基于单目视觉的车辆检测算法研究

本文在全面总结现有的国内外前方行驶车辆的视觉检测算法的基础上,利用由于光照因素使得前方车辆在图像内形成的底部阴影这一先验知识,建立了基于车辆阴影区域检测的前方障碍物视觉检测算法。     

成本约束的网格工作流时间优化方法

针对成本约束有向无环图DAG(directed acyclic graph)表示的网格工作流完工时间最小化问题,提出两个基于优先级规则的迭代启发算法.算法利用并行活动特征定义正向分层和逆向分层两个概念,将其分别引入最大收益规则MP(maximum profit),得到正分层最大收益规则MPTL(maximum profit with top level)和逆分层最大收益规则MPBL(maximum profit with bottom level).两规则每次迭代尽量以完工时间的最小增加换取总费用的最大降低,逐步将分层初始解构造为满足成本约束的可行解.模拟结果表明,两规则在获得较少迭代次数和运行时间的同时,能显著改进MP规则的平均性能,且MPBL优于MPTL.     

A novel TFT‐OLED integration for OLED‐independent pixel programming in amorphous‐Si AMOLED pixels

Abstract— The direct voltage programming of active‐matrix organic light‐emitting‐diode (AMOLED) pixels with n‐channel amorphous‐Si (a‐Si) TFTs requires a contact between the driving TFT and the OLED cathode. Current processing constraints only permit connecting the driving TFT to the OLED anode. Here, a new “inverted” integration technique which makes the direct programming possible by connecting the driver n‐channel a‐Si TFT to the OLED cathode is demonstrated. As a result, the pixel drive current increases by an order of magnitude for the same data voltages and the pixel data voltage for turn‐on drops by several volts. In addition, the pixel drive current becomes independent of the OLED characteristics so that OLED aging does not affect the pixel current. Furthermore, the new integration technique is modified to allow substrate rotation during OLED evaporation to improve the pixel yield and uniformity. The new integration technique is important for realizing active‐matrix OLED displays with a‐Si technology and conventional bottom‐anode OLEDs.     

PIN OLEDs — Improved structures and materials to enhance device lifetime

Abstract— Currently, three issues are identified that decide upon the commercial success of organic light‐emitting diodes (OLEDs), both in display and lighting applications: power efficiency, lifetime, and price competitiveness. PIN OLEDs are widely seen as the preferred way to maximize power efficiency. Here, it is reported that this concept also delivers the world longest lifetimes. For a highly efficient deep‐red PIN OLED, a half‐lifetime of 25,000 hours for a starting brightness of 10,000 cd/m² and a minimal voltage increase over lifetime is reported. This value corresponds to more than 1 × 10⁶ hours at 1000 cd/m² using an exponent of n = 1.7, which was measured by driving the OLEDs at different starting luminances. Because there is no initial luminance drop, these PIN OLEDs also exhibit a very high 80% lifetime (>300,000 hours at 1000 cd/m²). New record lifetime values for blue and green will be reported as well. Additionally, further topics that have impact on the production yield and cost such as the newly developed air‐stable organic n‐doping material NDN‐26 and top‐emitting structures will be discussed.     

A reactive GRASP and path relinking for a combined production–distribution problem

An NP-hard production–distribution problem for one product over a multi-period horizon is investigated. The aim is to minimize total cost taking production setups, inventory levels and distribution into account. An integer linear model is proposed as a compact problem specification but it cannot be solved to optimality for large instances. Instead of using a classical two-phase approach (production planning and then route construction for each day), metaheuristics that simultaneously tackle production and routing decisions are developed: a GRASP (greedy randomized adaptive search procedure) and two improved versions using either a reactive mechanism or a path-relinking process. These algorithms are evaluated on 90 randomly generated instances with 50, 100 and 200 customers and 20 periods. The results confirm the interest of integrating production and distribution decisions, compared to classical two-phase methods. Moreover, reaction and path-relinking give better results than the GRASP alone.     

Chemical cross-linking and mass spectrometry to map three-dimensional protein structures and protein-protein interactions

Closely related to studying the function of a protein is the analysis of its three-dimensional structure and the identification of interaction sites with its binding partners. An alternative approach to the high-resolution methods for three-dimensional protein structure analysis, such as X-ray crystallography and NMR spectroscopy, consists of covalently connecting two functional groups of the protein(s) under investigation. The location of the created cross-links imposes a distance constraint on the location of the respective side chains and allows one to draw conclusions on the three-dimensional structure of the protein or a protein complex. Recently, chemical cross-linking of proteins has been combined with a mass spectrometric analysis of the created cross-linked products. This review article describes the most popular cross-linking reagents for protein structure analysis and gives an overview of the different available strategies that employ chemical cross-linking and different mass spectrometric techniques. The challenges for mass spectrometry caused by the enormous complexity of the cross-linking reaction mixtures are emphasized. The various approaches described in the literature to facilitate the mass spectrometric detection of cross-linked products as well as computer software for data analyses are reviewed.     

泄洪洞掺气减蚀设施空腔回水研究

泄洪洞内高速水流空化引起过流表面空蚀一直以来都是一个值得关注的问题,掺气减蚀是解决泄洪洞过流表面空蚀的有效措施。以某水电站泄洪洞明流泄槽的掺气设施为例,从对掺气坎体型增加坎高、加设坎下平台、加设下游陡坡、圆弧形底板等多个角度进行了探索比较优化。研究成果表明:挑跌坎掺气槽后接圆弧底板布置形式,较好地解决了掺气坎下游水流反向漩滚和空腔回水的问题。这一成果为类似掺气设施的布置提供了参考。     

海淤土地基挡潮闸基础设计

某挡潮闸为在深厚海淤土地基上建闸筑堤,需采取合理基础及地基处理措施解决承载力、变形量及地基变形协调问题。通过方案比较,确定闸室采用半封底沉井基础,岸翼墙采用灌注柱基础。通过现场桩基试验,研究了海淤土中采用粉喷桩复合地基对灌注桩水平承载能力的提高效果。结果表明,提出的基础方案成功解决了工程存在的地质问题,节约了工程投资。