Tailoring the electron-blocking layer by addition of YSZ to Ba-containing anode for improvement of ceria-based solid oxide fuel cell

The in-situ fabrication of an electron-blocking layer between the Ba-containing anode and the ceria-based electrolyte is an effective approach in suppressing the internal electronic leakage in ceria-based solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC). To improve the thickness of the electron-blocking layer and to research the effect of the layer thickness on the improvement of SOFC, a Ba-containing compound (0.6NiO-0.4BaZr_0.1Ce_0.7Y_0.2O_3-δ) modified by Y stabilized zirconia (YSZ) was employed as a composite anode in this research. SEM analyses demonstrated that the thickness of the interlayer can be simply controlled by regulating the proportion of YSZ at anode. The in-situ formed interlayer in the cell with the anode modified by 20?mol% YSZ possesses a thickness of 0.9?µm which is more suitable for the cell achieving an enhanced performance.     

基于VOF模型的层叠器流动过程分析及流道结构优化

基于FLUENT软件的流体体积(VOF)模型研究了不同壁面滑移程度以及不同流道结构参数下4层等厚熔体通过层叠器倍增为8层熔体时,流道中熔体的分层情况变化。结果表明,壁面滑移程度的降低会促使熔体在上下壁面聚集,进而导致上下壁面处熔体层厚增加;汇流段与出口段间圆角半径、汇流段扩压角和平衡段长度这3个结构参数则只会影响熔体在左右壁面的聚集,进而影响各层熔体的尺寸精度,且其中扩压角的影响程度最大,平衡段长度次之,圆角半径的影响较小。     

Formation of a protective layer against corrosion on Mg alloy via alkali pretreatment followed by vanillic acid treatment

Although Mg alloy possesses high specific strength, low density, and good biocompatibility, poor corrosion resistance hinders its further applications. In the present study, an innovative protective layer against corrosion was prepared on the AZ31 Mg alloy via alkali pretreatment followed by vanillic acid treatment. The alkali pretreatment supplied –OH for the AZ31 Mg alloy surface to react with vanillic acid. The vanillic acid treatment played a crucial role in enhancing the corrosion resistance due to the excellent ability to act as a barrier and retard aqueous solution penetration, which effectively isolated the underlying Mg alloy from the corrosive environment. The corrosion current density of alkali and vanillic acid-treated Mg alloy (AZ31V) almost showed two orders of magnitude lower values in comparison with that of the AZ31 Mg alloy, and the corrosion potential of AZ31V Mg alloy increased from −1.41 to −1.25 V. The immersion tests proved that there was no occurrence of severe corrosion. Hence, the alkali pretreatment and vanillic acid treatment may represent a promising method to improve the corrosion resistance of Mg alloy.     

Isolation of the effect of the hairy layer length on the mechanical properties of waterborne coatings

The effect of the acidic hairy layer length on the interdiffusion of polymer between particles and as a consequence on the mechanical properties of the films produced from waterborne coatings has been studied. In order to isolate this effect, latexes with the same particle diameter and molecular weight but stabilized with poly(acrylic acid)-block-poly(butyl acrylate) (PAA-b-PBA) block copolymers of controlled and different lengths were prepared. Tensile strength measurements showed at the macroscopic level that the presence of AA chains in the particle surface reduced the mechanical properties of the films dried at room temperature, being its effect worse the longer the AA chain length. Higher annealing temperatures erased the negative effect of the acidic hairy layer on mechanical properties. The neutralization with NaOH instead of with NH₄OH also led to worse mechanical properties. These macroscopic results were supported by Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer (FRET) experiments that showed that at the microscopic level, the extent of interdiffusion occurred slower when the AA chains in the particles surface increased, the annealing temperature was lower and when NaOH was used as neutralizing agent instead of NH₄OH.     

测井资料在优选压裂层位中的应用

压裂是低孔、低渗油层改造的主要增产措施。根据常规测井资料、岩石物理实验分析数据及试油成果。研究储层四性关系，确定区块的低孔、低渗储层评价标准。进一步对油层进行分类，有针对性地为油层压裂提供施工层位和准确的储层参数。通过商543区块实例，阐述了选择压裂层位的方法。     

探针馈电圆柱共形微带天线阻抗特性的FDTD法分析

将圆柱坐标系下非分裂式理想匹配层吸收边界条件(UPML)引入到圆柱共形微带天线的全波分析中，并给出了其中的场量迭代方程，明显地减小了计算空间，简化了编程；提出了圆柱坐标系下考虑有限尺寸探针半径的新算法，使得计算结果更加精确；应用GPOF方法预估了时域晚时响应，使计算时间减少了70％～90％。本文给出的模型能够对任意多层圆柱共形结构的微带天线进行计算，因此对此类天线的CAD设计具有实际意义。     

湘中海相浅层湘冷1井酸压工艺研究及应用

湘冷1井具有气层埋藏浅（400m-500m）、纵向上裂隙发育的特点，属低孔、低渗的含泥质灰岩致密储层。大量室内实验和研究采用“前置液酸压＋闭合酸化”工艺技术，并优选了相应降阻酸和闭合酸配方。通过酸压实现了该井工业油气流的突破，取得了明显的增产效果，为新区海相浅层气的开发探索出了一套成熟的改造增产措施。     

油藏中分散非连续残余油膜的驱替机理分析

水驱后的残余油膜将贴于孔隙壁面，为壁面边界层流体，处于三相界面的包围和共同作用下。目前的调研结果显示，油膜的组成及力学特性沿孔壁方向上是变化的。在化学驱过程中油膜不仅受到驱油剂的驱替作用。还受驱油剂／油界面张力、油／固体界面张力及驱油剂／固体界面张力的阻碍作用。由于油膜组成、力学特性及相间作用的复杂性．以往对油膜驱替机理的研究都是从微观实验的角度对现象作观察和定性解释。本文根据水驱后残余油膜在油藏孔隙中存在的特点，提出了油膜驱替的简化模型。基于油膜驱替的微观实验，采用数值方法从定量的角度分别计算了不同黏弹性驱油剂在不同的驱油剂／原油界面张力作用下对残余油膜的驱替效率。考察了驱油剂的流变性、驱油剂／油界面张力、驱替速度等因素对驱替不同厚度油膜的影响规律。进一步探讨了驱油剂／原油界面特性和流变性在驱替残余油中的综合作用。研究结果表明，驱油剂对油膜的驱替始于驱油剂／油界面，要同时克服驱油剂／油界面约束力和油膜的屈服应力。降低界面张力、增强驱油剂的黏弹性、增加驱替速度，有利于提高驱替残余油膜的驱替效率。适当增加驱油刑的黏弹性可以放宽驱替薄油膜时对超低界面张力的要求。图13参9。     

低渗低温低压水敏性储气层压裂改造技术研究与应用

低渗低温低压水敏性储气层因压裂液快速破胶困难、黏土膨胀水敏伤害严重和压后压裂液返排动力不足等因素，使得压裂增产面临诸多难题。针对上述难题进行了技术攻关，形成了弱交联、低温活化剂与超量破胶剂的低温储层快速破胶技术、有机盐与无机盐双元体系复合防膨技术以及高比例液氮全程助排的排液技术。该压裂增产改造技术使牛101井头屯河组首次获得工业油气流，扩展了三塘湖盆地勘探空间。     

试油井选层压裂新工艺及现场试验

设计新型可洗井封隔器，保障油井有反洗井通道，有效防止封隔器以上砂埋所引发的管柱砂卡事故，并对新型封隔器、控制开关、密封接头、同心大通径压力计托筒等井下工具组合优化。解决了多层油井任意选层压裂、求产、测井温一体化的难题。