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91.
Two zinc-rich powder coatings are applied onto phosphatised steel substrate and are studied using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). Measurements are performed before (dry experiment) and during immersion in artificial sea water. Before immersion, EIS spectra show that percolation threshold is not attained for coating A, while coating B presents an effective percolation. In this latter case, and in order to account for the distribution of the zinc particles within the coating described as isolated, semi-isolated and percolant grains, a distributed transmission line model is proposed. When panels are immersed, the model is modified due to the electrolyte penetration through the coating, in particular with the introduction of an ionic resistance. However, it is shown that EIS spectra are not significantly modified when this ionic resistance is changed. 相似文献
92.
针对海洋水产品腹泻性毒素检测问题,设计了一种新型的基于细胞阻抗传感器(ECIS)的毒素快速检测分析系统。相对于传统的毒素检测方法,该系统具有操作简便,高一致性和高通量等特点。介绍了系统的硬件设计和软件设计,通过对系统整体性能测试以及使用神经母细胞瘤细胞(Neuro-2a)对腹泻性贝毒(DSP)大田软海绵酸(OA)进行毒性检测实验,用以验证系统平台的可行性。实验结果表明,基于细胞传感器的海洋水产品腹泻性毒性检测系统具备快速,长期,无损和高通量测量的特点,为腹泻性毒素检测提供了新的平台。 相似文献
93.
94.
This study has developed an electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) method for the in situ investigation of the influence of positive plate compression on the electrochemical behaviour of lead-acid batteries during charge/discharge cycling. The EIS data for a fully charged and fully discharged battery are internally consistent with the expected kinetics of a battery in the opposite states of charge, and demonstrate that EIS measurements may be recorded with a high level of reproducibility. Furthermore, this study has necessitated the development of a special cell incorporating horizontally orientated battery plates that can be subjected to elevated pressure through the stacking of lead bricks on top of the cell, as well as a physically robust reference electrode system that can withstand the application of pressure. For this purpose, a platinum-wire pseudo-reference electrode has been developed, and has been shown to exhibit sufficient electrode stability over the period of an EIS recording, enabling the measurement of reproducible and meaningful EIS data. Additionally, the influence of positive plate compression on the behaviour of the lead-acid battery has been investigated by using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Clearly, the experimental data show that plate compression enhances significantly the kinetics and concomitant performance of the lead-acid battery, and this is related to the enhanced reactivity of the active material, as rationalized by using the agglomeration-of-spheres (AOS) model. 相似文献
95.
Charge transfer on boron doped diamond (BDD) electrodes was studied by cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy.
The diamond films of 5 μm thickness and boron content between 200 ppm and 3000 ppm were prepared by the hot filament CVD technique
on niobium substrate and mounted in a Teflon holder as rotating disk electrodes. The electrochemical measurements were carried
out in aqueous electrolyte solutions of 0.5 M Na2
SO
4 + 5 mM K3[Fe(CN)6]/K4[Fe(CN)6]. Significant deviation in the redox behaviour of BDD and active Pt electrodes was indicated by a shift of the peak potentials
in the cyclic voltammograms with increasing sweep rate and lower limiting diffusion current densities under rotating disk
conditions. In the impedance spectra an additional capacitive element appeared at high frequencies. The potential and rotation
dependence of the impedance spectra can be described quantitatively in terms of a model based on diffusion controlled charge
transfer on partially blocked electrode surfaces. Direct evidence for the non-homogeneous current distribution on the diamond
surface was obtained by SECM measurements. 相似文献
96.
K2FeO4 powders were synthesized by the ex-situ and in-situ electrochemical methods, respectively, and characterized by infrared spectrum (IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) and BET. Their electrochemical performances were investigated by means of galvanostatic discharge and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The results of physical characterization showed that the two samples have simi- lar structural features, but their surface morphologies and oriented growth of the crystals are different, which results in smaller specific surface area and lower solubility of the ex-situ electrosynthesized K2FeO4 sample. The results of discharge experiments indicated that the ex-situ electrosythesized K2FeO4 electrode has much larger discharge capacity and lower electrode polarization than the in-situ electrosynthesized K2FeO4 electrode. It was found from the results of EIS that lower electrochemical polarization might be responsible for the improvement on the discharge performance of the ex-situ electrosynthesized K2FeO4 electrode. 相似文献
97.
化学镀Ni-P-Cr2O3和Ni-P-SiO2复合镀层的研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
KARTHIKEYAN S SRINIVASAN K N VASUDEVAN T JOHN S 《电镀与涂饰》2007,26(1):1-6
本文对化学镀镍及化学镀镍磷基质中SiO2与Cr2O3的共沉积进行了研究.微粒在不断生长的膜层中共沉积引起了新的化学复合镀层的出现,这些复合镀层许多都具有优异的耐磨及耐蚀性能.通过选取镀层合金/复合微粒/金属基体的组分可改进镀层,获得所需的性能,以满足特别的需求.在对这些复合镀层的应用需求正在迫近与增长的同时,其市场正在迅速扩张.本文开发出了一种合适的复合化学镀镍液,并通过维氏硬度法对化学复合镀镍层进行了表征.采用动电位极化及交流阻抗法测定了镀层的Taber耐磨性能及耐蚀性能.采用SEM及XRD对复合镀层的表面形貌进行了分析. 相似文献
98.
In the present study, different types of 75% Cr3C2-25% NiCr coatings were applied on a steel substrate by means of high velocity oxygen fuel spraying (HVOF), and studied using ac and dc electrochemical measurements in an aerated and unstirred 0.5 M H2SO4 solution. Structural characterization was determined before and after electrochemical tests. Differences between all sprayed systems are related to the gun transverse speed and number of deposited layers, which strongly affected the electrochemical characteristics of the coated steels. The coating obtained with a higher torch speed showed better resistance against corrosion. The electrochemical impedance results were analyzed using an equivalent circuit where porosity of the coatings and substrate oxidation were considered. 相似文献
99.
A.H Moreira A.V BenedettiP.T.A Sumodjo J.A GarridoP.L Cabot 《Electrochimica acta》2002,47(17):2823-2831
The electrochemical corrosion and passivation of Al5Zn1.7Mg0.23Cu0.053Nb alloys, submitted to different heat treatments (cold-rolled, annealed, quenched and aged, and quenched in two steps and aged), in sulphate-containing chloride solutions, has been studied by means of cyclic polarization, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The cyclic polarization curves showed that sulphate addition to the chloride solution produced a poor reproducible shift of the breakdown potential to more positive potentials. The repassivation potentials, much more reproducible, and practically separating the passive from the pitting potential region, were slightly displaced in the negative direction with that addition. When the alloys were potentiodynamically polarized in the passive potential region, sulphate was incorporated in the oxide film, thus precluding chloride ingress. In addition, Zn depletion was favoured, whereas Mg losses were avoided. Different equivalent circuits corresponding to different alloys and potentials in the passive and pitting regions were employed to account for the electrochemical processes taking place in each condition. This work shows that sulphate makes these alloys more sensitive to corrosion, increasing the fracture properties of the surface layer and favouring the pitting attack over greater areas than chloride alone. 相似文献
100.
Dynamic surface control-backstepping based impedance control for 5-DOF flexible joint robots 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
A new impedance controller based on the dynamic surface control-backstepping technique to actualize the anticipant dynamic
relationship between the motion of end-effector and the external torques was presented. Comparing with the traditional backstepping
method that has “explosion of terms” problem, the new proposed control system is a combination of the dynamic surface control
technique and the backstepping. The dynamic surface control (DSC) technique can resolve the “explosion of terms” problem that
is caused by differential coefficient calculation in the model, and the problem can bring a complexity that will cause the
backstepping method hardly to be applied to the practical application, especially to the multi-joint robot. Finally, the validity
of the method was proved in the laboratory environment that was set up on the 5-DOF (degree of freedom) flexible joint robot.
Tracking errors of DSC-backstepping impedance control that were 2.0 and 1.5 mm are better than those of backstepping impedance
control which were 3.5 and 2.5 mm in directions X, Y in free space, respectively. And the anticipant Cartesian impedance behavior and compliant behavior were achieved successfully
as depicted theoretically. 相似文献