论我国内河水运协调发展

协调发展是可持续发展的内核,是国际学界研究的持续热点。内河水运是流域社会经济背景下综合运输与水资源综合利用体系的重要组成部分,是我国及各国实现资源节约与环境友好可持续发展的战略重点。在协调发展的内涵的基础上,结合德国成功的发展经验,探究了我国内河水运体系与国家战略,流域经济、水资源综合利用体系,综合运输体系,自身体系协调发展的意义与要素、存在的问题与原因,一一对应的对策与建议,以期促进我国内河水运快速协调发展。     

Native plants: A Nazi obsession?

This article seeks to challenge recent narratives about Nazi policies against non-native species. Drawing on heretofore ignored evidence and recent publications that draw a more nuanced picture of Nazi Germany's environmental history, it argues that the topic of non-native species was in fact open to debate in Nazi Germany, without a clear preference for a certain position, let alone a state doctrine. Some people argued that Nazi ideas called for a preference for native plants, while others disagreed or even ridiculed that position without fear of prosecution or worse. Furthermore, it seems that those who argued for native species did so out of opportunistic reasons, rather than authentic ideological convictions. The paper thus argues to continue the discussion over native species without a cliched picture of alleged Nazi policies which threatens to poison an important cross-disciplinary debate.     

Mine Water Tracing – A Tool for Assessing Flow Paths in Flooded Underground Mines

A tracer test developed for hydrodynamic investigations has been successfully tested in German underground mines and the results of one of those tests are reported on here. The objectives of the test were to investigate the kind and rate of flow within a flooded mine. At each sampling point, coloured spores were injected using a Lycopodium apparatus. Beginning one day after injection, two samples were collected per weekday at each sampling point. A considerably good recovery rate of 2% was obtained. The mean velocity of the mine water within the investigated part of the mine was 2.6 m min⁻¹ and the different parts of the mine proved to be hydraulically well connected with each other. It appears that the hydrodynamic system within the flooded mine is dominated by convective flow from deeper parts of the mine to higher ones.     

德国煤炭工业现状

德国是世界第三大经济强国,也是世界上第四大煤炭消费国。德国的煤炭工业基本走完了从初期的简单开采到现代化发展、从企业转型到煤矿关闭的整个发展进程。德国煤炭工业发展的现状、前景及取得的经验对中国煤炭工业的改革发展都具有重要的启示意义。本文综述了德国煤炭在能源中的作用、煤炭生产、煤炭消费、煤炭进出口及煤炭企业转型中实施的政策措施。     

德国银行可再生能源投融资模式研究

德国是全球可再生能源发展的领头羊,良好的投融资机制和模式是德国可再生能源发展的重要支撑力量.在法律框架的支持下,德国政策性银行和商业性银行已形成互补、合作的商业运作模式和合作关系,共同构建了良好的可再生能源投融资环境.本文研究分析了德国政策性银行和商业性银行的地位和作用、以及可再生能源投融资服务的种类,提出了促进我国可再生能源投融资发展的启示和建议.     

The seesaw of Germany's biofuel policy – Tracing the evolvement to its current state

Today, biofuels represent one of the most common options for larger scale substitution of conventional fuels. Due to the trans-sectoral nature of biofuels, a multitude of factors and actors determine the according policies of governments and the beliefs of societies. Especially since some impacts of biomass cultivation for bioenergy production are not yet fully understood. This article aims at showing the drivers that led to an introduction of biofuel policies in Germany and explains Germany's pioneering role in the promotion of bioenergy. Thereby the focus lies on the role of the main actors and their composition of so called discourse coalitions. The analysis indicates that the origin of the biofuel industry was a result of national and supranational market interventions, as well as it was intermittently an instrument of supporting renewable energies. Along the seesaw of Germany's biofuel policies seven discourse coalitions were identified who compete for discursive hegemony in order to gain political influence.