发射光谱法同时测定纯铂中21个杂质元素

本文结合国内外各分析方法的长处，对纯铂中杂质元素的测定进行了研究，采用粉末试样直流电弧激发摄谱，同时测定了纯铂中的21个杂质元素，各元素测定的相对标准偏差≤25％，方法简便，适用范围广，可用于99．9％－99．995％Pt中杂质元素的分析。     

微量C，B对高铌TiAl合金显微组织与力学性能的影响

采用光学显微镜(OM)、扫描电镜(SEM)、透射电镜(TEM)等设备，以及拉伸和蠕变试验系统研究微量间隙元素C，B对高铌TiAl合金显微组织与力学性能的影响。微量B元素对高铌TiAl合金没有明显的强化作用，但是微量B元素在合金中以条状或点状的TiB2存在，TiB2细化了高铌TiAl合金原始片层团晶粒，对改善高铌TiAl合金片层组织的室温塑性有利。加微量C元素的高铌TiAl合金在长时间的蠕变过程中，大量Ti3AlC沉淀相的析出提高了高铌TiAl合金全片层组织蠕变抗力。     

金属锑中微量杂质的光谱测定

利用直接光谱法测定锑中Ａｓ、Ｃｏ、Ｂｉ、Ｐｂ、Ｃｒ、Ｓｎ、Ｍｇ、Ｆｅ、Ａｌ、Ｎｉ、Ｃｄ、Ｃｕ、Ｚｎ、Ａｇ等微量杂质，选择石墨粉作为缓冲剂，改善了谱线的重复性，对样品处理进行了详细的分析研究，以最佳的光谱测定条件，使元素测定下限达到３×１０－４％─３×１０－３％，相对误差在２２％以内，为金属锑纯度的全面分析建立了可靠的分析方法。     

退火对高压电解电容器铝箔微量元素分布和腐蚀性能的影响

观察了经300℃和500℃附加退火并经电化学腐蚀的高压电解电容器用成品铝箔的表面结构。利用二次离子质谱仪检测了铝箔表面区Fe、Si、Cu、Mg、Mn、Zn等微量元素的分布。结果显示，Mg在铝箔外表面的富集多于Fe、Si、Zn元素，而Cu、Mn在表面富集则很少。在铝箔始终保持95％以上立方织构占有率的前提下，500℃附加退火会造成更多微量元素富集于铝箔表面，且较均匀地分布在其上，从而导致了均匀的腐蚀结构和更高的比电容。     

Soil Apparent Electrical Conductivity (EC<Subscript>a</Subscript>) as a Means of Monitoring Changesin Soil Inorganic N on Heterogeneous Morainic Soils in SE Norway During Two Growing Seasons

An efficient method to monitor changes in soil inorganic N content during crop growth would be a useful means to guide N fertilization to ensure high yields and low N losses to the environment. In this study, soil apparent electrical conductivity (EC_a) measured by the widely used conductivity meter EM38 was tested as an indirect measurement of available N in spring barley during two cropping seasons at two sites with morainic loam in SE Norway. The experiment was constructed to maximize soil variation. In spite of the ȁ8noiseȁ9 caused by the soil heterogeneity, concentrations of inorganic N (cN_inorg) or NO₃-N were most strongly correlated with EC_a in both years and at both locations (with one exception). The measurements of EC_a reflected well the temporal variation in inorganic N content (N_inorg), and a ranking of the treatments based on EC_a fitted very well with a ranking based on N_inorg at the first three sampling times after fertilizing. The best subset of sensor variables (i.e. variables which can be measured ȁ8on-the-goȁ9 by sensor techniques in the field) described 27–69% (average 47%) of the variation in topsoil cN_inorg. When expanding the regression models to include pH as well, the degree of explanation increased significantly. In conclusion, the method of using EC_a appears to be quite robust in terms of detecting relative differences in cN_inorg, whereas a determination of absolute levels of cN_inorg with the method is unreliable.     

火焰原子吸收光谱法测定苋菜中8种矿物元素

用空气-乙炔火焰原子吸收光谱法对苋菜中钾、钙、镁、铁、锌、铜、锰、铅8种矿物元素进行了测定,对样品前处理方法、酸度、共存元素干扰及元素线性范围进行了实验。在选定的实验条件下,可以用火焰原子吸收光谱法对苋菜中8种元素进行分别测定,互不干扰。方法的相对标准偏差为0.08%~3.17%(n=5),加标回收率为91.5%~102%。     

Continuous finite element schemes for a phase field model in two-layer fluid Bénard–Marangoni convection computations

In this article, we study a phase field model for a two-layer fluid where the temperature dependence of both the density (buoyancy forces) and the surface tension (Marangoni effects) is considered. The phase field model consisting of a modified Navier–Stokes equation, a Cahn–Hilliard phase field equation and an energy transport equation is derived through an energetic variational procedure. An appropriate variational form and a continuous finite element method are adopted to maintain the underlying energy law to its greatest extent. A few examples for Bénard–Marangoni convection in an Acetonitrile and n-Hexane two-layer fluid system heated from above will be computed to justify our phase field model and further show the good performance of our methods. In addition, an interesting experiment will be performed to show the competition between the Marangoni effects and the buoyancy forces.     

基于MIKE FLOOD的洪泽湖周边滞洪区洪水演进模拟研究

基于实测断面资料建立了研究区的一维水动力模型,基于高精度DEM以及1∶10000地形图建立了研究区的二维水动力模型,并用MIKE FLOOD将一维模型和二维模型进行耦合,构建了洪泽湖周边滞洪区一、二维耦合的洪水演进数学模型。利用2003年历史洪水资料对模型参数进行了率定,并以2007年历史洪水资料进行了验证。以洪泽湖百年一遇设计洪水为模型上边界,二河闸、三河闸以及高良涧闸的现行调度方案的水位-流量关系为模型下边界,对洪泽湖百年一遇设计洪水方案进行模拟计算,当蒋坝水位达到14.33m时,洪泽湖周边滞洪区开始滞洪,得到开始滞洪后不同时段研究区内各类洪水风险要素的动态分布情况以及最大淹没水深、淹没历时,验证了模型的合理性,可用于蓄滞洪区洪水演算分析。     

塑料注射机预塑过程爬行现象的产生与控制

根据低速不稳定性的振动机理，对塑料注射机预塑过程中的爬行现象进行分析，推导出注射机液压滑台运行的“液压弹簧”模型。通过建立力学模型和系统的运动微分方程，分析主要影响因素，提出相应措施，达到注射机注射过程低速稳定的目的。     

有机中微肥的生产及其应用前景

我国中低产田面积占总耕地面积70%以上,其中大部分存在有机质和中微量元素缺乏和肥料利用率低的问题。为防止中微量元素施入土壤后被固定而失效,提出利用废弃资源,生产有机中微肥(如氨基酸、木质素磺酸、腐植酸中微肥等),其生产成本比EDTA螯合中微肥低,并简要介绍了各种有机中微肥的生产工艺过程。只要做到测土施肥,有针对性加入有机中微肥,即可达到提高作物产量、品质,提高肥料利用率,提高土壤肥力的良好效果。