卤化银乳剂颗粒上不对称菁染料J－聚体荧光的研究

卤化银乳剂颗粒上不对称菁染料Ｊ－聚体荧光的研究齐晓燕，陈次平，周本茂，阎文鹏（中国科学院感光化学研究所，北京１００１０１）关键词光谱增感，染料Ｊ－聚体，荧光，荧光寿命，电子转移光谱增感机理的研究是感光科学中的一个重要课题Ｇｉｌｍａｎ［１］和Ｋｕｈｎ等...     

Analysis of saturated free fatty acids from pollen by HPLC with fluorescence detection

A sensitive method for the determination of free fatty acids using 2‐(2‐(anthracen‐10‐yl)‐1H‐naphtho[2,3‐d]imidazol‐1‐yl) ethyl‐p‐toluenesulfonate (ANITS) as tagging reagent with fluorescence detection has been developed. ANITS could easily and quickly label fatty acids in the presence of the K₂CO₃ catalyst at 90 °C for 40 min in N,N‐dimethylformamide solvent. From the extracts of rape bee pollen samples, 20 free fatty acids were sensitively determined. Fatty acid derivatives were separated on a reversed‐phase Eclipse XDB‐C₈ column by HPLC in conjunction with gradient elution. The corresponding derivatives were identified by post‐column APCI/MS in positive‐ion detection mode. ANITS‐fatty acid derivatives gave an intense molecular ion peak at m/z [M+H]⁺; with MS/MS analysis, the collision‐induced dissociation spectra of m/z [M+H]⁺ produced the specific fragment ions at m/z [M–345]⁺ and m/z 345.0 (here, m/z 345 is the core structural moiety of the ANITS molecule). The fluorescence excitation and emission wavelengths of the derivatives were λ_ex = 250 nm and λ_em = 512 nm, respectively. Linear correlation coefficients for all fatty acid derivatives are >0.9999. Detection limits, at a signal‐to‐noise ratio of 3 : 1, are 24.76–98.79 fmol for the labeled fatty acids.     

Measurement of residual stresses in injection‐molded polymer parts by time‐resolved fluorescence

Time‐resolved fluorescence properties of 9‐methylanthracene (9MAn) dispersed in film of polyvinylchloride (PVC) containing carbon black were studied under tensile loadings. The fluorescence lifetime of 9MAn decreased from 5.70 to 5.55 ns, whereas the stresses acting on the films increased from 0 to 3 MPa. The change in fluorescence lifetimes of 9MAn during the stress relaxation process showed that the fluorescence lifetimes were correlated with the stresses, not with the strains. The results suggest that 9MAn is a useful probe for monitoring stresses acting on the matrix. With the use of the fluorescence properties of 9MAn, the residual tensile stresses on the skin‐layer of PVC injection‐molded test pieces were estimated. The estimated residual stresses were about ～ 1 MPa. The residual stresses were relaxed to 0 MPa with annealing at 100°C. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 83: 2600–2603, 2002     

秋季太湖叶绿素a浓度荧光反演研究

基于2007年11~12月太湖全湖实测水质参数和光谱数据,首先利用高斯方程对遥感反射率进行过滤分解,找出叶绿素a(chl\|a)吸收峰675 nm以后的荧光反射峰(Fluorescence Peak:FP),再以662 nm处的反射率为基准,采用归一化荧光高度法进行叶绿素a浓度(C chl-a)反演,得到chl-a反演模型。基于高斯分解获取的chl-a的荧光反射峰值R(FP)与662 nm处的反射率R (662)比值［R(FP)/R(662)］与C chl-a之间存在显著的相关性,该模型为秋季太湖水体C chl-a的最佳反演模型。在高悬浮泥沙条件下,该模型能够较好地表示出叶绿素荧光高度与叶绿素浓度之间的关系,为C chl-a反演提供新的方法和依据,并为传感器敏感波段的选取和设置提供参考。     

激发态光物理的拓扑控制：对（N，N＇－二正癸基）氨基苯甲腈的簇集与光诱导分子内电荷转移

在水－二氧六环混合介质中，对二正癸基氨基苯甲腈（ＤＤＡＢＮ）分子，在水的体积分数超过０．５后，发生簇集并可观察到双重荧光发射且长波长发射带位置与在纯二氧六环中相近。该发射带被证实系分子内扭转电荷转移（ＴＩＣＴ）带。吸收光谱表明ＤＤＡＢＮ簇集体为Ｊ－型。     

Films formed from polystyrene latex/clay composites: A fluorescence study

This study reports a steady-state fluorescence (SSF) technique for studying film formation from surfactant-free polystyrene (PS) latex and Na-montmorillonite (SNaM) composites. The composite films were prepared from pyrene (P)-labeled PS particles and SNaM clay at room temperature and annealed at elevated temperatures in 10-min intervals above glass transition temperature (t₃) of polystyrene. During the annealing processes, the transparency of the film improved considerably. Scattered light (I_s) and fluorescence intensity (I_p) from P were measured after each annealing step to monitor the stages of film formation. Evolution of transparency of composite films was monitored by using photon transmission intensity, I_tr. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to detect the variation in physical structure of annealed composite films. Minimum film formation temperature, T_q, and healing temperatures, T_h, were determined. Void closure and interdiffusion stages were modeled and related activation energies were determined. It was observed that both activation energies increased as the percent of SNaM was increased in composite films.     

Properties of aqueous solutions for two binary mixed systems between two kinds of bile salts and nonionic surfactants

The micellar properties of aqueous binary mixed solutions for two systems consisting of sodium cholate (NaC)-octaoxyethylene glycol mono n-decyl ether (C₁₀E₈) and sodium glycocholate (NaGC)-C₁₀E₈ have been studied on the basis of surface tensions, polarity of the micelle interior and the mean aggregation number. Application of two theoretical treatments, based on regular solution and excess thermodynamic quantities for critical micellar concentration (CMC) data from surface tension curves of two mixed systems showed that the mole fraction of each bile salt in the mixed micelles near the CMC is lower than that of the corresponding prepared mole fraction in the mixed solution. The polarity of the interior suggested that the hydrophobicity of intramicelles increased with the increase of the mole fraction of bile salt in the mixed solution and that the mixed micelles become dramatically more hydrophobic at a mole fraction of 0.68 for NaGC−C₁₀E₈ system and 0.75 for NaC−C₁₀E₈ system, respectively. This implies that the micelles become richer in the bile salt molecules and the tendency appears strongly for NaGC−C₁₀E₈ system due to the strong cohesion between the conjugated glycines in the NaGC molecules. The decrease of aggregation number with the increase of the mole fraction of bile salts shows that the micelles approach those of the single system of each bile salt. This supports the previously mentioned facts.     

咔唑腙为荧光指示剂的亚硝酸根传感器

合成了一种共轭的咔唑二聚体荧光载体9-乙基-3-咔唑亚甲基-咔唑腙(ECCH),用PVC包埋的方法可以将它固定在光纤传感器的表面,在溶液pH值为2.0时,亚硝酸根(NO2-)与过量的碘离子(I-)反应生成的碘三离子(I3-)能猝灭此ECCH光极膜的荧光.得到了可以检测NO2-的传感器,并讨论了此传感器的传感机理.传感器具有较好的稳定性、重现性和选择性,使用寿命长等优点.NO2-测定的线性范围为1.0×10-6~1.0×10-4mol.L-1;检出限为4.0×10-7mol.L-1.将传感器用于水样中NO-2的直接测定,回收率在96.0%~103.6%.     

丹参水浸提液的荧光光谱特性

釆用三维和二维荧光法对中药丹参水浸提液的荧光特性进行了研究。丹参水浸提液在三维荧光等高线光谱中出现2个荧光峰,其激发波长分别为2433、37 nm,发射波长为437 nm。丹参素、丹参酚酸A、丹参酚酸B及原儿茶醛与丹参水浸提液的二维荧光光谱比较研究表明,丹参水浸提液的荧光光谱是各种丹参酚酸化合物的荧光光谱的叠加,其中丹参酚酸B对丹参水浸提液荧光强度贡献最大,且荧光发射波长相同。在近中性条件下,丹参水浸提液荧光强度与浓度之间呈良好的线性关系,可以作为定量分析丹参中总酚酸的依据。丹参水浸提液的三维荧光光谱具有指纹图谱特征,可以用于丹参的定性鉴别。在pH 7.0~12.7丹参水浸提液荧光发射光强度随pH增大呈现递减甚至消失的变化,同时丹参素的380 nm荧光有所增强,丹参酚酸化合物在碱性环境下易于水解应该是其主要原因。     

LED激发叶绿素荧光探测仪的设计研究

对蓝光激发叶绿素的荧光光谱进行了分析,讨论了叶绿素荧光光谱的来源,采用调制式470nm绿光LED激发叶绿素,制成叶绿素荧光光谱仪,线性范围0—100μg／L,检出限0．1μg／L,该方法快速、灵敏、有很好的特异性．