Impairment of long-term associative memory in aging snails (Lymnaea stagnalis).

Age-dependent impairment in learning and memory functions occurs in many animal species, including humans. Although cell death contributes to age-related cognitive impairment in pathological forms of aging, learning and memory deficiencies develop with age even without substantial cell death. The molecular and cellular basis of this biological aging process is not well understood but seems to involve a decline in the aging brain's capacity for experience-dependent plasticity. To aid in resolving this issue, we used a simple snail appetitive classical conditioning paradigm in which the underlying molecular, cellular, and neural network functions can be directly linked to age-associated learning and memory performance (i.e., the Lymnaea stagnalis feeding system). Our results indicate that age does not affect the acquisition of appetitive memory but that retention and/or consolidation of long-term memory become progressively impaired with advancing age. The latter phenomenon correlates with declining electrophysiological excitability in key neurons controlling the feeding behavior. Together, these results present the Lymnaea feeding system as a powerful paradigm for investigations of cellular and molecular foundations of biological aging in the brain. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

大庆长垣以东古隆起天然气成藏条件的差异性

由长垣以东地区深层天然气分布特征，指出安达—肇州和朝阳沟—肇东古隆起是天然气运移指向和聚集的有利场所。造成安达—肇州古隆起上天然气显示好于朝阳沟—肇东古隆起上天然气显示，前者已获得了大量工业气流，而后者仅见少量气流或显示。但由于天然气在供气条件、储集条件、盖层条件、圈闭条件和运移条件上的差异，造成安达—肇州古隆起本身天然气显示也存在差异，昌德构造、卫星—升平构造和汪家屯构造天然气显示好于模范屯—肇州西构造天然气显示。     

流体势与油气运聚规律研究——以孤东地区为例

流体势是地下流体所有能的综合表现,不同的流体(如油、气、水)在各自的势场作用下,有各自的势场分布规律运动.通过研究地下流体势空间分布模式,可确定盆地流体系统构成,提高对油气运移规律的认识,明确预测有利油气聚集区,提高钻探成功率.研究表明,孤东地区地下流体势类型分为高势区、低势区,高势区分布与活跃生油洼陷分布一致,是孤东地区油气成藏的主要烃源区和动力源区.低势区与目前的油气田吻合较好.由此可依据流体低势区来预测新的油气聚集部位.      

Evaluation of Serum Volume Losses During Long-Term Storage

Aliquots of serum collected in a large case-control study of cervical cancer were stored at −70°C for up to 4 years during implementation of the study. When 500 μL serum aliquots were thawed in preparation for carotenoid and vitamin A assays, volumes were noticeably variable and fell below 500 μL in the majority of the samples. We were concerned about evaporation/sublimation during storage of the samples because loss of water would concentrate the analytes of interest. We evaluated the use of density and sodium ion concentration measurements to confirm its occurrence. We found that serum density was an unreliable indicator of extent of volume loss since the anticipated increases in density due to evaporation were of the same magnitude as inter-individual variation in serum density. In contrast, Na⁺ concentration is tightly regulated and would rise if water had been lost from the samples. In a representative sample of serum aliquots from the case-control study, 24 of 25 vials contained less than 500 μL of serum. The mean sodium ion concentration (138.1 ± 3.6 mmol/L) was within the normal range for human serum of 136–145 mmol/L, and no correlation was observed between serum volume and Na⁺ concentration. These results strongly suggest that the observed low volumes were not due to evaporative losses. Instead, the variably low volumes of serum aliquots were probably due to pipetting errors in the initial aliquotting resulting from the use of air-displacement pipettes.     

遵义后坝奥陶系红花园组油苗岩石轻烃特征分析

遵义后坝奥陶系红花园组生物碎屑灰岩中发现油苗和沥青,经过气/源岩、沥青/源岩对比,震旦、寒武及奥陶系产层轻烃C₆₊₇结构组成基本一致,奥陶系含油苗灰岩轻烃星图与震旦系泥岩、寒武系沥青砂岩星图较为相似,显示红花园组油苗主要来源于震旦系和下古生界过成熟或高成熟海相烃源岩,油气经历了较长距离的运移,得以在奥陶系中保存下来。这对评价该地区油气前景有重要意义,预示着可能存在一套特殊的含油气组合,存在以O₁h古风化壳储集层为目的层的勘探领域。在兴文—叙永一线以西地区现今下古生界储盖组合保存良好,在适当的构造圈闭中可形成油气藏。志留系和二叠系产层轻烃C₆₊₇与震旦系、寒武系及奥陶系等产层轻烃C₆₊₇明显有别,星图对比性差,表征它们之间成烃母质或沉积环境均有不同。      

北非库弗腊盆地油气成藏条件及地质风险初探

库弗腊盆地是在稳定结晶基底上形成的大型古生代克拉通内坳陷盆地。油气地质评价认为，该盆地发育始寒武系一自垩系的浅海相与河流相交互沉积，依据钻井、露头、孢粉组合可将其沉积序列划分为8套地层单元。推测盆地存在3套烃源岩：始寒武系泥岩、奥陶系泥岩、志留系Tanezzuft组泥岩，其中Tanezzuft组泥岩是盆地最有可能的烃源岩。库弗腊盆地可能存在奥陶系一志留系和始寒武系两套成藏组合，盆地模拟结果表明盆地的两个沉积中心（uri槽和Kalanshiyu槽）的烃源岩已达到生油窗范围，是否存在有效烃源岩是决定该盆地油气潜力的主要因素和油气勘探的最大地质风险所在。图4参18     

用潜坝对抚州市南区水厂取水口淤沙进行治理

多沙河流中的水厂取水口，枯水期经常存在淤沙，影响抽水。以往的治理方法多是采用丁坝群束水冲沙，但坝田淤高有碍行洪，对城市防洪不利．南区水厂采用潜坝方案，兼顾防洪．通航等要求，缩小治理范围，用十分简易的方法获得成功，且投资更省，值得在类似工程中推广运用．     

渤海湾盆地复式油气聚集带高勘探程度区进一步挖潜的领域

渤海湾盆地复式油气聚集区经过了40年的勘探,目前已进入了高勘探程度区.油气聚集的复杂规律表明,渤海湾盆地仍具有巨大的资源潜力,进一步挖潜的领域非常广阔.以第三系为烃源岩的含油气层系的勘探精度仍有待于进一步提高,同时必须将以古生界、中生界和中上元古界为烃源岩的含油气层系作为今后挖潜的重要领域.渤海湾盆地任何层系都可能形成和聚集油气,因此仍有多种复杂的油气藏类型尚待进一步认识和发现.     

双轴旋转惯导系统误差传播特性分析

针对双轴旋转惯导系统的误差传播特性问题,推导出双轴旋转惯导系统的误差方程,通过特征值判据证明了误差方程在李雅普诺夫意义下的稳定性,设计了一种合理的十六次序转位方案,建立了研究误差传播特性的方法,分别仿真了初始对准误差角、陀螺常值漂移、陀螺安装误差、陀螺标度因数误差4种因素对导航误差传播特性的影响。结果表明,4种误差因素大小均与导航误差大小成线性关系,并且满足叠加性;4种误差因素会引起导航姿态、导航速度、导航纬度的常值误差和振荡误差,但不会引起积累误差;陀螺标度因数误差会引起导航经度误差的积累和发散。最后提出了减小双轴旋转惯导系统导航误差的措施,对设计双轴旋转惯导系统有一定的参考价值。     

堆积体内部裂隙对降雨入渗的影响

降雨条件下滑坡体稳定性与裂隙诱发入渗密切相关。为了探究裂隙发育对堆积体降雨入渗的影响,以澜沧江某巨型堆积体坡表发育的裂隙现象为出发点,设计了均质堆积体和主-次裂隙堆积体2种模型。通过室内物理模拟试验及数值分析,并结合土体中的含水率、基质吸力、湿润锋迁移速度及深度的变化趋势可得出以下结论:裂隙型堆积体在降雨1 h和观测23 h的整个时间段内,其湿润锋迁移变化趋势可归纳为入渗加速→峰值→入渗减速→趋向于0;裂隙的存在为雨水入渗提供了有利的通道,雨水可到达土体深部,形成暂态饱和区,随降雨结束又逐渐消散;降雨在裂隙型发育的堆积体中的入渗过程可分为4个阶段,即前期完全入渗、裂隙下方强烈入渗、补偿加速入渗及水平侧渗。研究结果可为后续滑坡复活机理和稳定性评价提供参考。