聚醚二醇钾盐引发D．L－丙交酯的开环聚合研究

以聚乙二醇－４０００钾盐为引发剂．合成了食不同长度聚醚链段的聚Ｄ．Ｌ－乳酸－聚乙二醇－聚Ｄ．Ｌ－乳酸（ＰＬＡ－ＰＥＧ－ＰＬＡ）三嵌段共聚物。考察了溶剂用量、引发剂用量、反应温度和时间、ＰＥＧ分子量、不同溶剂对聚合反应的影响。以１Ｈ－ＮＭＲ、ＩＲ、ＤＳＣ、ＧＰＣ对共聚物进行了表征。     

SBS and SEBS block copolymers as impact modifiers for polypropylene compounds

Blends of polypropylene (PP) and thermoplastic elastomers (TPE), namely SBS (styrene‐butadiene‐styrene) and SEBS (styrene‐ethylene/1‐butene‐styrene) block copolymers, were prepared to evaluate the effectiveness of the TPE type as an impact modifier for PP and influence of the concentration of elastomer on the polymer properties. Polypropylene homopolymer (PP‐H) and ethylene–propylene random copolymer (PP‐R) were evaluated as the PP matrix. Results showed that TPEs had a nucleating effect that caused the PP crystallization temperature to increase, with SBS being more effective than SEBS. Microstructure characterization tests showed that in most cases PP/SEBS blends showed the smallest rubber droplets regardless of the matrix used. It was seen that SEBS is a more effective toughening agent for PP than SBS. At 0°C the Izod impact strength of the PP‐H/SEBS 30% b/w blend was twofold higher than the SBS strength, with the PP‐R/SEBS 30% b/w blend showing no break. A similar behavior on tensile properties and flexural modulus were observed in both PP/TPE blends. Yield stress and tensile strength decreased and elongation at break increased by expanding the dispersed elastomeric phase in the PP matrix. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 95: 254–263, 2005     

Surface properties of block and graft polystyrene–polydimethylsiloxane copolymers

The surface compositions of a series of polystyrene‐b‐polydimethylsiloxane (PS‐b‐PDMS) and polystyrene‐g‐polydimethylsiloxane (PS‐g‐PDMS) copolymers were investigated using ATR‐FTIR and XPS technique. The results showed that enrichment of PDMS soft segments occurred on the surface of the block copolymers as well as on that of graft copolymers. And the magnitude order of the enrichment was as follows: PS‐b‐PDMS > PS‐g‐PDMS, which was attributed to the facilitating of the movement of the PDMS segments in PS‐b‐PDMS copolymer. Meanwhile, the solvent type and the contact medium had influence on the accumulation of PDMS on the surfaces. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2006     

基于Kinect的手术辅助系统研究

针对手术室无菌环境要求非常高的现实需求,以及传统鼠标键盘等人机交互方式存在的需要定期消毒且无法在手术过程中进行操作等客观限制,对目前手术室中人机交互存在的问题进行了分析,提出了一套基于Kinect自然人机交互技术的手术辅助系统。该系统包括一个病人资料库、一套Windows系统下基于Kinect自然人机交互技术的控制程序及一套Kinect手术辅助系统硬件。实验结果表明通过Kinect可以收集操作者的手势、动作、声音等,并将其转化为操作系统可以理解的命令,对手术辅助系统进行相关操作,从而辅助手术进行。该系统对于改善手术条件、节省手术时间、缓解病患痛苦具有一定帮助。     

基于FPGA的GIFT分组密码算法实现

GIFT算法作为PRESENT算法的改进版本,结构上更加简洁高效,在FPGA上运行时,性能仍然存在提升空间。对此提出了一种新的实现方案,通过将算法的40轮迭代计算优化为20轮迭,并将加解密与轮密钥生成操作并行执行。在xc6slx16 FPGA平台综合后,频率可达194 MHz,吞吐量可达1.2 Gbps,消耗时钟周期21个,结果表明,所提方法相比现有工作具有更好的性能表现和更少的时钟周期消耗,实现在FPGA上高速运行是切实可行的。     

离子化对SBS/聚(苯乙烯-甲基丙烯酸甲酯)热塑性互穿聚合物网络结构与力学性能影响的研究

采用原子转移自由基聚合（ATRP）法合成了聚（苯乙烯一甲基丙烯酸甲酯）[P（St—MMA）]，采用两步法制备了SBS／P（St—MMA）热塑性互穿聚合物网络（TIPN）。在双螺杆挤出机上通过熔融挤出方法对SBS／P（St—MMA）直接进行水解，制备了含有离子键的SBS／P（St—MMA）TIPN。离子化后TIPN的拉伸强度明显增加，在离子化程度为25％时达到最大，断裂伸长率明显下降。TIPN的中PB和PS嵌段的Tg均明显增加，PS嵌段增加更加明显，提高20℃；弹性模量E’均明显提高。     

有机硅在皮革化工材料中的应用

综述了有机硅化合物在合成和改性皮革加脂材料、皮革涂饰材料和功能性皮革助剂中的研究与应用情况，讨论了有机硅化合物在改善上述皮革化工材料性能方面的作用以及所赋予这些产品的优良性能。同时介绍了有机硅化合物合成和改性这些皮革化学品的主要方法和合成路线，提出了有机硅化合物在皮革化工材料开发和应用中的发展方向。     

关于我国精细磷化工发展的几点建议

介绍了国内外精细磷化工的生产现状，分析了我国发展磷酸盐的产品领域和市场前景，对基础产品、市场营销、技术创新、大型企业进入磷酸盐行业提出了建议。     

4-取代-1,3-噻唑-2-硫酮的合成研究

采用一种新方法合成4-取代-1,3-噻唑-2-硫酮,首次用唑烷酮与P2S5反应生成4-取代-1,3-噻唑-2-硫酮。探讨了温度、时间、投料比、溶剂对反应的影响,结果表明,五硫化二磷与唑烷酮投料比例为2.5∶1,以甲苯作溶剂,加热回流3 h,反应完全,产率>50%。该方法所用原料廉价易得,操作简便,反应时间短。     

Self-assembly and crystallization behavior of a double-crystalline polyethylene-block-poly(ethylene oxide) diblock copolymer

The self-assembly and crystallization behavior of a well-defined low molecular weight polyethylene-block-poly(ethylene oxide) (PE-b-PEO) diblock copolymer was studied. The number-average degrees of polymerization for the PE and PEO blocks were 29 and 20, respectively. The molecular weight distribution was 1.04 as determined by size-exclusion chromatography. The PE-b-PEO sample exhibited two melting points at 28.7 and 97.4 °C for the PEO and the PE crystals, respectively. The crystallization of the PE blocks was unconfined, while the crystallization of the PEO blocks was confined between pre-existing PE crystalline lamellae, as demonstrated by simultaneous small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) and wide-angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD) studies. In the fully crystalline state, both PE and PEO blocks formed extended-chain crystals with PE chains tilted ∼22° from the lamellar normal and PEO chains parallel to the lamellar normal, as evidenced by two-dimensional WAXD study of shear-oriented samples. Regardless of hydrogen bonding among hydroxyl chain ends in the PEO blocks, interdigitated, single-crystalline layer morphology was observed for both PE and PEO crystals. The partial crystalline morphology, where the PE crystallizes and the PEO is amorphous, had the same overall d-spacing as the fully crystalline morphology. A double-amorphous PEO layer sandwiched between neighboring PE crystalline layers was deduced based on a chain conformation study using Fourier transform infrared. The confined crystallization kinetics for PEO blocks was investigated by differential scanning calorimetry, which could be explained by a heterogeneous nucleation mechanism. The slower crystallization rate in the PEO-block than the same molecular weight homopolymer was attributed to the effects of nanoconfinement and PEO chains tethered to the PE crystals.