基于CPLD的光电编码器角位移拟合测速法

针对常用的M法和T法无法满足增量式光电编码器整个测速范围内误差要求的问题,提出了对码盘信号进行角位移拟合求采样时刻即时速度的新方法,在匀加速条件下对这3种方法进行了仿真实验,比较了测速误差。实验结果表明,角位移拟合法在整个速度范围内都能获得很高的测速精度和误差一致性。最后用CPLD对该方法加以实现,给出了Verilog硬件描述语言的设计程序和3种方法的实验结果比较。基于CPLD的实现方法电路简单,运行稳定可靠,处理速度快,为角位移拟合法提供了一种非常好的实现方法。     

基于快速双边滤波的图像高光去除研究

在各向异性的物体中,高光被视为是漫反射分量以及镜面反射分量的一种线性组合。单幅图像的高光去除是计算机视觉中一项非常有挑战性的课题。很多方法试图将漫反射分量、镜面反射分量进行分离,然而这些方法往往需要图像分割等预处理过程,方法鲁棒性较差且比较耗时。基于双边滤波器设计了一种高效的高光消除方法,该方法利用最大漫反射色度存在着局部平滑这一性质,使用双边滤波器对色度的最大取值进行传播与扩散,从而完成整幅图像高光去除。方法采用一种加速策略对双边滤波器进行速度优化,与目前流行的方法相比,有效提升了方法的执行效率。与传统方法相比,该方法高光去除效果更好,处理速度更快,非常适用于一些实时应用的场合。     

小波与自蛇模型在放大图像清晰化中的应用

针对传统插值放大图像出现的边缘模糊与锯齿化问题,结合小波具有多分辨率分析和局部化时频域特性,提出了一种基于小波插值与改进自蛇模型相结合的放大图像清晰化方法。该方法对无噪声图像采用小波插值对图像进行放大,并用改进自蛇模型对放大后的图像进行边缘修正,而对于噪声图像则采用改进自蛇模型对其进行清晰化处理,通过小波插值进行放大。实验结果显示,采用该方法与传统放大图像清晰方法相比,图像的边缘轮廓清晰度和细节部分的辨识度更精确,同时能够有效提高放大图像的峰值信噪比。     

基于SOPC的高精度超声波温度计设计

根据在介质中超声波的传播速度随温度变化而变化的特点为设计原理,以基于Nios II处理器软核的可编程系统级芯片(SOPC)为控制核心,设计了高精度超声波温度计。在SOPC上同时实现了高频信号发生器模块、高速信号电路控制模块、信号自动采集控制模块以及Nios II软核处理器模块,缩小了体积,并降低了成本。传播时间的精确测量采用软件细分插补算法,经过理论分析和实验验证,该方法能够达到ns级超声波传播时间的测量,使设计的超声波温度计能够实现分辨率优于0.001℃的温度测量。     

平行梁式电容传感器力学性能的仿真与分析

针对S型平行梁式电容称重传感器参数结构设计问题,运用有限元软件ANSYS Workbench对平行梁式弹性体结构进行参数化模拟仿真,基于二次多项式曲面拟合建立其结构力学性能与主要结构参数的函数关系,并通过算例分析验证了拟合公式的有效性。研究表明,拟合公式对复杂仿真计算后的结果有很好的近似,能更好的反应实际情况,公式结构更加简洁,具有较快的收敛速度、较高的精度和较好的推广能力,有利于准确实现平行梁式电容称重传感器结构参数设计。     

ON THE ROBUST PREDICTION AND INTERPOLATION OF TIME SERIES IN THE PRESENCE OF CORRELATED NOISE

Abstract. We consider the problem of predicting and interpolating linearly a time series which can be represented as the sum of a model process with known spectral density and a noise process. The spectral density of the noise process is unknown with the exception of an upper bound for its integral. Some partial information of quite general kind about the cross spectral density of model and noise is available. We prove the existence of a robust predictor which minimizes the maximal mean-square error, where the maximum is taken over all spectral densities which may arise from the circumstances described above as spectral density of the predicted time series. An analogous result holds for the related interpolation problem. We describe how to derive the minimax robust predictor and interpolator in concrete situations. The method is illustrated by determining the robust predictor explicitly for three examples where model and noise may be arbitrarily, only causally or not at all correlated.     

The Cerebellum according to the Ouroboros Model,the ＂Interpolator Hypothesis＂

The Ouroboros Model offers a novel cognitive architecture with an algorithmic backbone of iterative and self-referential processing. All memory content is organized into meaningful pieces of data, i.e.,chunks and schemata, which are laid down as a kind of snapshots of all activations at a relevant point in time. This entails a grainy structure of memory content. Whereas a core process of ＂consumption＂ analysis can naturally be defined taking advantage of this parcellation, it necessitates interpolation for fine nuances, especially for the representation of intermediate values during transients. It is argued that, in the vertebrate brain, essential interpolation functionality is provided by the cerebellum. Findings concerning movement control and perception as well as the involvement of the cerebellum in more abstract, cognitive, tasks can be interpreted as reflecting a function of the cerebellum as a co-processor, i.e., a general-purpose interpolator. The cerebellum is thus boosting representations in cerebral cortex areas, which are reciprocally connected with cerebellar cortex areas. In this paper, it is sketched how the new ＂interpolator hypothesis＂ can explain manifold observations, effectively subsuming previous theories of the function of the cerebellum. Directly relating to the BICA challenge, a general-purpose interpolator is postulated as an efficient device providing fine-grained resolution for the representation of diverse content, potentially useful in any cognitive architecture.     

广角摄像机在机器人视觉定位中的应用

为了保证广角摄像机在现代机器人视觉定位应用中的准确性,以广角摄像机像素坐标的反畸变过程为研究对象,提出一种在畸变对应表的基础上使用中心迭代法以及区域插值法确定物体实际位置的方法。通过实验证明了该方法能够测量物体的位置,其精度能够满足工业使用要求。     

一种新的区域图像插值算法

针对传统的3种图像插值算法在插值后分别存在灰度不连续、轮廓模糊、计算量大等问题,提出了一种新的区域插值算法。该算法先对图像依据纹理平坦或复杂进行区域的相对划分,然后根据待插值点在源图像中所属的区域对应地使用不同的插值算法。与一些典型插值算法进行仿真比较,验证了该算法在基本不改变插值精度的前提下,可以有效地降低运算时间。