一种使用双滤波器的回声消除算法

首先讨论了回声消除中的双端发声问题，指出传统的双端发声检测方法用于回声消除时，其不可避免的误检会导致回声消除系统性能严重恶化，使系统不稳定。本文提出一种使用双滤波器的回声消除算法。该算法使用自适应滤波器跟踪回声信道，使用一个辅助滤波嚣和自适应滤波器一起完成回声消除。实验结果表明．谊算法与传统算法相比，运算量相当;但在双端发声期间，该算法稳定性更高，回音往返损耗增强（Echo return loss enhancement，ERLE）有明显的改善。     

Optical Trajectories and the Informational Basis of Fly Ball Catching.

D. M. Shaffer and M. K. McBeath (see record 2002-02027-006) plotted the optical trajectories of uncatchable fly balls and concluded that linear optical trajectory is the informational basis of the actions taken to catch these balls. P. McLeod, N. Reed, and Z. Dienes (see record 2002-11140-016) replotted these trajectories in terms of changes in the tangent of optical angle over time and concluded that optical acceleration is the informational basis of fielder actions. Neither of these conclusions is warranted, however, because the optical trajectories of even uncatchable balls confound the information that is the basis of fielder action with the effects of those same actions on these trajectories. To determine the informational basis of fielder action, it is necessary to do the control-theory-based Test for the Controlled Variable, in which the informational basis of catching is found by looking for features of optical trajectories that are protected from experimentally or naturally applied disturbances. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

电磁结晶结构滤波特性

二维电磁结晶结构是近年来提出的一种新的设计，它具有良好的滤波特性，可以有效的抑制串扰和表面波的发生。文中利用电磁仿真软件ENSEMBI正对二维电磁结晶结构的滤波特性进行仿真和研究，ENSEMBLE正软件是基于矩量法进行仿真和计算，验证电磁结晶结构的滤波特性。     

A Bayesian paradox and its impact on the GUM approach to uncertainty

The paper presents ideas and observations about the use of the frequentist and the Bayesian approach to estimation and uncertainty. The merits and the pitfalls of the Bayesian approach, compared with the frequentist one, are illustrated using a simple example, which gives rise to an instructive paradox. The impact of the paradox on the GUM approach to uncertainty prescribed in Supplement 1 is highlighted and discussed.     

Crossing Paths in Human Renal Cell Carcinoma (hRCC)

Historically, cell-signaling pathways have been studied as the compilation of isolated elements into a unique cascade that transmits extracellular stimuli to the tumor cell nucleus. Today, growing evidence supports the fact that intracellular drivers of tumor progression do not flow in a single linear pathway, but disseminate into multiple intracellular pathways. An improved understanding of the complexity of cancer depends on the elucidation of the underlying regulatory networks at the cellular and intercellular levels and in their temporal dimension. The high complexity of the intracellular cascades causes the complete inhibition of the growth of one tumor cell to be very unlikely, except in cases in which the so-called “oncogene addiction” is known to be a clear trigger for tumor catastrophe, such as in the case of gastrointestinal stromal tumors or chronic myeloid leukemia. In other words, the separation and isolation of the driver from the passengers is required to improve accuracy in cancer treatment. This review will summarize the signaling pathway crossroads that govern renal cell carcinoma proliferation and the emerging understanding of how these pathways facilitate tumor escape. We outline the available evidence supporting the putative links between different signaling pathways and how they may influence tumor proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, angiogenesis, metabolism and invasiveness. The conclusion is that tumor cells may generate their own crossroads/crosstalk among signaling pathways, thereby reducing their dependence on stimulation of their physiologic pathways.     

Elimination of drift-like errors in intelligent cyclic A/D converters

The paper presents a new method of elimination of influence of drift-like errors in so called intelligent cyclic A/D converters, in particular, errors caused by drifts (droops) of voltage at the output of sample-and-hold blocks. The method is based on application of the extended multi-dimensional algorithm, which estimates simultaneously values of the input sample and drift rate. Implementation of the extended algorithm in the intelligent cyclic A/D converters requires only insignificant changes in the digital part of the converter and does not increase their production costs. The motivations to these investigations resulted from practical realizations of the intelligent cyclic A/D converter in CMOS technology and difficulties in design of a precise sample-and-hold circuit. The results of selected simulation experiments related to analysis of influence of a droop rate on the final performance of the intelligent cyclic A/D converters employing the standard (one-dimensional) and extended algorithms are discussed and compared in the paper. The results of experiments show that application of the proposed solution enables efficient functioning of the converters even in the presence of relatively large drifts.     

On the performance of digital adaptive spur cancellation for multi-standard radio frequency transceivers

This study deals with the asymptotic performance of a multiple-spur cancellation scheme. Radio frequency transceivers are now multi-standard and specific impairment can occur. The clock harmonics, called spurs, can leak into the signal band of the reception stage, and thus degrade the performance. The performance of a fully digital approach is presented here. A one-spur cancellation scheme is first described, for which we exploit the a priori knowledge of the spur frequency to create a reference of the polluting tone with the same frequency. A least-mean-square (LMS) algorithm block that uses this reference to mitigate the polluter is designed. However, due to imperfections in the physical components, there is a shift between the a priori frequency and the actual frequency of the spur, and the spur is affected by Brownian phase noise. Under these circumstances, we study the asymptotic and transient performance of the algorithm. We next improve the transient performance by adding a previously proposed adaptive-step-size process. In a second part of this paper, we present a multiple-spur parallel approach that is based on the one-spur cancellation scheme, for which we provide a closed-form expression of the asymptotic signal-plus-noise interference ratio in the presence of frequency shifts and phase noise.     

自适应噪声抵消系统的设计与性能仿真

LabVIEW作为一种图形化虚拟仪器编程语言,其在信号的生成、分析和处理上优势明显。利用其可以设计虚拟的自适应噪声抵消系统,从而可以应用于实际工程中对噪声抵消性能的测试验证。本文针对强噪声背景下有用信号的提取问题,介绍了自适应噪声抵消的原理,并对3种基本自适应滤波算法的步骤与流程进行了阐述。基于LabVIEW图形化虚拟仪器编程语言设计了虚拟自适应噪声抵消系统,系统结构简单,人机交互界面较好。在该系统下以3种自适应滤波算法为例仿真验证了的噪声抵消的性能,结果表明,3种自适应滤波算法的滤波性能与实际分析相符,验证了所设计系统的有效性和正确性。     

基于LabVIEW的干扰消除装置测试系统设计

针对实验室干扰消除装置测试系统仪器较多位置分布较远,测控过程中需要操作的项目繁琐重复的问题,利用LabVIEW虚拟仪器软件开发平台和LXI总线技术开发了一套自动测试系统。该系统结合现实需求,成功与仪器进行通信,能实现试验中仪器参数的设置、波形的读取和测量以及数据的保存等功能,且可以完成信号变频、变幅、调制等多种组合情况下的自动滤波除去干扰,结果表明系统具有良好的人机交互界面,运行过程稳定、高效、自动化程度高,可扩展性好,具有很好的应用前景。     

联合多分组接收和模糊逻辑控制功率策略

针对无线网络节约能耗的要求,提出了一种联合多分组接收和模糊逻辑控制功率策略,采用串行干扰消除法,根据无线节点的传输功率等级,将功率等级划分为多分组接收能够正常解码的功率等级,并以任一无线节点到邻接节点的距离、邻接节点的个数和无线节点的剩余能耗为模糊逻辑控制的输入参数来控制各无线节点的功率选择。仿真结果表明,与现有的几种经典的基于功率控制的串行干扰消除算法方案相比,联合多分组接收和模糊逻辑控制功率策略的无线网络具有更大的有效吞吐量及更长的生存时间。