基于仿射不变SIFT特征的SAR图像配准

针对SAR(Synthetic Aperture Radar)图像全自动配准问题,本文提出一种基于仿射不变SIFT(Scale Invariant Feature Transform)特征的精确配准方法.该方法首先对传统SIFT方法改进构建具有仿射不变性的SIFT描述子,并利用该描述子对提取的控制点进行粗匹配,然后由粗匹配点对的尺度比和方位差及其邻域的灰度相似性构建新的相似矩阵,最后利用SVD(Singular Value Decomposition)方法确定精确匹配点对,求出变换参数从而实现图像的精确配准.实验结果表明该方法优于传统的SIFT方法和SIFT+SVD方法并且可以达到亚像素的配准精度.     

基于同步挤压小波变换的电力系统时变谐波检测

针对噪声影响下时变谐波检测问题,提出基于同步挤压小波变换(SWT)的检测方法。首先利用SWT算法将混有噪声的时变谐波信号分解为不同的内蕴模态函数分量(IMTs),进而提取出所含谐波分量,然后对每个谐波分量进行Hilbert变换,得到每个本征函数的瞬时频率和幅值及谐波扰动的起止时刻。基于SWT准确的模态分离能力,实现了各谐波的瞬时频率、瞬时幅值和谐波扰动的起止时刻等参数较高精度的获取。与传统的希尔伯特-黄(HHT)方法相比,该方法对于谐波的分离能力更强,对噪声有更强的鲁棒性。仿真及实际数据表明,所提方法在噪声环境下依然能精确提取各个模态,验证了该方法在时变谐波检测分析中的有效性。     

非负约束自动编码器在电缆早期故障识别中的应用

电缆早期故障的准确识别有助于降低电力系统的故障停电率和提高供电可靠性。在传统模式识别方法中,利于分类识别的有效特征通常难以选择,从而影响识别的准确度。鉴于此,将非负约束自动编码器(Non-negative Constrain Autoencoder, NCAE)堆叠形成的深度学习(Deep learning, DL)网络应用于电缆早期故障识别中。为了提高DL网络的学习效率,首先对故障相电流进行平稳小波变换,提取出一些具有相关性、冗余性的统计量、能量熵和信息熵等作为初级特征,其次堆叠多个NCAE构建出DL网络,通过预训练和微调机制,从初级特征中获得更易于早期故障分类识别的有效特征,最后利用Softmax分类器从正常状态和其他扰动信号中识别出早期故障。利用电缆电流仿真数据进行实验,结果表明与传统模式识别方法相比,所提方法识别准确率更高。     

基于Retinex的弱可见光和红外图像融合算法

目的 针对目前弱可见光与红外图像融合后的图像仍存在细节大量丢失、目标模糊不清的问题,提出一种基于Retinex对弱可见光图像进行增强预处理后,再基于NSST和SWT变换进行图像融合的算法。方法 首先用SSR对弱可见光图像进行增强处理,增强后的可见光和红外图像进行NSST分解得到第1次的高低频系数,高频系数采用基于局部能量特征的方法进行融合;低频系数经过SWT分解得到第2次高低频系数,第2次的高频系数采用同样的方法融合,低频系数采用线性加权方法融合,然后将第2次高低频的融合结果经过SWT逆变换得到新的低频系数。最后把第1次高频系数融合结果和新的低频系数进行NSST逆变换得到融合图像。结果 通过仿真实验,将文中算法与NSST,NSCT以及文献[5]算法进行对比,结果表明主观视觉上融合图像细节更加清晰,客观评价上,平均梯度、空间频率（SF）、标准差、信息熵、边缘信息保留量等指标分别提高了35.63%,26.73%,16.89%,7.2%,4.6%。结论 文中算法对图像融合有较好的改善作用,融合图像的可视性和图像质量都得到显著提高。     

Empirical and numerical analysis of small wind turbine aerodynamic performance at a plateau terrain in Kenya

Kenya's energy depends on fossil fuels and the country is yet to embrace alternative sources that are environmentally friendly. In this paper, empirical and computational approaches are presented to investigate aerodynamic performance of Small Wind Turbine (SWT) operation at arid rural Mwingi-Kitui plateau region, Kenya. We used empirical statistics to represent wind resource, and Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) to address SWT aerodynamic performance at the site. The numerical simulations, employing Transition Shear Stress Transport (SST) model and fully mesh resolved rotor, were performed and results obtained compared with empirical methods. From the Wind Power Density (WPD) values, 44.50–85.48 W/m² between turbine hub heights 20 and 60 m, the site corresponds to wind class ≈1; hence unsuitable for grid-connected power generation. In addition, the numerical findings give useful insights to SWT aerodynamic performance with respect to empirical approach at a plateau terrain wind regime.     

Computer‐aided classification of breast masses in mammogram images based on spherical wavelet transform and support vector machines

Breast cancer can be effectively detected and diagnosed using the technology of digital mammography. However, although this technology has been rapidly developing recently, suspicious regions cannot be detected in some cases by radiologists, because of the noise or inappropriate mammogram contrast. This study presents a classification of segmented region of interests (ROIs) as either benign or malignant to serve as a second eye of the radiologists. Our study consists of three steps. In the first step, spherical wavelet transform (SWT) is applied to the original ROIs. In the second step, shape, boundary and grey level based features of wavelet (detail) and scaling (approximation) coefficients are extracted. Finally, in the third step, malignant/benign classification of the masses is implemented by giving the feature matrices to a support vector machine system. The proposed system achieves 91.4% and 90.1% classification accuracy using the dataset acquired from the hospital of Istanbul University in Turkey and the free Mammographic Image Analysis Society, respectively. Furthermore, discrete wavelet transform, which produces 83.3% classification accuracy, is applied to the coefficients to make a comparison with the SWT method.     

基于静态小波变换的 T 型输电线路行波测距方法

针对现有 T 型输电线路行波测距算法易受行波波速影响的不足,提出一种新的 T 型输电线路行波测距方法.采用 Clarke 变换将相电流转换为独立的模电流,对模电流进行静态小波变换(static wavelet transform,SWT)处理,实现各行波浪涌到达各母线端时刻的标定.首先利用首波头到达三端母线的3个初始时刻定义隶属度,给出利用隶属度实现故障支路判别的判据.运用已有的两端测距公式推导三端测距公式,实现 T 型线路故障点测距.研究了 T 节点附近的3种可能性故障情况,提出三次测距方法,使 T 节点附近故障测距问题得到很好的解决.与现有测距方法相比, SWT 具有时间不变性,故障点的测距过程中充分利用 T 型输电线路的三端测量数据,测距公式中不含波速,因此,所提方法具有测距可靠且精度高的特点. ATP/EMTP 仿真验证表明,所提 T 型输电线路行波测距方法简单可行,且不受过渡电阻、故障类型等因素的影响     

Robust text detection in natural scenes using text geometry and visual appearance

This paper proposes a new two-phase approach to robust text detection by integrating the visual appearance and the geometric reasoning rules. In the first phase, geometric rules are used to achieve a higher recall rate. Specifically, a robust stroke width transform (RSWT) feature is proposed to better recover the stroke width by additionally considering the cross of two strokes and the continuousness of the letter border. In the second phase, a classification scheme based on visual appearance features is used to reject the false alarms while keeping the recall rate. To learn a better classifier from multiple visual appearance features, a novel classification method called double soft multiple kernel learning (DS-MKL) is proposed. DS-MKL is motivated by a novel kernel margin perspective for multiple kernel learning and can effectively suppress the influence of noisy base kernels. Comprehensive experiments on the benchmark ICDAR2005 competition dataset demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed two-phase text detection approach over the state-of-the-art approaches by a performance gain up to 4.4% in terms of F-measure.     

A novel adaptative maximum power point tracking algorithm for small wind turbines

A novel maximum power point tracking algorithm for small wind turbines is proposed. The solution presented here is an adaptive intelligent algorithm that uses a new advanced perturb and observe method to search for the optimum relationship of the system for tracking the maximum power point even under variable wind conditions. The validity of the proposed algorithm is analysed and the design procedure is presented. Its main virtue resides in its capability to adapt to changes in the turbine and in the surrounding environment, even under variable wind conditions, improving the efficiency of the system. The experimental results confirm the validity of the proposed algorithm.     

基于改进Bubble函数的红外图像边缘提取方法

针对bubble函数不具有调节带宽的缺点，提出了一种改进的bubble函数，该改进函数能够通过调节参数来获取不同时域、频域响应和滤波效果。将改进后的bubble函数与平稳小波相结合构造出多分辨率网络，该网络利用平稳小波变换去除噪声、利用改进bubble函数增强图像边缘，从而可以准确、有效、快速的提取出图像的边缘。实验结果表明，该方法优于传统bubble函数与平稳小波相结合提取边缘的效果。