宁波溪口抽水蓄能电站下库面板堆石坝观测资料分析

溪口蓄能电站下库面板堆石坝最大坝高44.5m,施工期间布置的原型观测项目有坝体内部沉降和水平位移、周边缝和板间缝位移、面板应变以及坝基孔隙水压力。根据观测仪器自埋设至2000年的观测资料,文中分析了各项观测物理量的变化规律和变化趋势,综合评价了大坝的工作性态。     

尾流受扰下复杂体形高层建筑的风压分布特性

本文结合汕头粤东信息大厦的风洞试验,详细分析了复杂结构断面建筑物在其尾流受到下游结构干扰下的风压分布特性。试验表明:处于受扰物体尾流边界上的施扰物体可以降低来流在受扰物体上的分离速度,从而使最大负压系数降低。当施扰物体处于被扰物体尾流边界的某些位置时,被扰物体表面的最大负压系数受到显著影响,最多可降低45%。文中还对典型断面结构进行了进一步的试验研究,在验证以上的结论同时,试验结果也显示,施扰建筑位于被扰结构临近的较大区域,其风压增大15%以上,最大可增大39%。本文所得的一些结论可为相应的工程提供参考。     

河北省张承地区风沙现状及治理对策

在分析张家口、承德地区风沙形成原因及发展趋势的基础上,提出了河北省防沙治沙工作中存在的问题,根据河北省不同类型区的自然、地理及社会经济条件,提出了风沙治理模式和建议。     

激光测风雷达二维扫描控制系统的实现

二维扫描系统使得激光出射方向和光学接收光轴同时精确指向设定方向,进而测量多方位的风速数据。介绍了激光测风雷达二维扫描控制系统组成,重点讨论了系统运用步进电机进行驱动的电路特点以及采取的可靠性技术措施,包括硬件措施和软件措施,分析了该系统的先进性、可靠性以及智能化特点。该控制系统已经成功地安装在中国科学院安徽光机所的激光测风雷达上,经过了一年半的实际运行,其控制精度、运行速度完全满足激光测风雷达的测量要求。     

活性污泥生物相对污水处理运行的指导作用

污水处理系统处理效果的好坏都与污水处理系统中组成活性污泥的微生物种类、数量及其代谢活力有关,本文从活性污泥结构、微生物种类、数量及活性等方面分析了污泥生物相与运行状态的相互关系.说明了可通过对污水处理系统的生物相观察了解处理效果及运行状况,也可通过对污泥生物相观察发现处理系统环境的变化,及时调整运行环境,预防污水处理系统的运行中的异常情况发生.     

水库水面蒸发量计算方法的研究

根据水库水面蒸发机制，结合前人研究成果，提出一种新的水库水面蒸发量计算模型，利用不同气候区多站资料确定模型参数，并利用全国各地30多个水库漂浮蒸发站实验资料，对模型进行拟合检验与移用检验，结果表明，该模型的适应性很强，有推广前景。对模型特性较深入的分析说明，该模型较过去常用的几种模型有许多更合理之处。     

An analytical expression for the power coefficient of an ideal horizontal-axis wind turbine

The paper shows that an analytical evaluation of the power coefficient C_p for an ideal horizontal-axis wind turbine can be made via an expression giving the direct relationship of C_p and the axial induction factor a. The results obtained agree closely with those obtained numerically from the usual integral expression involving several variables.     

Reduction of low-frequency pressure fluctuations in wind tunnels

The determination of dynamic wind loads on buildings, i.e. pressure and deflection, has gained increasing interest (European Prestandard ENV 1991-2-4, Eurocode 1: basis of design and actions on structures—Part 2-4: actions on structures—wind actions, European Committe for Standardization, Brussels, 1995; DIN 1055 Teil 4 Lastannahmen für Bauten, Verkehrslasten, Windlasten bei nicht schwingungsanfälligen Bauwerken, 1991; N. Hölscher, M. Hortmanns, J. Sahlem, Praxisnahe Erfassung von Windwirkung an Industrie- und Hochbauten, Windwirkung im Bauwesen, Braunschweig, 7, Dreiländertagung D-A-CH 2001, Windtechnologische Gesselschaft, 2001 [1], [2] and [3]). Therefore, the spectral distributions of velocity and pressure fluctuations in wind tunnels are an important quality aspect. While velocity fluctuations can be manipulated by the obstacles used to create the turbulence, pressure fluctuations are influenced by acoustic noise as well. Especially, the first eigenfrequency of the longitudinal mode of the wind tunnel tends to disturb the pressure spectrum.In this paper, a solution for the reduction of low-frequency acoustic pressure fluctuation is presented and its application in the atmospheric boundary layer wind tunnel at the IAG is shown.     

Analysis of lightning surge propagation in wind farm

Wind power generation is expected to become more important in future distribution systems. Although several prospective reports such as IEC 61400‐24 and NREL SR‐500‐31115 indicate an insulation scheme and grounding design for lighting protection, there still seems to be too few investigations on the problems. This paper therefore discusses lightning surge analysis using a wind farm model with 2 or 10 ideal wind turbines. Changing parameters such as grounding resistance and lightning strike points, several cases were studied. As a result of the analysis using digital simulator ARENE, it is clear that the surge tends to propagate toward the end of a distribution line in a wind farm and there is the possibility of insulation accidents at the other wind turbines when lightning attacks a wind turbine. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 162(2): 30– 38, 2008; Published online in Wiley InterScience ( www.interscience.wiley.com ). DOI 10.1002/eej.20364     

Dogs (Canis familiaris) learn their owners via observation in a manipulation task.

Eighty-seven pet dogs (Canis familiaris) were involved in an experiment in which they had to solve a task to obtain a ball. After witnessing a full demonstration by their owner (10 times pushing the handle of the box, which released a ball), most dogs preferred to touch the handle sooner and more frequently in comparison with other parts of the box, and they used the handle to get the ball. In contrast dogs in 3 control groups developed their own respective methods. The lack of emergence of the ball and playing after the demonstration did not affect the learning performance strongly. This suggests that in dogs the outcome of a demonstration plays only a restricted role in the manifestation of social learning. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)