The prediction of crack growth in bonded joints under cyclic-fatigue loading I. Experimental studies

The performance of adhesively-bonded joints under monotonic and cyclic-fatigue loading has been investigated using a fracture-mechanics approach. The joints consisted of an epoxy film adhesive which was employed to bond aluminium-alloy substrates. The effects of undertaking cyclic-fatigue tests in (a) a ‘dry’ environment of 55% relative humidity at 23°C, and (b) a ‘wet’ environment of immersion in distilled water at 28°C were investigated. In particular, the influence of employing different surface pretreatments for the aluminium-alloy substrates was examined. In addition, single-lap joints were tested under cyclic fatigue loading in the two test environments, and a back-face strain technique has been used which revealed that crack propagation, rather than crack initiation, occupied the dominant proportion of the fatigue lifetime of the single-lap joints. In Part II, the data obtained in the present Part I paper will be employed to predict theoretically the lifetime of the adhesively-bonded single-lap joint specimens.     

Continuous Levels‐of‐Detail and Visual Abstraction for Seamless Molecular Visualization

Molecular visualization is often challenged with rendering of large molecular structures in real time. We introduce a novel approach that enables us to show even large protein complexes. Our method is based on the level‐of‐detail concept, where we exploit three different abstractions combined in one visualization. Firstly, molecular surface abstraction exploits three different surfaces, solvent‐excluded surface (SES), Gaussian kernels and van der Waals spheres, combined as one surface by linear interpolation. Secondly, we introduce three shading abstraction levels and a method for creating seamless transitions between these representations. The SES representation with full shading and added contours stands in focus while on the other side a sphere representation of a cluster of atoms with constant shading and without contours provide the context. Thirdly, we propose a hierarchical abstraction based on a set of clusters formed on molecular atoms. All three abstraction models are driven by one importance function classifying the scene into the near‐, mid‐ and far‐field. Moreover, we introduce a methodology to render the entire molecule directly using the A‐buffer technique, which further improves the performance. The rendering performance is evaluated on series of molecules of varying atom counts.     

From IP to Start-up： Building a Robust Life Science Incubator

An incubator is an organization that supports new ventures to grow and survive during the early stages. Mainly dedicated to information technology, life science may appear to be the next hot spot for incubators. Are there stabilized good practices？ Are the business models in information technology and in life science comparable when it goes to start-ups＇ incubation？ Leveraging our experience as practitioner in this field and using an inductive methodology, this paper tends to propose simple principles to help build robust incubators in life science, and to contribute to disseminate an entrepreneurial approach through an industry still dominated by blue chips.     

全生命周期软件过程风险管理模型研究

首先从软件过程的角度重新定义了过程风险的基本概念;然后结合CMMI和软件的生命周期分别从软件过程、生命周期和风险管理构建了三维结构的软件项目风险管理模型,提出了基于CMMI的全生命周期的过程风险策划、识别、评估和监控全过程模型;最后建立了软件研制风险管理系统,该系统在实际应用中取得了较好的效果。     

基于企业生命周期的人力资源经理角色分析

文章从企业生命周期的角度,探讨了人力资源经理在不同阶段主要扮演的角色,为企业选拔和培训人力资源经理提供新的视角。将企业生命周期分为创业期、成长期、成熟期和衰退期四个阶段,依据企业生命周期不同阶段的特点及人力资源管理的策略,得出人力资源经理在不同阶段分别主要扮演战略合作伙伴、HRM专家、员工激励者、变革推动者的角色。     

从《青春之歌》到《上海滩》——关于“革命”与“后革命”的一种考量

《青春之歌》和《上海滩》这两部经典作品蕴含了“革命”和“后革命”两段叙事。在“革命＋恋爱”的叙事模式中,“革命”是其突破日常叙事的逻辑起点;“爱情”则作为一种日常生活传奇与革命象征性结合。革命和后革命暗示了生活的日常和传奇二元性质,并内在性地揭示了“红色经典”所蕴含的二律背反特质。     

铸造亚共晶铝硅合金绿色化规划探讨

根据绿色化思想，对铸造亚共晶铝硅合金进行了绿色化规划探讨。现有的铝硅合金牌号过多，以铸造亚共晶铝硅合金为例，中国至少有11种牌号，美国有14种，俄罗斯有16种，日本有11种。同时，这些合金的性能大多相互覆盖。这为材料选择，加工，管理和回收带来诸多不便。为了解决这些问题，规划出两种牌号，足以满足一般的要求，一种为低成本，中等性能合金（σb=150-200MPa,δ5＝1.0%-4.0%，如美国的356．0或中国的ZL101）；另一种为中等成本，中高性能合金（σ＝200－420MPa,δ5=2.0%-8.05,如我国新近开发的ZL120）。     

梅山高炉长寿工作探讨

叙述梅山冶金公司高炉生产２５年来为不断提高高炉寿命所开展的工作，探讨和总结了高炉炉身，炉腹和炉缸长寿的具体经验。     

LCA+GSA评价中国铝工业产业链布局研究

全方位评价是一种以生命周期评价为基础,将全球经济、环境、资源视为整体,从时间和空间的角度综合考虑的评价方法。本文把电解铝工业分成三个环节,即采矿、氧化铝提炼和原铝冶炼,以矿-氧化铝-原铝三个环节的生命周期评价为基础,采用货币化的手段比较和分析了这些环节的不同组合生产方式。针对我国电解铝工业存在的问题,调整了我国铝工业的税收政策,评价了中国铝工业产业链的布局,为我国铝工业拓展海外市场提供了战略性指导。     

Exploring Virtual Librarianship: Second Life Library 2.0

ABSTRACT

In April 2006, Alliance Library System and Online Programming for All Libraries partnered to start the Second Life Library 2.0 in the online world Second Life and in August 2006 purchased an island on the Teen grid of Teen Second Life. Second Life is a virtual world, a descendant of multiplayer online games. Educational institutions have recently been drawn into Second Life's robust economy and vibrant cultural life. The Second Life Library 2.0 works with librarians from around the world and with other educational partners such as TechSoup, WorldBridges, and the New Media Consortium. Second Life Library 2.0 provides “traditional” library services such as ready reference, book discussions, and search assistance, but, at heart, it explores what it means to be a virtual library in a virtual world.