基于经验模态分解和基因表达式程序设计的电力系统短期负荷预测

提出将经验模态分解（EMD）和基因表达式程序设计（GEP）算法相结合的EMD&GEP预测法应用于电力系统短期负荷预测中,消除负荷样本中的伪数据,并对负荷样本序列进行经验模态分解得到不同频段的本征模态分量（IMF）和负荷剩余分量。运用基因表达式程序设计算法的灵活表达能力,把分解得到的不同频段的各负荷本征模态分量及负荷剩余分量中所对应的不同日、同一时刻的负荷序列作为样本,进行分时预测。把各负荷本征模态分量和负荷剩余分量中相对应的预测结果进行重构,作为各时刻负荷的最终预测值。EMD克服了小波分析中小波基选取困难的不足,结果表明各负荷本征模态分量能较准确反映负荷特征,而且经比较,EMD&GEP预测法比小波分析和GEP算法相结合的预测方法具有更好的预测效果。     

重组丙型肝炎病毒腺病毒载体疫苗rAd/E2的构建及鉴定

目的构建含丙型肝炎病毒(Hepatitis C virus,HCV)E2基因的复制缺陷型重组腺病毒载体疫苗,并进行鉴定。方法以含HCV(1a亚型)E2基因的质粒pEGFP-HCV/E1E2为模板,PCR扩增E2基因,扩增产物与pGEM-T载体连接,测序正确后双酶切亚克隆至穿梭质粒pAdTrack-CMV上,构建重组穿梭质粒pAdTrack-CMV/E2,Pme I酶切线性化后,与骨架质粒pAdEasy-1在BJ5183细菌内同源重组,获得重组腺病毒质粒pAd/E2,PacⅠ酶切线性化后,脂质体LipofectamineTM 2000介导转染HEK293细胞进行包装,获得重组腺病毒rAd/E2,在HEK293细胞内扩增,利用报告基因GFP的表达监测病毒包装及感染效率,PCR、RT-PCR和Western blot对重组腺病毒进行鉴定,并测定各代病毒的滴度。结果测序结果证明HCV E2基因序列正确;重组腺病毒质粒pAd/E2经酶切证明重组成功;PCR、RT-PCR及Western blot结果均证实重组腺病毒rAd/E2构建正确;第4代重组腺病毒的滴度为7.5×108 pfu/ml。结论已成功构建了重组HCV腺病毒rAd/E2,为丙型肝炎疫苗的研制提供了新的途径。     

人乳头状瘤病毒16亚型E6E7基因重组腺病毒的构建及其在小鼠骨髓源树突状细胞中的表达

目的 构建人乳头状瘤病毒16亚型(Human papillomavirus 16,HPV16)E6E7基因重组腺病毒,并在小鼠骨髓源树突状细胞(Dendritic cell,DC)中表达。方法双酶切质粒pET-32a(+)-E6E7获得E6E7,基因片段,插入腺病毒穿梭质粒pAd-Track-CMV中,转染HEK293细胞,扩增病毒,经同源重组、包装后获得重组腺病毒pAd-E6E7,转染体外培养的小鼠骨髓源DC,激光共聚焦显微镜观察转染的小鼠DC的形态,流式细胞术检测转染前后小鼠DC表面标志物(CD40、CD86、MHCⅡ和CD11C),Western blot检测E6蛋白的表达。结果双酶切及测序证实,重组腺病毒质粒pAd-E6E7构建正确,插入的E6E7基因片段序列正确;转染HEK293细胞48 h,倒置荧光显微镜下可见绿色荧光蛋白的表达,重组腺病毒的滴度为3×107 CCID50/ml;重组腺病毒pAd-E6E7感染后DC的状态与成熟DC表面标志物(CD40、CD86、MHCⅡ和CD11C)相符合,感染后的DC表面有许多树枝状、刺状突起,符合成熟DC的表面形态;感染后的DC中存在E6蛋白的表达。结论已成功构建了HPV16 E6E7基因重组腺病毒表达质粒,其能在小鼠骨髓源DC中表达。     

1型糖尿病易感基因的研究进展

1型糖尿病的病因和发病机制较复杂,至今仍未完全明确。近年的研究认为其发病与遗传因素密切相关。SH2B3、TC-PTP和RGS1是已经全基因组关联分析证实的有关1型糖尿病的易感基因。本文就与1型糖尿病相关的主要易感基因的研究进展作一综述。     

基于像素基因算法的图像显著区域检测研究

针对图像显著区域检测的特点,提出像素基因算法.首先在基因模型中把基因单元映射为图像区域;接着基因表达值把基因分类,对图像某个特征值图像区域产生的不确定信息的熵统计期望值,计算特征值减少系统熵值的不确定性的能力;最后采用基因相对称的邻接矩阵统计区分为显著、非显著区域.实验仿真结果显示本文算法对图像特征提取丰富,召回率、准确率较高.     

Genetic Polymorphisms in the APOA1 Gene and their Relationship with Serum HDL Cholesterol Levels

Low high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) is a known risk factor of coronary artery disease. Apolipoprotein A1 (APOA1) is the most abundant component of HDL-C. This study aimed at identifying sequence variations (rare and common) in the APOA1 gene and its association with serum HDL-C levels. This study was conducted from April 2012 to February 2013 on 79 Tehranians (participants of Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study) with extremely low HDL-C (within the 5th percentile) and 63 individuals with extremely high HDL-C (within the 95th percentile) levels. After DNA amplification by PCR, DNA sequencing of all three exons and 700 bps of promoter region of the APOA1 gene was performed. Sequence results were analyzed and interpreted using the appropriate software and variants were identified. After sequencing 42 common and rare variants were identified, 11 of which were known variants and the others had been unreported so far. Of the exonic variants, 11 were missense, 6 were synonymous and 1 was nonsense. There was a significant association between serum HDL-C and variant of rs2070665 as well as variants Chr.11:116707788, Chr.11:116708059, Chr.11:116708036, Chr.11:116707729, rs201148448, Chr.11:116707018, Chr.11:116707801, Chr.11:116708530, Chr.11:116708088, rs121912724 and Chr.11:116706966 (p < 0.001). Variants Chr.11:116707018, rs121912724 and 2070665 were independent predictors of the HDL-C level (p < 0.001). SNP Chr.11:116707018 was the strongest predictor of the HDL-C level (OR 7.527, p < 0.001). This study identified 42 variants in APOA1 gene, 31 of which were new variants. Three variants of rs2070665, rs121912724 and Chr.11:116707018 could predict the HDL-C level independently. Variant rs2070665 was protective against low-HDL-C levels while variants rs121912724 and Chr.11:116707018 were risk factors for that in our population.     

Characteristic of the Pepper CaRGA2 Gene in Defense Responses against Phytophthora capsici Leonian

The most significant threat to pepper production worldwide is the Phytophthora blight, which is caused by the oomycete pathogen, Phytophthora capsici Leonian. In an effort to help control this disease, we isolated and characterized a P. capsici resistance gene, CaRGA2, from a high resistant pepper (C. annuum CM334) and analyzed its function by the method of real-time PCR and virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS). The CaRGA2 has a full-length cDNA of 3,018 bp with 2,874 bp open reading frame (ORF) and encodes a 957-aa protein. The protein has a predicted molecular weight of 108.6 kDa, and the isoelectric point is 8.106. Quantitative real-time PCR indicated that CaRGA2 expression was rapidly induced by P. capsici. The gene expression pattern was different between the resistant and susceptible cultivars. CaRGA2 was quickly expressed in the resistant cultivar, CM334, and reached to a peak at 24 h after inoculation with P. capsici, five-fold higher than that of susceptible cultivar. Our results suggest that CaRGA2 has a distinct pattern of expression and plays a critical role in P. capsici stress tolerance. When the CaRGA2 gene was silenced via VIGS, the resistance level was clearly suppressed, an observation that was supported by semi-quantitative RT-PCR and detached leave inoculation. VIGS analysis revealed their importance in the surveillance to P. capsici in pepper. Our results support the idea that the CaRGA2 gene may show their response in resistance against P. capsici. These analyses will aid in an effort towards breeding for broad and durable resistance in economically important pepper cultivars.     

Silencing the SpMPK1, SpMPK2, and SpMPK3 Genes in Tomato Reduces Abscisic Acid—Mediated Drought Tolerance

Drought is a major threat to agriculture production worldwide. Mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) play a pivotal role in sensing and converting stress signals into appropriate responses so that plants can adapt and survive. To examine the function of MAPKs in the drought tolerance of tomato plants, we silenced the SpMPK1, SpMPK2, and SpMPK3 genes in wild-type plants using the virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) method. The results indicate that silencing the individual genes or co-silencing SpMPK1, SpMPK2, and SpMPK3 reduced the drought tolerance of tomato plants by varying degrees. Co-silencing SpMPK1 and SpMPK2 impaired abscisic acid (ABA)-induced and hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂)-induced stomatal closure and enhanced ABA-induced H₂O₂ production. Similar results were observed when silencing SpMPK3 alone, but not when SpMPK1 and SpMPK2 were individually silenced. These data suggest that the functions of SpMPK1 and SpMPK2 are redundant, and they overlap with that of SpMPK3 in drought stress signaling pathways. In addition, we found that SpMPK3 may regulate H₂O₂ levels by mediating the expression of CAT1. Hence, SpMPK1, SpMPK2, and SpMPK3 may play crucial roles in enhancing tomato plants’ drought tolerance by influencing stomatal activity and H₂O₂ production via the ABA-H₂O₂ pathway.