河南省栾川县磨坪地区土壤地球化学特征及找矿预测

河南省栾川县磨坪地区位于华北陆块南缘,处于叫河—庙沟铅锌金钼成矿远景区中部,具有良好的找矿前景。通过1∶1万土壤地球化学测量,基本查明了栾川县磨坪地区的Pb、Zn、Cu等11种元素的分布、分配特征和富集规律;确定研究区元素Au、Ag、Pb、Zn等元素共生组合关系。根据异常所处的地质特征结合各元素异常之间空间关系、组合特征,共圈定8处综合异常,并将HT08异常区作为找矿靶区,为该区的地质找矿提供了丰富而可靠的地球化学依据。     

城市综合体灭火救援技战术的特点及应用

当前大型城市综合体建筑普遍存在消防隐患多、大空间立体燃烧的问题,这不仅加剧了城市建筑火灾风险,也增加了火灾发生时人员逃生疏散工作和被困人员救援工作的难度,再加上此类建筑排烟散热性能较差,这导致火灾损失更加严重。为了降低大型城市综合体火灾损失,文章将从如何开展大型城市综合体火灾扑救工作出发,深入研究火灾扑救战术。     

红外傅里叶光谱仪的仪器线形函数及工程应用

提出了利用定量化的仪器线形函数对面阵傅里叶光谱仪像元进行光谱修正的方法。系统介绍了傅里叶光谱仪的仪器线形函数,结合仪器的自身特征建立了仪器线形函数模型,并利用MATLAB进行了仿真计算。通过理论计算给出了中心像元和边缘像元的激光光谱波峰之间的差值,其同实际值的相对误差均值仅为4.21%,修正后的边缘像元光谱准确度达到10-5量级。得到的结果从理论角度证明了利用仪器线形函数对面阵型傅里叶光谱仪进行光谱修正的有效性。最后从实际工程应用的角度出发,提出了针对面阵傅里叶光谱仪非中心像元光谱修正的方法。实验显示该方法具有很强的普适性,可在保证较高光谱准确度的基础上极大地提高光谱定标的效率,降低光谱定标的工作量。     

基于航天单色仪的在轨辐射定标应用与发展

叙述了广泛应用的光栅单色仪的色散原理,介绍了其常用的几种反射式水平成像系统的光学结构型式,描述了其波长定标和能量定标方法。对搭载航天单色仪的几个现有遥感仪器,如中分辨率成像光谱仪(MODIS)、太阳光谱分光计(SOLSPEC)、太阳后向散射紫外辐射计(SBUV)、紫外臭氧垂直探测仪-太阳后向散射紫外探测仪(UOVPP-SBUS)以及欧洲航天局(ESA)的TRUTHS项目等在辐射测量、光谱定标和绝对定标方面的应用现状进行了说明。最后讨论了未来航天单色仪可能的发展趋势及应用前景,指出采用太阳光源、航天单色仪和低温绝对辐射计相结合的绝对定标系统将是今后最具潜力的发展方向之一。     

Effect of Cone Angle on the Hydraulic Characteristics of Globe Control Valve

Globe control valve is widely used in chemical, petroleum and hydraulic industries, and its throttling feature is achieved by the adopting of valve plug. However, very limited information is available in literature regarding the influence of valve plug on the internal and external features in globe control valves. Thus the effect of valve plug is studied by CFD and experiment in this paper. It is obtained from external features that the pressure drop between upstream and downstream pressure-sampling position increases exponentially with flow rate. And for small valve opening, the increment of pressure drop decreases with the increase of cone angle(β). However, with the increase of valve opening, the effect of cone angle diminishes significantly. It is also found that the cone angle has little effect on flow coefficient(Cv) when the valve opening is larger than 70%. But for the cases less than 70%, Cv curve varies from an arc to a straight line. The variation of valve performance is caused by the change of internal flow. The results of internal flow show that cone angle has negligible effect on flow properties for the cases of valve opening larger than 70%. However, when valve opening is smaller than 70%, the pressure drop of orifice decreases with the increase of β, making the reduction in value and scope of the high speed zone around the conical surface of valve plug, and then results in a decreasing intensity of adjacent downstream vortex. Meanwhile, it is concluded from the results that the increase of cone angle will be beneficial for the anti-cavitation and anti-erosion of globe control valve. This paper focuses on the internal and external features of globe control valve that caused by the variation of cone angle, arriving at some results beneficial for the design and usage of globe control valve.     

Quantitative FRET measurement using emission‐spectral unmixing with independent excitation crosstalk correction

Quantification of fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) needs at least two external samples, an acceptor‐only reference and a linked FRET reference, to calibrate fluorescence signal. Furthermore, all measurements for references and FRET samples must be performed under the same instrumental conditions. Based on a novel notion to predetermine the molar extinction coefficient ratio (R_C) of acceptor‐to‐donor for the correction of acceptor excitation crosstalk, we present here a robust and independent emission‐spectral unmixing FRET methodology, Iem‐spFRET, which can simultaneously measure the E and R_C of FRET sample without any external references, such that Iem‐spFRET circumvents the rigorous restriction of keeping the same imaging conditions for all FRET experiments and thus can be used for the direct measurement of FRET sample. We validate Iem‐spFRET by measuring the absolute E and R_C values of standard constructs with different acceptor‐to‐donor stoichiometry expressed in living cells. Our results demonstrate that Iem‐spFRET is a simple and powerful tool for real‐time monitoring the dynamic intermolecular interaction within single living cells.     

基于多频带谱熵的水平气液两相流结构复杂性分析

针对传统功率谱熵只能刻画总体系统结构复杂性问题,提出既能从宏观角度又能从微观角度反映系统结构复杂性的多频带谱熵的分析方法。分析几种典型信号的多频带谱熵特征,验证多频带谱熵方法的可行性及抗干扰能力;利用环形电导传感器阵列获取动态实验测试数据,计算水平气液两相流波状流、塞状流和弹状流含水率波动的多频带谱熵值,分析3种流型结构复杂性随频带因子变化的演变规律。实验结果表明:波状流的多频带谱熵最低,弹状流多频带谱熵值最高;塞状流的多频带谱熵居于波状流与弹状流之间。3种流型在分析频率为0~8.3 Hz时,呈现近似线性变化的结构复杂性特征以及较强的流型区分度,可以作为流型识别的准则。     

一种配电网高阻接地故障在线监测与辨识方法

中性点不接地系统的配电网高阻接地故障是一种多发故障,短路电流小,故障特征不明显,在线辨识困难,导致故障初期难以被发现,极易演化成严重故障。通过研究其单相接地的暂态过程,发现故障暂态电容电流会使故障线路零序电压有明显的高次谐波,经10k V配电网单相高阻接地后故障线路零序电压频谱分析仿真结果证明了这一点,因此可将其作为高阻接地故障在线辨识的特征谐波。为了确定该故障特征谐波的有效性,分别与其他故障类型和配电网突加突减负载时的零序电压进行了仿真对比分析,从而证实了该谐波可以有效区分其他情况产生的谐波。为了进一步探索高阻接地故障参数对故障特征谐波影响的规律,分别对不同故障接地电阻和不同故障相角时的线路零序电压暂态过程进行了仿真,结果表明,故障发生于相电压90°相角时,该故障特征谐波幅值最高,约为基波幅值的4%~9%,且幅值随故障电阻升高有规律的减小。该特征谐波特征明显,足以用于准确在线辨识高阻接地故障,从而为配电网在线故障辨识设备的研究提供了新的思路。     

铁矿开发利用经济评价分析——以新疆哈密M1033铁矿为例

哈密市M1033铁矿为一中型磁铁矿床,位于新疆哈密市东南280 km处。矿床属于高温热液改造—沉积变质型磁铁矿床。以往人们研究较少,2005年后小规模间歇性开采至2015年后停产。由于矿床规模中型及市场铁矿石短缺,现已引起学术界、勘查界和矿业界关注。本文在矿床地质特征基础上,从矿山区位环境、开采技术条件、资源保障、采矿方法、矿石可选性五个方面进行系统分析,进而对该铁矿开发利用的经济性进行分析。采用经济评价方法之增量经济评价法进行评价,在拟设条件下,测算达产年利润总额为1915.1万元/a,净利润为1436.33万元/a,项目所得税后财务内部收益率为10.11%,高出行业基准收益率(行业基准收益率ic=10%)0.11%。本研究成果对区内同类矿山的开发利用评价和投资决策具有一定的参考意义。     

电化学噪声数据处理方法概述

综述了常见的电化学噪声数据处理方法,介绍了直流趋势剔除、统计分析、快速傅立叶变换(FFT)法计算功率谱密度(PSD)以及小波变换处理电化学噪声信号的基本过程,并阐释了各种数学处理及所得参数的物理意义。