Exergetic performance assessment of a pilot‐scale heat pump belt conveyor dryer

In this study, olive leaves were dried in a pilot‐scale heat pump (HP) belt conveyor dryer as a thin layer. Drying experiments were carried out at the drying air temperature range of 45–55°C with the drying air velocity range of 0.5–1.5 m s⁻¹. The performance of the system and the process was evaluated using exergy analysis method. The exergy loss and flow diagram (the so‐called Grassmann diagram) of the dryer system was presented to give quantitative information regarding the proportion of the exergy input that is dissipated in the various system components. Effects of the drying air temperature and the velocity on the performance of the drying process were discussed. The actual coefficient of performance values were obtained to be 2.37 for the HP unit and 2.31 for the overall system, respectively. The most important component of the system for improving the efficiency was determined to be the compressor. Exergetic efficiencies of the drying of olive leaves were in the range of 67.45–81.95%. It was obtained that they increased as the drying air temperature decreased and the drying air velocity increased. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Removal of Cr(VI) from aqueous solution by London plane leaves

The effect of initial metal concentration, contact time and solution temperature on the removal of Cr(VI) from solution by waste London plane leaves, generated by the pruning of street trees, was investigated in batch mode conditions. The removal of Cr(VI) was highly concentration‐dependent and mainly governed by physico‐chemical adsorption under the weak acidic conditions studied. The equilibrium data fit well in the Langmuir isotherm model. The Langmuir constants were calculated at different temperatures and both the adsorption capacity and adsorption intensity increased with rising temperature. The endothermic nature of the Cr(VI) adsorption was confirmed by the thermodynamic parameters. The study has shown that the waste leaves can be used as an effective adsorbent for removal of Cr(VI) from wastewater. Copyright © 2003 Society of Chemical Industry     

Effects of Spraying Ozonated Water on the Severity of Powdery Mildew Infection on Cucumber Leaves

Effects of spraying ozonated water on the severity of powdery mildew infection, visible disorder/injury occurrence, and net photosynthesis in cucumbers were investigated. The severity in the ozonated water treatment was contained to almost the same level throughout the 14-day period of the experiment, while the severity steadily increased in the non-treated control and distilled water treatment. Neither visible disorder/injury on the leaves nor a large difference in net photosynthesis between before and after spraying the ozonated water was observed. The results indicate that ozonated water can be at least a partial alternative to agricultural chemical fungicides for powdery mildew on cucumber leaves.     

新型高效节能矿用局部通风机

采用双速电机和可调前导叶组合技术使风机在掘进全过程的4种工况下高效、节能地运行,通过先进的航空发动机机翼型叶片的优化设计和智能调速装置研制等一系列技术手段,实现瓦斯最大效率的无超限排放。     

磷酸微波法制备梧桐树叶活性炭及其性能研究

以梧桐树叶为原料,采用磷酸活化,微波辐照的方法制备活性炭,设计正交实验以考察微波功率、活化时间、磷酸浓度、液固比等因素对活性炭吸附性能的影响。结果表明,最佳工艺参数为:微波功率640 W,活化时间280 s,液固比7∶1(mL/g),磷酸浓度为60%。该条件下制备的活性炭的碘值为451.88 mg/g,亚甲基蓝值为15.126 2 mg/g。用其处理城市生活污水,取得了很好的效果。     

不同堆肥方式对氮素转化规律的影响

研究了甘蔗叶与牛粪混合物不同堆肥方式对氮素转化规律的影响。将甘蔗叶与新鲜的牛粪以1∶3的质量比充分混合,在同样的外界条件下,采用密闭容器强制通风法和翻堆法两种好氧发酵法进行堆肥。结果表明,翻堆堆肥相比于通风堆肥:温度高2.1~5.2℃,有机质降解率高28.25%,最终含水率高8.08%,最终pH值高0.12。这些因素的不同导致通风堆肥的硝态氮高出翻堆堆肥23~165mg·kg-1;氨氮含量前13d通风堆肥高出翻堆堆肥48~1 017mg·kg-1,后期翻堆堆肥高出1~42mg·kg-1;亚硝态氮含量前9d翻堆堆肥高出通风堆肥285~425mg·kg-1,后期通风堆肥高出41~118mg·kg-1。表明,两种不同堆肥方式中氮素的转化规律不同,翻堆堆肥更有利于促进氮素转化。     

西彭小湾立交方案设计探讨

该文结合西彭小湾立交方案设计的工程实践,对设置收费站的立交方案设计中应考虑的多种因素作了较详细的阐述与探讨。     

近红外光谱结合神经网络判别茶鲜叶产地

为快速、无损的判别鲜叶产地,维护恩施玉露的地理标志产品属性,采集恩施市芭蕉乡、白果乡和咸丰县茶鲜叶近红外光谱,经光谱预处理后,对校正集66个样品光谱数据进行主成分分析,然后建立BP神经网络预测模型,对验证集鲜叶样品的产地进行了预测,建立了8(输入节点)-4(隐含层节点)-1(输出节点)三层网络模型,验证集样品判别准确率为100%.近红外光谱技术结合神经网络能够快速、准确地判别茶鲜叶产地.     

2011年闽东茶区春季茶青中稀土残留的检测与分析

采用电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP-MS)技术,对60份茶青中残留稀土元素含量进行了测定,并对测定结果进行了分析。参照国家标准GB2762—2005《食品中污染物限量》(其中茶叶稀土的限量指标为≤2.0mg/kg,以La、Ce、Pr、Nd、Sm的氧化物总量计)对茶青中的稀土残留量进行评价分析,所测的闽东茶区春季茶青样品稀土合格率高达100%。