无线传感器网络的能量估计路由算法

传统LEACH路由算法因忽略了节点和整个网络的当前剩余能量而容易造成节点过早死亡,而引入能量阈值的改进算法忽略了网络的能量状态的获取方法,往往只能通过高耗能的广播方式得到能量阈值,在实际应用中有很大缺陷.为了避免以高能耗获取能量阈值,提出了一种能量估计路由算法,提前根据所要建立的网络模型结构对节点中的工作参数进行设置,自动根据估计算法计算网络能量,并对分簇数量进行优化,大大降低能量信息获取能耗,延长网络寿命.通过三维建模仿真结果表明,相对于LEACH和引入能量阈值的LEACH改进算法,能更有效地延长网络寿命.     

基于LEACH协议的能耗均衡路由算法

分析经典的无线传感器网络LEACH协议,针对如何延长其网络生命周期的问题,提出一种改进的LEACH算法.当簇头剩余能量的最小值小于某个阈值时,进行全网簇头选举,设计基于节点相对密度的成簇算法,即采用合理阈值选取簇头.反之进行簇内选举,依据剩余能量、距簇内质心的距离、节点覆盖度等约束条件来选择新的簇内簇头.实验结果表明,改进的LEACH算法能有效降低和均衡各个节点的能耗,推迟第1个死亡节点出现的时间,延长网络的生命周期.     

基于能量和均衡分簇的WSN自适应拓扑控制

无线传感器网络中基于分簇的拓扑控制方法容易将低能量节点误选为簇头而加速死亡,且在成簇过程中未考虑簇成员数量,会导致簇头负载过重。为此,提出一种基于能量和均衡分簇的自适应拓扑控制方法。在选择簇头时考虑节点的剩余能量,采用均衡化思想自适应构建簇成员。仿真实验结果表明,该方法能有效降低节点死亡速率,延长网络寿命,提高网络的服务性能。     

Experimental control of a single-link flexible robot arm using energy shaping

Flexible-link robotic manipulators are mechanical devices whose control can be rather challenging, among other reasons because of their intrinsic under-actuated nature. This paper presents the application of an energy-based control design methodology (the so-called IDA-PBC, interconnection and damping assignment passivity-based control) to a single-link flexible robotic arm. It is shown that the method is well suited to handle this kind of under-actuated device not only from a theoretical viewpoint but also in practice. A Lyapunov analysis of the closed-loop system stability is given and the design performance is illustrated by means of a set of simulations and laboratory control experiments, comparing the results with those obtained using conventional control schemes for mechanical manipulators.     

Virtualized Web server cluster self-configuration to optimize resource and power use

This work proposes a reusable architecture that enables the self-configuration of a supporting infrastructure for Web server clusters using virtual machines. The goal of the architecture is to ensure service quality, evaluating how broadly it complies with the application's operating restrictions and proportionally acting on the configuration of physical servers (hosts) or virtual machines. In addition, through the rational use of resources, the proposal aims at saving energy. A prototype of the architecture was developed and a performance evaluation carried out with two different resource management approaches. This evaluation shows how fully functional and advantageous the proposal is in terms of using resources, avoiding waste, yet maintaining the application's quality of service within acceptable levels. The architecture also shows to be flexible enough to accept, with a reasonable amount of effort, different resource self-configuration policies.     

中储式钢球磨制粉系统节能及智能控制方法

本文针对巴陵石化热电事业部9号炉中储式钢球磨制粉系统的特点,采用神经网络技术建立制粉系统的运行工况模型,并通过非线性优化技术确定使制粉单耗最低的运行参数;在此基础上,采用模仿人操作行为的智能控制技术对整个制粉系统进行自动控制,确保制粉系统运行在最佳的工况上。实际应用表明,通过对制粉系统的智能控制,对降低磨制粉单耗和锅炉飞灰含碳量,提高煤粉均匀性指数,有良好效果。     

冶金工业的变频器应用与维护(三) 变频器在高炉系统中的应用

冶金工业作为国民经济的基础产业,得到了迅速发展。目前已经拥有超过3000家钢铁冶炼企业和近3000家有色金属冶炼企业。高炉是冶金系统的主要设备,用于高炉炼铁。本文主要介绍的就是变频器在高炉系统中的应用。     

中国海洋石油天然气(湿气)能量贸易交接计量研究及应用

湿气高精度贸易计量是国际性难题,因为湿气气相部分含有重烃、游离水,与经过处理后的外输气(干气)组分相差较大;湿气液相部分含烃(溶解气)常规仪表无法达到贸易计量精度,而带压化验(4万元/次)费用过高,降低效益。中海油南海某气田(中海油自营)水下井口物流经20km海管回接至原有YC13-1平台(中外合资)后为了降底投资,提高效益必须面对湿气贸易计量问题,此外还要解决来自海管段塞流对计量精度的冲击。本文将介绍湿气能量贸易计量解决方案,在中海油南海某气田开发项目中的应用、技术先进性及效益。     

基于西门子S7-300的锅炉厂自动化改造

新世纪国家对于锅炉厂的节能减排工程大力扶持.本文针对某烟厂的锅炉厂房整体改造,在不影响生产的前提下完成整体锅炉及自动化的改造.并通过改造前后具体设备的使用性能等,完成对于节能减排的目标.     

Comparative life cycle costs for new steel portal frame building systems

Life cycle costs of a new steel portal frame building system incorporating energy efficient sandwich panels are compared with those of a conventional steel portal frame building system for use in industrial and commercial buildings. The economic benefits of the new building system have been demonstrated through cost assessment of energy in use. The results from life cycle cost analysis of both the new and conventional portal frame building systems indicate that, despite slightly higher initial costs, the new building system costs significantly less than the conventional system over its complete life cycle of 50 years. The new system provides improved economic performance along with a more energy-efficient model for commercial/industrial building design in the Australian climate. Le coût du cycle de vie d'un nouveau système de bâtiment à portique en acier comportant des panneaux en sandwich efficaces au plan énergétique est comparé à un système classique pour un emploi dans des bâtiments industriels et commerciaux. Les avantages économiques du nouveau système ont été démontrés par une évaluation des dépenses énergétiques. Il ressort de l'analyse comparative du coût du cycle de vie du nouveau et de l'ancien système qu'en dépit d'une légère augmentation du coût de départ, le nouveau système est nettement moins onéreux que l'ancien sur un cycle de vie complet de 50 ans. Les performances économiques du nouveau système sont supérieures à celles du système classique, avec de meilleures performances énergétiques pour la conception de bâtiments commerciaux et industriels sous le climat australien.