based on a normalized cross-correlation matrix. Acoust Echo Noise Control 2002;13(2):95-101, Gansler T, Benesty J. A frequency-domain double-talk detector based on a normalized cross-correlation vector. Signal Process 2001;81:1783-7, Eneroth P, Gay SL, Gansler T, Benesty J. A real-time implementation of a stereophonic acoustic echo canceler. IEEE Trans. Speech Audio Process 2001;9(5):513-23, Gansler T, Benesty J. New insights into the stereophonic acoustic echo cancellation problem and an adaptive nonlinearity solution. IEEE Trans. Speech Audio Process 2002; 10(5):257-67, Benesty J, Gansler T, Morgan DR, Sondhi MM, Gay SL. Advances in network and acoustic echo cancellation. Berlin: Springer-Verlag; 2001], our simulation results have shown that the filter lengths can be different. Our simulation results also confirm that the NEEA is better than EEA and SM-NLMS algorithm in terms of echo return loss enhancement.     

一种高效的QMC检测算法

基于垂直分层空时码的MIMO-OFDM系统提出一种高效的QMC检测算法,该算法对信道矩阵进行一次排序QR分解,对最先检测的信号层采用ML-OSIC算法,用M算法检测中间的信号层,逐层增加保留值M以提高算法有效性,利用串行干扰消除检测余下的信号层。与QRD-M算法相比,QMC检测算法能降低计算复杂度。仿真结果表明,该算法以更低的计算复杂度获得更接近最大似然检测的性能,取得性能与复杂度之间的折中更理想。     

基于自适应噪声抵消的CZ单晶炉炉膛温度信号处理

为滤除CZ单晶炉炉膛温度信号在单晶生长过程中存在的低频干扰,提出一种基于噪声抵消技术的滤波方法.首先利用傅立叶级数构造出低频干扰的逼近信号,然后根据炉温信号的缓变特征建立能够获取低频干扰逼近信号的抵消器误差函数,最后利用一种改进的粒子群优化算法优化误差函数获得低频干扰的逼近信号,并用该逼近信号抵消低频干扰.实验结果表明,所提出的自适应噪声抵消滤波算法能够有效滤除CZ单晶炉炉膛温度信号中的低频干扰,并优于常用的滤波方法.     

A novel associative memory approach to speech enhancement in a vehicular environment

Numerous attempts have been undertaken to apply the spectral subtraction method to cancel noise perturbations but these efforts have yet to produce an algorithm that is able to adapt well to the environmental changes in the perturbations. In addition, the variants of the spectral subtraction method so far proposed in the literature would require a non-voice activity detector (NVAD), for a single microphone system, to store the perturbation. This is used as an estimate for the reference signal. Inaccuracy in the perturbation estimates causes the cleaned speech to be corrupted by musical artifacts, which is unacceptable. Post processing of signals corrupted by the musical artifacts is very costly. This paper provides an alternative approach that employs associative memory for speech enhancement. Extensive comparison is made using the soft computing approaches for noise cancellation based on associative memories. A set of stereo microphones captures the corrupted speech in a vehicle and is used to point to the closest associative memory location. The Wiener filter approach is used to cancel the noise. The paper discusses novel examples of the associative memories using the cerebellum model for noise modeling. Experimental results show the potential of these novel soft computing architectures in generating and adapting the required Weiner filters to cancel perturbation even at signal to noise ratio (SNR) of less than −13 dB.     

同频同时全双工数字自干扰抵消算法

同频同时全双工是第五代移动通信（5G）提出的核心概念之一,其关键技术为自干扰抵消。其中数字抵消具备灵活高效的优势,进一步提高其性能是降低全双工节点的成本、功耗和复杂度的重要途径。本文首先介绍了基本数字抵消算法——信道估计重构法的原理,然后从提高自适应性、提高自干扰信号还原准确性以及实现简化三个角度介绍了改进算法。最后,展望了全双工数字自干扰抵消算法未来的研究方向,为全双工架构和算法设计提供参考。     

A new robust double-talk detector based on the Stockwell transform for acoustic echo cancellation

Despite great developments in the field of acoustic echo cancellation (AEC), the presence of double-talk remains difficult problem. The main role of double-talk detection (DTD) is to control adaptation of the filter coefficients by halting their update in double-talk situations. In this paper, we propose a new method of DTD based on a time–frequency analysis that uses the Stockwell transform (ST).The ST is a time–frequency spectral localization method that combines the characteristics of the short-time Fourier transform and the wavelet transform. This method provides better time–frequency resolution, especially for non-stationary signals. In the experimental tests, the normalized least mean squares (NLMS) algorithm is used to update the filter coefficients along with speech signals taken from the TIMIT database. The obtained results show better performance compared to existing methods in terms of misalignment convergence and speech intelligibility enhancement.     

基于FPGA的多路无串扰超声测距系统的设计与实现

本文给出了一种基于现场可编程门阵列（FPGA）的多路无串扰超声测距系统的设计与实施方案。在前期设计的超声收发一体的硬件电路基础上,本文采用FPGA作为整个测距系统的核心,用于控制编码超声序列的收发及实现基于相关算法的测距。系统中采用有限状态机设计思想,充分利用FPGA中存储器资源。基于前期对不同种类的编码与调制组合性能的评估,本文选择了Gold序列结合二值频移键控调制方式激励超声换能器。为降低回声相关计算的复杂度和减少FPGA内资源占用,采用二值极化相关的方法处理回声信号以捕获渡越时间。实验测试结果表明,该测距系统在35厘米到420厘米的范围内可实现10毫米的测距精度,并可有效消除超声串扰。     

噪声ICA模型去偏技术研究

偏差去除算法通常假设高斯噪声条件下对普通ICA算法进行修正来消除噪声带来的影响。但是存在高斯噪声条件时,普通ICA算法对解混矩阵仍然可以辨识。故引入基于QR分解的RLS自适应噪声抵消算法和Fast-ICA算法相结合,只需对观测信号进行去噪处理,不需要对解混矩阵修正。并分别在同一噪声和相关噪声条件下做了仿真实验,与LMS-ICA算法进行了比较。仿真实验证明,该方法比后者效果显著。提出了用最小二乘算法计算分离信号的输出信噪比,作为评价算法的性能指标。     

浅谈AutoCAD绘制建筑图的几点技巧

AutoCAD软件由于其强大的绘制功能,目前已经广泛应用于各个行业领域,但是如果对一些技巧应用得当就会使绘图效率提高很多,起到事半功倍的效果。就AutoCAD的表格制作、对象的选择,点划线的显示以及快捷命令的应用等作了一些探索。